Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification
The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to hav...
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Nature Research
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1345 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07051 |
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ftunivplympearl:oai:pearl.plymouth.ac.uk:10026.1/1345 2023-05-15T17:50:31+02:00 Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification Hall-Spencer, JM Rodolfo-Metalpa, R Martin, S Ransome, E Fine, M Turner, SM Rowley, SJ Tedesco, D Buia, MC 2008-07-03 96 - 99 http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1345 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07051 eng eng Nature Research England ISSN:0028-0836 E-ISSN:1476-4687 0028-0836 http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1345 doi:10.1038/nature07051 1476-4687 Not known Acids Alismatidae Animals Atlantic Ocean Calcium Carbonate Carbon Dioxide Ecosystem Eukaryota Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Invertebrates Italy Population Density Seawater Volcanic Eruptions Journal Article 2008 ftunivplympearl https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07051 2021-03-09T18:32:52Z The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% increase in the concentration of H(+) in ocean surface waters since the early 1900s and may lead to a drop in seawater pH of up to 0.5 units by 2100 (refs 2, 3). Our understanding of how increased ocean acidity may affect marine ecosystems is at present very limited as almost all studies have been in vitro, short-term, rapid perturbation experiments on isolated elements of the ecosystem. Here we show the effects of acidification on benthic ecosystems at shallow coastal sites where volcanic CO(2) vents lower the pH of the water column. Along gradients of normal pH (8.1-8.2) to lowered pH (mean 7.8-7.9, minimum 7.4-7.5), typical rocky shore communities with abundant calcareous organisms shifted to communities lacking scleractinian corals with significant reductions in sea urchin and coralline algal abundance. To our knowledge, this is the first ecosystem-scale validation of predictions that these important groups of organisms are susceptible to elevated amounts of p(CO(2)). Sea-grass production was highest in an area at mean pH 7.6 (1,827 (mu)atm p(CO(2))) where coralline algal biomass was significantly reduced and gastropod shells were dissolving due to periods of carbonate sub-saturation. The species populating the vent sites comprise a suite of organisms that are resilient to naturally high concentrations of p(CO(2)) and indicate that ocean acidification may benefit highly invasive non-native algal species. Our results provide the first in situ insights into how shallow water marine communities might change when susceptible organisms are removed owing to ocean acidification. Article in Journal/Newspaper Ocean acidification PEARL (Plymouth Electronic Archiv & ResearchLibrary, Plymouth University) Nature 454 7200 96 99 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PEARL (Plymouth Electronic Archiv & ResearchLibrary, Plymouth University) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivplympearl |
language |
English |
topic |
Acids Alismatidae Animals Atlantic Ocean Calcium Carbonate Carbon Dioxide Ecosystem Eukaryota Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Invertebrates Italy Population Density Seawater Volcanic Eruptions |
spellingShingle |
Acids Alismatidae Animals Atlantic Ocean Calcium Carbonate Carbon Dioxide Ecosystem Eukaryota Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Invertebrates Italy Population Density Seawater Volcanic Eruptions Hall-Spencer, JM Rodolfo-Metalpa, R Martin, S Ransome, E Fine, M Turner, SM Rowley, SJ Tedesco, D Buia, MC Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
topic_facet |
Acids Alismatidae Animals Atlantic Ocean Calcium Carbonate Carbon Dioxide Ecosystem Eukaryota Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Invertebrates Italy Population Density Seawater Volcanic Eruptions |
description |
The atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p(CO(2))) will almost certainly be double that of pre-industrial levels by 2100 and will be considerably higher than at any time during the past few million years. The oceans are a principal sink for anthropogenic CO(2) where it is estimated to have caused a 30% increase in the concentration of H(+) in ocean surface waters since the early 1900s and may lead to a drop in seawater pH of up to 0.5 units by 2100 (refs 2, 3). Our understanding of how increased ocean acidity may affect marine ecosystems is at present very limited as almost all studies have been in vitro, short-term, rapid perturbation experiments on isolated elements of the ecosystem. Here we show the effects of acidification on benthic ecosystems at shallow coastal sites where volcanic CO(2) vents lower the pH of the water column. Along gradients of normal pH (8.1-8.2) to lowered pH (mean 7.8-7.9, minimum 7.4-7.5), typical rocky shore communities with abundant calcareous organisms shifted to communities lacking scleractinian corals with significant reductions in sea urchin and coralline algal abundance. To our knowledge, this is the first ecosystem-scale validation of predictions that these important groups of organisms are susceptible to elevated amounts of p(CO(2)). Sea-grass production was highest in an area at mean pH 7.6 (1,827 (mu)atm p(CO(2))) where coralline algal biomass was significantly reduced and gastropod shells were dissolving due to periods of carbonate sub-saturation. The species populating the vent sites comprise a suite of organisms that are resilient to naturally high concentrations of p(CO(2)) and indicate that ocean acidification may benefit highly invasive non-native algal species. Our results provide the first in situ insights into how shallow water marine communities might change when susceptible organisms are removed owing to ocean acidification. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hall-Spencer, JM Rodolfo-Metalpa, R Martin, S Ransome, E Fine, M Turner, SM Rowley, SJ Tedesco, D Buia, MC |
author_facet |
Hall-Spencer, JM Rodolfo-Metalpa, R Martin, S Ransome, E Fine, M Turner, SM Rowley, SJ Tedesco, D Buia, MC |
author_sort |
Hall-Spencer, JM |
title |
Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
title_short |
Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
title_full |
Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
title_fullStr |
Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
title_sort |
volcanic carbon dioxide vents show ecosystem effects of ocean acidification |
publisher |
Nature Research |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1345 https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07051 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
ISSN:0028-0836 E-ISSN:1476-4687 0028-0836 http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1345 doi:10.1038/nature07051 1476-4687 |
op_rights |
Not known |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07051 |
container_title |
Nature |
container_volume |
454 |
container_issue |
7200 |
container_start_page |
96 |
op_container_end_page |
99 |
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1766157290638934016 |