Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake
ABSTRACT High-latitude, perennially stratified (meromictic) lakes are likely to be especially vulnerable to climate warming because of the importance of ice in maintaining their water column structure and associated distribution of microbial communities. This study aimed to characterize viral abunda...
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ftunivquebecchic:oai:constellation.uqac.ca:5909 2023-05-15T14:01:26+02:00 Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake Labbé, Myriam Girard, Catherine Vincent, Warwick F. Culley, Alexander I. Tamaki, Hideyuki 2020 application/pdf https://constellation.uqac.ca/5909/1/mSphere_2020_Labbe_e00334_20.pdf en eng https://constellation.uqac.ca/5909/ http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1128/MSPHERE.00334-20 doi:10.1128/MSPHERE.00334-20 https://constellation.uqac.ca/5909/1/mSphere_2020_Labbe_e00334_20.pdf Labbé Myriam, Girard Catherine, Vincent Warwick F., Culley Alexander I. et Tamaki Hideyuki. (2020). Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake. mSphere, 5, (3), e00334-20. cc_by CC-BY Biologie et autres sciences connexes Virologie Article publié dans une revue avec comité d'évaluation PeerReviewed 2020 ftunivquebecchic https://doi.org/10.1128/MSPHERE.00334-20 2021-07-10T22:13:10Z ABSTRACT High-latitude, perennially stratified (meromictic) lakes are likely to be especially vulnerable to climate warming because of the importance of ice in maintaining their water column structure and associated distribution of microbial communities. This study aimed to characterize viral abundance, diversity, and distribution in a meromictic lake of marine origin on the far northern coast of Ellesmere Island, in the Canadian High Arctic. We collected triplicate samples for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viromics from five depths that encompassed the major features of the lake, as determined by limnological profiling of the water column. Viral abundance and virus-to-prokaryote ratios were highest at greater depths, while bacterial and cyanobacterial counts were greatest in the surface waters. The viral communities from each zone of the lake defined by salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentrations were markedly distinct, suggesting that there was little exchange of viral types among lake strata. Ten viral assembled genomes were obtained from our libraries, and these also segregated with depth. This well-defined structure of viral communities was consistent with that of potential hosts. Viruses from the monimolimnion, a deep layer of ancient Arctic Ocean seawater, were more diverse and relatively abundant, with few similarities to available viral sequences. The Lake A viral communities also differed from published records from the Arctic Ocean and meromictic Ace Lake in Antarctica. This first characterization of viral diversity from this sentinel environment underscores the microbial richness and complexity of an ecosystem type that is increasingly exposed to major perturbations in the fast-changing Arctic. IMPORTANCE The Arctic is warming at an accelerating pace, and the rise in temperature has increasing impacts on the Arctic biome. Lakes are integrators of their surroundings and thus excellent sentinels of environmental change. Despite their importance in the regulation of key microbial processes, viruses remain largely uncharacterized in Arctic lacustrine environments. We sampled a highly stratified meromictic lake near the northern limit of the Canadian High Arctic, a region in rapid transition due to climate change. We found that the different layers of the lake harbored viral communities that were strikingly dissimilar and highly divergent from known viruses. Viruses were more abundant in the deepest part of the lake containing ancient Arctic Ocean seawater that was trapped during glacial retreat and were genomically unlike any viruses previously described. This research demonstrates the complexity and novelty of viral communities in an environment that is vulnerable to ongoing perturbation. Text Antarc* Antarctica Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ellesmere Island Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC): Constellation Ace Lake ENVELOPE(78.188,78.188,-68.472,-68.472) Arctic Arctic Lake ENVELOPE(-130.826,-130.826,57.231,57.231) Arctic Ocean Ellesmere Island mSphere 5 3 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC): Constellation |
op_collection_id |
ftunivquebecchic |
language |
English |
topic |
Biologie et autres sciences connexes Virologie |
spellingShingle |
Biologie et autres sciences connexes Virologie Labbé, Myriam Girard, Catherine Vincent, Warwick F. Culley, Alexander I. Tamaki, Hideyuki Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake |
topic_facet |
Biologie et autres sciences connexes Virologie |
description |
ABSTRACT High-latitude, perennially stratified (meromictic) lakes are likely to be especially vulnerable to climate warming because of the importance of ice in maintaining their water column structure and associated distribution of microbial communities. This study aimed to characterize viral abundance, diversity, and distribution in a meromictic lake of marine origin on the far northern coast of Ellesmere Island, in the Canadian High Arctic. We collected triplicate samples for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viromics from five depths that encompassed the major features of the lake, as determined by limnological profiling of the water column. Viral abundance and virus-to-prokaryote ratios were highest at greater depths, while bacterial and cyanobacterial counts were greatest in the surface waters. The viral communities from each zone of the lake defined by salinity, temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentrations were markedly distinct, suggesting that there was little exchange of viral types among lake strata. Ten viral assembled genomes were obtained from our libraries, and these also segregated with depth. This well-defined structure of viral communities was consistent with that of potential hosts. Viruses from the monimolimnion, a deep layer of ancient Arctic Ocean seawater, were more diverse and relatively abundant, with few similarities to available viral sequences. The Lake A viral communities also differed from published records from the Arctic Ocean and meromictic Ace Lake in Antarctica. This first characterization of viral diversity from this sentinel environment underscores the microbial richness and complexity of an ecosystem type that is increasingly exposed to major perturbations in the fast-changing Arctic. IMPORTANCE The Arctic is warming at an accelerating pace, and the rise in temperature has increasing impacts on the Arctic biome. Lakes are integrators of their surroundings and thus excellent sentinels of environmental change. Despite their importance in the regulation of key microbial processes, viruses remain largely uncharacterized in Arctic lacustrine environments. We sampled a highly stratified meromictic lake near the northern limit of the Canadian High Arctic, a region in rapid transition due to climate change. We found that the different layers of the lake harbored viral communities that were strikingly dissimilar and highly divergent from known viruses. Viruses were more abundant in the deepest part of the lake containing ancient Arctic Ocean seawater that was trapped during glacial retreat and were genomically unlike any viruses previously described. This research demonstrates the complexity and novelty of viral communities in an environment that is vulnerable to ongoing perturbation. |
format |
Text |
author |
Labbé, Myriam Girard, Catherine Vincent, Warwick F. Culley, Alexander I. Tamaki, Hideyuki |
author_facet |
Labbé, Myriam Girard, Catherine Vincent, Warwick F. Culley, Alexander I. Tamaki, Hideyuki |
author_sort |
Labbé, Myriam |
title |
Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake |
title_short |
Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake |
title_full |
Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake |
title_fullStr |
Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake |
title_sort |
extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived high arctic lake |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://constellation.uqac.ca/5909/1/mSphere_2020_Labbe_e00334_20.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(78.188,78.188,-68.472,-68.472) ENVELOPE(-130.826,-130.826,57.231,57.231) |
geographic |
Ace Lake Arctic Arctic Lake Arctic Ocean Ellesmere Island |
geographic_facet |
Ace Lake Arctic Arctic Lake Arctic Ocean Ellesmere Island |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ellesmere Island |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Climate change Ellesmere Island |
op_relation |
https://constellation.uqac.ca/5909/ http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1128/MSPHERE.00334-20 doi:10.1128/MSPHERE.00334-20 https://constellation.uqac.ca/5909/1/mSphere_2020_Labbe_e00334_20.pdf Labbé Myriam, Girard Catherine, Vincent Warwick F., Culley Alexander I. et Tamaki Hideyuki. (2020). Extreme viral partitioning in a marine-derived High Arctic lake. mSphere, 5, (3), e00334-20. |
op_rights |
cc_by |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1128/MSPHERE.00334-20 |
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mSphere |
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5 |
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3 |
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1766271245970571264 |