Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment
Background: Penguins are flightless aquatic birds widely distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The distinctive morphological and physiological features of penguins allow them to live an aquatic life, and some of them have successfully adapted to the hostile environments in Antarctica. To study the...
Published in: | GigaScience |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BioMed Central
2014
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:683835 |
id |
ftunivqespace:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:683835 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivqespace:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:683835 2023-05-15T13:47:31+02:00 Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment Li, Cai Zhang, Yong Li, Jianwen Kong, Lesheng Hu, Haofu Pan, Hailin Xu, Luohao Deng, Yuan Li, Qiye Jin, Lijun Yu, Hao Chen, Yan Liu, Binghang Yang, Linfeng Liu, Shiping Zhang, Yan Lang, Yongshan Xia, Jinquan He, Weiming Shi, Qiong Subramanian, Sankar Millar, Craig D. Meader, Stephen Rands, Chris M. Fujita, Matthew K. Greenwold, Matthew J. Castoe, Todd A. Pollock, David D. Gu, Wanjun Nam, Kiwoong Ellegren, Hans 2014-12-01 https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:683835 eng eng BioMed Central doi:10.1186/2047-217X-3-27 issn:2047-217X Not set 300837 R52-A5062 249869 LP110200229 GM083127 MC_U137761446 MC_UU_12021/1 R01GM083127 R01GM097251 Adaptation Antarctica Avian genomics Evolution Penguins 1706 Computer Science Applications 2718 Health Informatics Journal Article 2014 ftunivqespace https://doi.org/10.1186/2047-217X-3-27 2020-11-24T02:30:26Z Background: Penguins are flightless aquatic birds widely distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The distinctive morphological and physiological features of penguins allow them to live an aquatic life, and some of them have successfully adapted to the hostile environments in Antarctica. To study the phylogenetic and population history of penguins and the molecular basis of their adaptations to Antarctica, we sequenced the genomes of the two Antarctic dwelling penguin species, the Adélie penguin [Pygoscelis adeliae] and emperor penguin [Aptenodytes forsteri].Results: Phylogenetic dating suggests that early penguins arose ~60 million years ago, coinciding with a period of global warming. Analysis of effective population sizes reveals that the two penguin species experienced population expansions from ~1 million years ago to ~100 thousand years ago, but responded differently to the climatic cooling of the last glacial period. Comparative genomic analyses with other available avian genomes identified molecular changes in genes related to epidermal structure, phototransduction, lipid metabolism, and forelimb morphology.Conclusions: Our sequencing and initial analyses of the first two penguin genomes provide insights into the timing of penguin origin, fluctuations in effective population sizes of the two penguin species over the past 10 million years, and the potential associations between these biological patterns and global climate change. The molecular changes compared with other avian genomes reflect both shared and diverse adaptations of the two penguin species to the Antarctic environment. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Pygoscelis adeliae The University of Queensland: UQ eSpace Antarctic The Antarctic GigaScience 3 1 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Queensland: UQ eSpace |
op_collection_id |
ftunivqespace |
language |
English |
topic |
Adaptation Antarctica Avian genomics Evolution Penguins 1706 Computer Science Applications 2718 Health Informatics |
spellingShingle |
Adaptation Antarctica Avian genomics Evolution Penguins 1706 Computer Science Applications 2718 Health Informatics Li, Cai Zhang, Yong Li, Jianwen Kong, Lesheng Hu, Haofu Pan, Hailin Xu, Luohao Deng, Yuan Li, Qiye Jin, Lijun Yu, Hao Chen, Yan Liu, Binghang Yang, Linfeng Liu, Shiping Zhang, Yan Lang, Yongshan Xia, Jinquan He, Weiming Shi, Qiong Subramanian, Sankar Millar, Craig D. Meader, Stephen Rands, Chris M. Fujita, Matthew K. Greenwold, Matthew J. Castoe, Todd A. Pollock, David D. Gu, Wanjun Nam, Kiwoong Ellegren, Hans Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment |
topic_facet |
Adaptation Antarctica Avian genomics Evolution Penguins 1706 Computer Science Applications 2718 Health Informatics |
description |
Background: Penguins are flightless aquatic birds widely distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The distinctive morphological and physiological features of penguins allow them to live an aquatic life, and some of them have successfully adapted to the hostile environments in Antarctica. To study the phylogenetic and population history of penguins and the molecular basis of their adaptations to Antarctica, we sequenced the genomes of the two Antarctic dwelling penguin species, the Adélie penguin [Pygoscelis adeliae] and emperor penguin [Aptenodytes forsteri].Results: Phylogenetic dating suggests that early penguins arose ~60 million years ago, coinciding with a period of global warming. Analysis of effective population sizes reveals that the two penguin species experienced population expansions from ~1 million years ago to ~100 thousand years ago, but responded differently to the climatic cooling of the last glacial period. Comparative genomic analyses with other available avian genomes identified molecular changes in genes related to epidermal structure, phototransduction, lipid metabolism, and forelimb morphology.Conclusions: Our sequencing and initial analyses of the first two penguin genomes provide insights into the timing of penguin origin, fluctuations in effective population sizes of the two penguin species over the past 10 million years, and the potential associations between these biological patterns and global climate change. The molecular changes compared with other avian genomes reflect both shared and diverse adaptations of the two penguin species to the Antarctic environment. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Li, Cai Zhang, Yong Li, Jianwen Kong, Lesheng Hu, Haofu Pan, Hailin Xu, Luohao Deng, Yuan Li, Qiye Jin, Lijun Yu, Hao Chen, Yan Liu, Binghang Yang, Linfeng Liu, Shiping Zhang, Yan Lang, Yongshan Xia, Jinquan He, Weiming Shi, Qiong Subramanian, Sankar Millar, Craig D. Meader, Stephen Rands, Chris M. Fujita, Matthew K. Greenwold, Matthew J. Castoe, Todd A. Pollock, David D. Gu, Wanjun Nam, Kiwoong Ellegren, Hans |
author_facet |
Li, Cai Zhang, Yong Li, Jianwen Kong, Lesheng Hu, Haofu Pan, Hailin Xu, Luohao Deng, Yuan Li, Qiye Jin, Lijun Yu, Hao Chen, Yan Liu, Binghang Yang, Linfeng Liu, Shiping Zhang, Yan Lang, Yongshan Xia, Jinquan He, Weiming Shi, Qiong Subramanian, Sankar Millar, Craig D. Meader, Stephen Rands, Chris M. Fujita, Matthew K. Greenwold, Matthew J. Castoe, Todd A. Pollock, David D. Gu, Wanjun Nam, Kiwoong Ellegren, Hans |
author_sort |
Li, Cai |
title |
Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment |
title_short |
Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment |
title_full |
Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment |
title_fullStr |
Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Two Antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the Antarctic environment |
title_sort |
two antarctic penguin genomes reveal insights into their evolutionary history and molecular changes related to the antarctic environment |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:683835 |
geographic |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Pygoscelis adeliae |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Pygoscelis adeliae |
op_relation |
doi:10.1186/2047-217X-3-27 issn:2047-217X Not set 300837 R52-A5062 249869 LP110200229 GM083127 MC_U137761446 MC_UU_12021/1 R01GM083127 R01GM097251 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/2047-217X-3-27 |
container_title |
GigaScience |
container_volume |
3 |
container_issue |
1 |
_version_ |
1766247258754383872 |