Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean
The Grotta del Cavallo contains one of the most important stratification of Mousterian, Uluzzian and Final Epigravettian tecnocomplexes; its chronology is of paramount importance for understanding the timing of the transition between Middle and Upper Palaeolithic in the Mediterranean region as well...
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11568/899273 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379117305863 |
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ftunivpisairis:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/899273 2024-04-21T08:03:39+00:00 Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean Zanchetta, Giovanni Giaccio, Biagio Bini, Monica SARTI, LUCIA Zanchetta, Giovanni Giaccio, Biagio Bini, Monica Sarti, Lucia 2018 http://hdl.handle.net/11568/899273 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379117305863 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000425200900005 volume:182 firstpage:65 lastpage:77 numberofpages:13 journal:QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS http://hdl.handle.net/11568/899273 doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85039980032 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379117305863 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Musterian Paleoclimatology Pleistocene Southern Italy Tephrostratigraphy Uluzzian Global and Planetary Change Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematic Archeology (arts and humanities) Archeology Geology info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2018 ftunivpisairis https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 2024-03-28T01:31:22Z The Grotta del Cavallo contains one of the most important stratification of Mousterian, Uluzzian and Final Epigravettian tecnocomplexes; its chronology is of paramount importance for understanding the timing of the transition between Middle and Upper Palaeolithic in the Mediterranean region as well as the demise of the Neanderthal and the dispersal of the first anatomically modern humans through Europe. Within the stratigraphy of the cave three different volcanic ash layers occur (layer G, Fa and C-II). They are located in the middle section of the Mousterian (layer G), in between the Mousterian and Uluzzian layers (layer Fa) and on top of the Uluzzian horizons (layer C-II). The three tephra layers were chemically fingerprinted and correlated to well-known and precisely dated widespread Late Pleistocene tephra markers. Specifically, layer G, Fa and C-II were correlated to the X-6 (108.7 ± 0.9 ka), Y-6 (45.5 ± 1.0 ka) and Campanian Ignimbrite (39.85 ± 0.14 ka), respectively. These findings provide robust chronological points allowing to conclude that: (i) the Mousterian occupation of the cave took place after the fall of the sea level following the MIS 5e high-stand; (ii) the Mousterian-Uluzzian boundary can be dated to 45.5 ± 1.0 ka and climatostratigraphically firmly placed at the transition between the Greenland Interstadial 12 (GI12)-Greenland Stadial 12 (GS12); (iii) the Uluzzian lasted for at least five millennial spanning the GS12-GI9 period and ended at beginning of the Heinrich Event 4. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland ARPI - Archivio della Ricerca dell'Università di Pisa Quaternary Science Reviews 182 65 77 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
ARPI - Archivio della Ricerca dell'Università di Pisa |
op_collection_id |
ftunivpisairis |
language |
English |
topic |
Musterian Paleoclimatology Pleistocene Southern Italy Tephrostratigraphy Uluzzian Global and Planetary Change Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematic Archeology (arts and humanities) Archeology Geology |
spellingShingle |
Musterian Paleoclimatology Pleistocene Southern Italy Tephrostratigraphy Uluzzian Global and Planetary Change Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematic Archeology (arts and humanities) Archeology Geology Zanchetta, Giovanni Giaccio, Biagio Bini, Monica SARTI, LUCIA Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean |
topic_facet |
Musterian Paleoclimatology Pleistocene Southern Italy Tephrostratigraphy Uluzzian Global and Planetary Change Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematic Archeology (arts and humanities) Archeology Geology |
description |
The Grotta del Cavallo contains one of the most important stratification of Mousterian, Uluzzian and Final Epigravettian tecnocomplexes; its chronology is of paramount importance for understanding the timing of the transition between Middle and Upper Palaeolithic in the Mediterranean region as well as the demise of the Neanderthal and the dispersal of the first anatomically modern humans through Europe. Within the stratigraphy of the cave three different volcanic ash layers occur (layer G, Fa and C-II). They are located in the middle section of the Mousterian (layer G), in between the Mousterian and Uluzzian layers (layer Fa) and on top of the Uluzzian horizons (layer C-II). The three tephra layers were chemically fingerprinted and correlated to well-known and precisely dated widespread Late Pleistocene tephra markers. Specifically, layer G, Fa and C-II were correlated to the X-6 (108.7 ± 0.9 ka), Y-6 (45.5 ± 1.0 ka) and Campanian Ignimbrite (39.85 ± 0.14 ka), respectively. These findings provide robust chronological points allowing to conclude that: (i) the Mousterian occupation of the cave took place after the fall of the sea level following the MIS 5e high-stand; (ii) the Mousterian-Uluzzian boundary can be dated to 45.5 ± 1.0 ka and climatostratigraphically firmly placed at the transition between the Greenland Interstadial 12 (GI12)-Greenland Stadial 12 (GS12); (iii) the Uluzzian lasted for at least five millennial spanning the GS12-GI9 period and ended at beginning of the Heinrich Event 4. |
author2 |
Zanchetta, Giovanni Giaccio, Biagio Bini, Monica Sarti, Lucia |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Zanchetta, Giovanni Giaccio, Biagio Bini, Monica SARTI, LUCIA |
author_facet |
Zanchetta, Giovanni Giaccio, Biagio Bini, Monica SARTI, LUCIA |
author_sort |
Zanchetta, Giovanni |
title |
Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean |
title_short |
Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean |
title_full |
Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean |
title_fullStr |
Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tephrostratigraphy of Grotta del Cavallo, Southern Italy: Insights on the chronology of Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in the Mediterranean |
title_sort |
tephrostratigraphy of grotta del cavallo, southern italy: insights on the chronology of middle to upper palaeolithic transition in the mediterranean |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11568/899273 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379117305863 |
genre |
Greenland |
genre_facet |
Greenland |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000425200900005 volume:182 firstpage:65 lastpage:77 numberofpages:13 journal:QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS http://hdl.handle.net/11568/899273 doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85039980032 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277379117305863 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.12.014 |
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Quaternary Science Reviews |
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182 |
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65 |
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77 |
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