Trophic relationships among Antarctic fulmarine petrels: insights into dietary overlap and chick provisioning strategies inferred from stable isotope (?15N and ?13C) analyses

• Main Authors: Hodum, Peter, Hobson, Keith A.
• Format: Text
• Language: unknown
• Published: Sound Ideas 2000
• Subjects: Trophic relationships; Diet; Stable-isotope analysis; Pagodroma nivea; Daption Capense; Thalassoica Antarctica; Fulmarus glaciaioides; Antarctica. Chick-provisioning; Antarctic; Nivea; Antarc*; Antarctic Petrel; Antarctic silverfish; Antarctica; Cape Petrel; Cape Petrels; Daption capense; Snow Petrel; Snow Petrels; Thalassoica antarctica
• Online Access: https://soundideas.pugetsound.edu/faculty_pubs/1471

We used stable-isotope analysis (SIA) to evaluate trophic relationships in an Antarctic seabird community. We determined natural abundances of stable-nitrogen (?15N) and stable-carbon (?13C) isotopes from blood samples (n = 283) from adults and chicks of 4 Antarctic fulmarine petrel species (Fulmarus glaciaioides, Thalassoica antarctica, Daption capense and Pagodroma nivea) during 2 consecutive breeding seasons, 1994/1995 and 1995/1996, and from representative prey items. Our objectives were to use the isotope approach to infer trophic Status and diet composition within and between species, addressing interspecific and temporal variability within this seabird community, and to investigate potential age-related differences in assumed trophic position within species. Prey ?13C values ranged from -26.8% in amphipods to -23.9% in adult Antarctic silverfish. Seabird ?13C values ranged from -25.3% in Antarctic petrel chicks to -23.8% in Cape petrel adults. Prey ?15N values ranged from 4.0% in euphausiids to 10.7% in adult Antarctic silverfish. Seabird ?15N values ranged from 8.4% in Antarctic petrel adults to 12.0% in Snow petrel chicks. There was considerable interspecific overlap in assumed trophic positions amongst the 4 petrel species, and we conclude all species consumed fish and krill. Despite this apparent overlap, the range in ?15N values for petrels corresponded to the equivalent of 1 full trophic level, and estimated trophic level varied with both species and age. A simple trophic level model, constructed based on the ?15N data, predicted trophic levels ranging from 2.3 in krill to 4.7 in Snow petrel chicks. Snow petrels and Antarctic fulmars tended to have higher ?15N values than Antarctic and Cape petrels, suggesting a higher proportion of fish in their diets. Petrel chicks consistently had higher ?15N values than adults, which suggests trophic segregation between adults and chicks. We discuss advantages of selectively provisioning chicks with higher trophic level prey. Extensive overlap and a relatively ...