Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change
In response to increasing atmospheric con- centrations of greenhouse gases, the rate of time- dependent climate change is determined jointly by the strength of climate feedbacks and the e�ciency of pro- cesses which remove heat from the surface into the deep ocean. This work examines the vertical he...
Published in: | Climate Dynamics |
---|---|
Main Author: | |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | unknown |
Published: |
Springer
2000
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/19441/ |
id |
ftunivreading:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:19441 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivreading:oai:centaur.reading.ac.uk:19441 2024-09-15T18:37:18+00:00 Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change Gregory, Jonathan M. 2000 https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/19441/ unknown Springer Gregory, J. M. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000874.html> orcid:0000-0003-1296-8644 (2000) Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change. Climate Dynamics, 16 (7). pp. 501-515. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000059 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000059> Article PeerReviewed 2000 ftunivreading https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000059 2024-07-30T14:08:25Z In response to increasing atmospheric con- centrations of greenhouse gases, the rate of time- dependent climate change is determined jointly by the strength of climate feedbacks and the e�ciency of pro- cesses which remove heat from the surface into the deep ocean. This work examines the vertical heat transport processes in the ocean of the HADCM2 atmosphere± ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) in experi- ments with CO2 held constant (control) and increasing at 1% per year (anomaly). The control experiment shows that global average heat exchanges between the upper and lower ocean are dominated by the Southern Ocean, where heat is pumped downwards by the wind- driven circulation and di�uses upwards along sloping isopycnals. This is the reverse of the low-latitude balance used in upwelling±di�usion ocean models, the global average upward di�usive transport being against the temperature gradient. In the anomaly experiment, weakened convection at high latitudes leads to reduced diffusive and convective heat loss from the deep ocean, and hence to net heat uptake, since the advective heat input is less a�ected. Reduction of deep water produc- tion at high latitudes results in reduced upwelling of cold water at low latitudes, giving a further contribution to net heat uptake. On the global average, high-latitude processes thus have a controlling in¯uence. The impor- tant role of di�usion highlights the need to ensure that the schemes employed in AOGCMs give an accurate representation of the relevant sub-grid-scale processes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Southern Ocean CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading Climate Dynamics 16 7 501 515 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
CentAUR: Central Archive at the University of Reading |
op_collection_id |
ftunivreading |
language |
unknown |
description |
In response to increasing atmospheric con- centrations of greenhouse gases, the rate of time- dependent climate change is determined jointly by the strength of climate feedbacks and the e�ciency of pro- cesses which remove heat from the surface into the deep ocean. This work examines the vertical heat transport processes in the ocean of the HADCM2 atmosphere± ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) in experi- ments with CO2 held constant (control) and increasing at 1% per year (anomaly). The control experiment shows that global average heat exchanges between the upper and lower ocean are dominated by the Southern Ocean, where heat is pumped downwards by the wind- driven circulation and di�uses upwards along sloping isopycnals. This is the reverse of the low-latitude balance used in upwelling±di�usion ocean models, the global average upward di�usive transport being against the temperature gradient. In the anomaly experiment, weakened convection at high latitudes leads to reduced diffusive and convective heat loss from the deep ocean, and hence to net heat uptake, since the advective heat input is less a�ected. Reduction of deep water produc- tion at high latitudes results in reduced upwelling of cold water at low latitudes, giving a further contribution to net heat uptake. On the global average, high-latitude processes thus have a controlling in¯uence. The impor- tant role of di�usion highlights the need to ensure that the schemes employed in AOGCMs give an accurate representation of the relevant sub-grid-scale processes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gregory, Jonathan M. |
spellingShingle |
Gregory, Jonathan M. Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
author_facet |
Gregory, Jonathan M. |
author_sort |
Gregory, Jonathan M. |
title |
Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
title_short |
Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
title_full |
Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
title_fullStr |
Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
title_sort |
vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change |
publisher |
Springer |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/19441/ |
genre |
Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
Gregory, J. M. <https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/view/creators/90000874.html> orcid:0000-0003-1296-8644 (2000) Vertical heat transports in the ocean and their effect on time-dependent climate change. Climate Dynamics, 16 (7). pp. 501-515. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000059 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000059> |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/s003820000059 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
7 |
container_start_page |
501 |
op_container_end_page |
515 |
_version_ |
1810481667277586432 |