Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals
Wastewater-based epidemiology is an efficient way to assess illicit drug use, complementing currently used methods retrieved from different data sources. The aim of this study is to compare stimulant drug use in five Nordic capital cities that include for the first time wastewater samples from Torsh...
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ftunivqespace:oai:espace.library.uq.edu.au:UQ:3c5053e 2023-05-15T16:10:58+02:00 Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals Löve, Arndís Sue Ching Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio Reid, Malcolm J. Kankaanpää, Aino Gunnar, Teemu Dam, Maria Ólafsdóttir, Kristín Thomas, Kevin V. 2018-06-15 https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:3c5053e eng eng Elsevier doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.274 issn:1879-1026 issn:0048-9697 orcid:0000-0002-2155-100X ES1307 163049-051 HI17060092 Amphetamine Cocaine MDMA Methamphetamine Nordic countries Wastewater-based epidemiology 2304 Environmental Chemistry 2305 Environmental Engineering 2310 Pollution 2311 Waste Management and Disposal Journal Article 2018 ftunivqespace https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.274 2020-12-08T04:37:55Z Wastewater-based epidemiology is an efficient way to assess illicit drug use, complementing currently used methods retrieved from different data sources. The aim of this study is to compare stimulant drug use in five Nordic capital cities that include for the first time wastewater samples from Torshavn in the Faroe Islands. Currently there are no published reports that compare stimulant drug use in these Nordic capitals. All wastewater samples were analyzed using solid phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The results were compared with data published by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction based on illicit drugs in wastewater from over 50 European cities. Confirming previous reports, the results showed high amphetamine loads compared with other European countries. Very little apparent abuse of stimulant drugs was detected in Torshavn. Methamphetamine loads were the highest from Helsinki of the Nordic countries, indicating substantial fluctuations in the availability of the drug compared with previous studies. Methamphetamine loads from Oslo confirmed that the use continues to be high. Estimated cocaine use was found to be in the lower range compared with other cities in the southern and western part of Europe. Ecstasy and cocaine showed clear variations between weekdays and weekends, indicating recreational use. This study further demonstrates geographical trends in the stimulant drug market in five Nordic capitals, which enables a better comparison with other areas of the continent. Article in Journal/Newspaper Faroe Islands Torshavn The University of Queensland: UQ eSpace Faroe Islands Science of The Total Environment 627 1039 1047 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
The University of Queensland: UQ eSpace |
op_collection_id |
ftunivqespace |
language |
English |
topic |
Amphetamine Cocaine MDMA Methamphetamine Nordic countries Wastewater-based epidemiology 2304 Environmental Chemistry 2305 Environmental Engineering 2310 Pollution 2311 Waste Management and Disposal |
spellingShingle |
Amphetamine Cocaine MDMA Methamphetamine Nordic countries Wastewater-based epidemiology 2304 Environmental Chemistry 2305 Environmental Engineering 2310 Pollution 2311 Waste Management and Disposal Löve, Arndís Sue Ching Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio Reid, Malcolm J. Kankaanpää, Aino Gunnar, Teemu Dam, Maria Ólafsdóttir, Kristín Thomas, Kevin V. Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals |
topic_facet |
Amphetamine Cocaine MDMA Methamphetamine Nordic countries Wastewater-based epidemiology 2304 Environmental Chemistry 2305 Environmental Engineering 2310 Pollution 2311 Waste Management and Disposal |
description |
Wastewater-based epidemiology is an efficient way to assess illicit drug use, complementing currently used methods retrieved from different data sources. The aim of this study is to compare stimulant drug use in five Nordic capital cities that include for the first time wastewater samples from Torshavn in the Faroe Islands. Currently there are no published reports that compare stimulant drug use in these Nordic capitals. All wastewater samples were analyzed using solid phase extraction and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The results were compared with data published by the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction based on illicit drugs in wastewater from over 50 European cities. Confirming previous reports, the results showed high amphetamine loads compared with other European countries. Very little apparent abuse of stimulant drugs was detected in Torshavn. Methamphetamine loads were the highest from Helsinki of the Nordic countries, indicating substantial fluctuations in the availability of the drug compared with previous studies. Methamphetamine loads from Oslo confirmed that the use continues to be high. Estimated cocaine use was found to be in the lower range compared with other cities in the southern and western part of Europe. Ecstasy and cocaine showed clear variations between weekdays and weekends, indicating recreational use. This study further demonstrates geographical trends in the stimulant drug market in five Nordic capitals, which enables a better comparison with other areas of the continent. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Löve, Arndís Sue Ching Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio Reid, Malcolm J. Kankaanpää, Aino Gunnar, Teemu Dam, Maria Ólafsdóttir, Kristín Thomas, Kevin V. |
author_facet |
Löve, Arndís Sue Ching Baz-Lomba, Jose Antonio Reid, Malcolm J. Kankaanpää, Aino Gunnar, Teemu Dam, Maria Ólafsdóttir, Kristín Thomas, Kevin V. |
author_sort |
Löve, Arndís Sue Ching |
title |
Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals |
title_short |
Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals |
title_full |
Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals |
title_fullStr |
Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals |
title_full_unstemmed |
Analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five Nordic capitals |
title_sort |
analysis of stimulant drugs in the wastewater of five nordic capitals |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:3c5053e |
geographic |
Faroe Islands |
geographic_facet |
Faroe Islands |
genre |
Faroe Islands Torshavn |
genre_facet |
Faroe Islands Torshavn |
op_relation |
doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.274 issn:1879-1026 issn:0048-9697 orcid:0000-0002-2155-100X ES1307 163049-051 HI17060092 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.274 |
container_title |
Science of The Total Environment |
container_volume |
627 |
container_start_page |
1039 |
op_container_end_page |
1047 |
_version_ |
1765996090243416064 |