Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils.
Cryptoendolithic microbial communities, living in porous sandstone rocks in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (Ross Desert) of Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, were found within weathered pegmatite rocks in Northern Victoria Land, and the first endemic Antarctic fungal genus Friedmanniomyces endolithicus a...
Published in: | Italian Journal of Zoology |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
2000
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/11571/138165 https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 |
id |
ftunivpavia:oai:iris.unipv.it:11571/138165 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivpavia:oai:iris.unipv.it:11571/138165 2024-04-14T08:03:12+00:00 Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. ONOFRI Silvano FENICE Massimiliano CICALINI Anna Rita MAGRINO Anna PAGANO Sabina SELBMANN Laura ZUCCONI Laura VISHNIAC Helen OCAMPOFRIEDMANN Roseli FRIEDMANN E. Imre TOSI, SOLVEIG Onofri, Silvano Fenice, Massimiliano CICALINI Anna, Rita Tosi, Solveig Magrino, Anna Pagano, Sabina Selbmann, Laura Zucconi, Laura Vishniac, Helen Ocampofriedmann, Roseli FRIEDMANN E., Imre 2000 STAMPA http://hdl.handle.net/11571/138165 https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000089847600025 volume:67 firstpage:163 lastpage:167 numberofpages:5 journal:THE ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY http://hdl.handle.net/11571/138165 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-6744245562 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 Antarctic Antibiotic Chitinase Cryptoendolithic Microfungi Soil info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2000 ftunivpavia https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 2024-03-21T15:49:42Z Cryptoendolithic microbial communities, living in porous sandstone rocks in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (Ross Desert) of Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, were found within weathered pegmatite rocks in Northern Victoria Land, and the first endemic Antarctic fungal genus Friedmanniomyces endolithicus anam.- gen. and sp. nov. was isolated from this community. Selected microfungi from these communities and from soil were examined for the production of extracellular enzymes and antibiotic substances. The cryptoendolithic strain CCFEE 5001 was particularly remarkable for consistent glycosidase activity, coupled with barely detectable growth. Chitnase activity was highest in the soil microfungus Verticillium cfr. lecanii (CCFEE 5003). This strain and its purified chitinase were active on Mucor plumbeus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus versicolor, and Penicillium verrucosum, producing mycelial damage and cell lysis. The strain CCFEE 5020, isolated from rocks, showed antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas putida, Sarcina sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli, under the test conditions. Good antibiotic activity was produced in the temperature range of 5 degrees to 25 degrees C, pH 4.0, agitation at 700 rpm, and areation at 1.0 vvm, in media containing 0.5% substrate sugar, though this supported only minimal growth. The investigation of soil microfungi in contrasting sites at the BIOTAS area at Edmonson Point indicated that both the presence of bird colonies and changes in temperature and UV exposure obtained by using plastic cloches influenced species composition and density, A 'Culture Collection of Fungi from Extreme Environments' (CCFEE) has been established at the University of Tuscia, housing fungal strains from Antarctica. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land IRIS UNIPV (Università degli studi di Pavia) Antarctic Edmonson Point ENVELOPE(165.133,165.133,-74.333,-74.333) McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land Italian Journal of Zoology 67 sup1 163 167 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
IRIS UNIPV (Università degli studi di Pavia) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivpavia |
language |
English |
topic |
Antarctic Antibiotic Chitinase Cryptoendolithic Microfungi Soil |
spellingShingle |
Antarctic Antibiotic Chitinase Cryptoendolithic Microfungi Soil ONOFRI Silvano FENICE Massimiliano CICALINI Anna Rita MAGRINO Anna PAGANO Sabina SELBMANN Laura ZUCCONI Laura VISHNIAC Helen OCAMPOFRIEDMANN Roseli FRIEDMANN E. Imre TOSI, SOLVEIG Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. |
topic_facet |
Antarctic Antibiotic Chitinase Cryptoendolithic Microfungi Soil |
description |
Cryptoendolithic microbial communities, living in porous sandstone rocks in the McMurdo Dry Valleys (Ross Desert) of Southern Victoria Land, Antarctica, were found within weathered pegmatite rocks in Northern Victoria Land, and the first endemic Antarctic fungal genus Friedmanniomyces endolithicus anam.- gen. and sp. nov. was isolated from this community. Selected microfungi from these communities and from soil were examined for the production of extracellular enzymes and antibiotic substances. The cryptoendolithic strain CCFEE 5001 was particularly remarkable for consistent glycosidase activity, coupled with barely detectable growth. Chitnase activity was highest in the soil microfungus Verticillium cfr. lecanii (CCFEE 5003). This strain and its purified chitinase were active on Mucor plumbeus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Aspergillus versicolor, and Penicillium verrucosum, producing mycelial damage and cell lysis. The strain CCFEE 5020, isolated from rocks, showed antibiotic activity against Pseudomonas putida, Sarcina sp., Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli, under the test conditions. Good antibiotic activity was produced in the temperature range of 5 degrees to 25 degrees C, pH 4.0, agitation at 700 rpm, and areation at 1.0 vvm, in media containing 0.5% substrate sugar, though this supported only minimal growth. The investigation of soil microfungi in contrasting sites at the BIOTAS area at Edmonson Point indicated that both the presence of bird colonies and changes in temperature and UV exposure obtained by using plastic cloches influenced species composition and density, A 'Culture Collection of Fungi from Extreme Environments' (CCFEE) has been established at the University of Tuscia, housing fungal strains from Antarctica. |
author2 |
Onofri, Silvano Fenice, Massimiliano CICALINI Anna, Rita Tosi, Solveig Magrino, Anna Pagano, Sabina Selbmann, Laura Zucconi, Laura Vishniac, Helen Ocampofriedmann, Roseli FRIEDMANN E., Imre |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
ONOFRI Silvano FENICE Massimiliano CICALINI Anna Rita MAGRINO Anna PAGANO Sabina SELBMANN Laura ZUCCONI Laura VISHNIAC Helen OCAMPOFRIEDMANN Roseli FRIEDMANN E. Imre TOSI, SOLVEIG |
author_facet |
ONOFRI Silvano FENICE Massimiliano CICALINI Anna Rita MAGRINO Anna PAGANO Sabina SELBMANN Laura ZUCCONI Laura VISHNIAC Helen OCAMPOFRIEDMANN Roseli FRIEDMANN E. Imre TOSI, SOLVEIG |
author_sort |
ONOFRI Silvano |
title |
Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. |
title_short |
Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. |
title_full |
Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. |
title_fullStr |
Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecology and biology of microfungi from Antarctic rocks and soils. |
title_sort |
ecology and biology of microfungi from antarctic rocks and soils. |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11571/138165 https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(165.133,165.133,-74.333,-74.333) |
geographic |
Antarctic Edmonson Point McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Edmonson Point McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica McMurdo Dry Valleys Victoria Land |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000089847600025 volume:67 firstpage:163 lastpage:167 numberofpages:5 journal:THE ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY http://hdl.handle.net/11571/138165 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-6744245562 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/11250000009356372 |
container_title |
Italian Journal of Zoology |
container_volume |
67 |
container_issue |
sup1 |
container_start_page |
163 |
op_container_end_page |
167 |
_version_ |
1796299402630922240 |