Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave
Pleistocene palaeoclimates and palaeoenvironments of southernmost Africa are important for understanding southern hemisphere climate dynamics and for reconstructing human evolution and early human settlement in this region. Measurements of δC in tooth enamel of 136 faunal specimens from the archaeol...
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2016
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ftunivqespace:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:416953 2023-05-15T13:51:35+02:00 Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave Sealy, Judith Lee-Thorp, Julia Loftus, Emma Faith, J. Tyler Marean, Curtis W. 2016-11-01 https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:416953 eng eng John Wiley & Sons doi:10.1002/jqs.2916 issn:1099-1417 issn:0267-8179 orcid:0000-0002-1101-7161 BCS-0524087 BCS-0824717 Not set Bioapatite C3/C4 Last Glacial Maximum Palaeoclimate Palaeoenvironment 1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) 1911 Palaeontology Journal Article 2016 ftunivqespace https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2916 2020-12-08T01:04:05Z Pleistocene palaeoclimates and palaeoenvironments of southernmost Africa are important for understanding southern hemisphere climate dynamics and for reconstructing human evolution and early human settlement in this region. Measurements of δC in tooth enamel of 136 faunal specimens from the archaeological site of Boomplaas Cave, South Africa, show significant shifts in proportions of C and C vegetation from the earliest deposits, probably dating to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, to the late Holocene. Vegetation communities during the Last Glacial Maximum were strongly C-dominated, indicating an eastward expansion of the winter rainfall zone at this time. This is consistent with climate models postulating northwards shift and/or intensification of the circumpolar westerly frontal systems during glacials. Winter rainfall and lower temperatures, both of which favour C grasses, were clearly more important than lower pCO (which favours C grasses) in determining the nature of the vegetation. The intervals 40–36 and 17–14k cal a BP supported substantial quantities of C grasses, indicating a greater proportion of summer rainfall at these times. These two intervals correspond with warmer climates as reflected in Antarctic ice cores. δC of an as yet unnamed caprine indicate that these animals were primarily C grazers. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic The University of Queensland: UQ eSpace Antarctic Journal of Quaternary Science 31 8 919 927 |
institution |
Open Polar |
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The University of Queensland: UQ eSpace |
op_collection_id |
ftunivqespace |
language |
English |
topic |
Bioapatite C3/C4 Last Glacial Maximum Palaeoclimate Palaeoenvironment 1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) 1911 Palaeontology |
spellingShingle |
Bioapatite C3/C4 Last Glacial Maximum Palaeoclimate Palaeoenvironment 1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) 1911 Palaeontology Sealy, Judith Lee-Thorp, Julia Loftus, Emma Faith, J. Tyler Marean, Curtis W. Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave |
topic_facet |
Bioapatite C3/C4 Last Glacial Maximum Palaeoclimate Palaeoenvironment 1201 Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) 1901 Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous) 1911 Palaeontology |
description |
Pleistocene palaeoclimates and palaeoenvironments of southernmost Africa are important for understanding southern hemisphere climate dynamics and for reconstructing human evolution and early human settlement in this region. Measurements of δC in tooth enamel of 136 faunal specimens from the archaeological site of Boomplaas Cave, South Africa, show significant shifts in proportions of C and C vegetation from the earliest deposits, probably dating to Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, to the late Holocene. Vegetation communities during the Last Glacial Maximum were strongly C-dominated, indicating an eastward expansion of the winter rainfall zone at this time. This is consistent with climate models postulating northwards shift and/or intensification of the circumpolar westerly frontal systems during glacials. Winter rainfall and lower temperatures, both of which favour C grasses, were clearly more important than lower pCO (which favours C grasses) in determining the nature of the vegetation. The intervals 40–36 and 17–14k cal a BP supported substantial quantities of C grasses, indicating a greater proportion of summer rainfall at these times. These two intervals correspond with warmer climates as reflected in Antarctic ice cores. δC of an as yet unnamed caprine indicate that these animals were primarily C grazers. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sealy, Judith Lee-Thorp, Julia Loftus, Emma Faith, J. Tyler Marean, Curtis W. |
author_facet |
Sealy, Judith Lee-Thorp, Julia Loftus, Emma Faith, J. Tyler Marean, Curtis W. |
author_sort |
Sealy, Judith |
title |
Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave |
title_short |
Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave |
title_full |
Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave |
title_fullStr |
Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave |
title_full_unstemmed |
Late Quaternary environmental change in the Southern Cape, South Africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from Boomplaas Cave |
title_sort |
late quaternary environmental change in the southern cape, south africa, from stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in faunal tooth enamel from boomplaas cave |
publisher |
John Wiley & Sons |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:416953 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
doi:10.1002/jqs.2916 issn:1099-1417 issn:0267-8179 orcid:0000-0002-1101-7161 BCS-0524087 BCS-0824717 Not set |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.2916 |
container_title |
Journal of Quaternary Science |
container_volume |
31 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
919 |
op_container_end_page |
927 |
_version_ |
1766255547811627008 |