Melt mixing and crystallization under Theistareykir, northeast Iceland

• Published in: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
• Main Authors: Maclennan, J., Mckenzie, D., Grönvold, K., Shimizu, N., Eiler, J. M., Kitchen, N.
• Other Authors: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPG Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2003
• Subjects: Iceland; basalt; mixing melt inclusion; oxygen isotopes; olivine; [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
• Online Access: https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03598407; https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03598407/document; https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03598407/file/Geochem%20Geophys%20Geosyst%20-%202003%20-%20Maclennan%20-%20Melt%20mixing%20and%20crystallization%20under%20Theistareykir%20northeast%20Iceland.pdf; https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GC000558

International audience Analysis of the compositions of crystals and melt inclusions from a suite of 40 gabbroic and wehrlitic nodules in a single eruptive body provides a record of concurrent mixing and crystallization of melts under NE Iceland. The crystals in the nodules have a similar range of compositions to those found as phenocrysts in the flow, and many of the nodules may have been generated by crystallization of a magma with a similar composition to that of the host flow. While plagioclase is only present in nodules where the average forsterite content of olivines is <Fo 88.5 , clinopyroxene is found in nodules with average olivine forsterite contents of up to Fo 91.6 . The order of crystallization ol → ol + cpx → ol + cpx + plg is consistent with generation of the nodules at pressures >0.8 GPa and is in agreement with estimates of crystallization pressures for the host basalt. The relationship between the compositional variability of melt inclusions and the forsterite content of the host olivine is revealed by REE analyses of over 120 melt inclusions. The degree of variability in REE concentrations and REE/Yb ratios decreases with falling forsterite content of the host olivine, as expected if melt mixing and fractional crystallization are operating together. The standard deviation of the REEs falls by a factor of ∼4 between Fo 90 and Fo 87 . This change in olivine composition can be produced by crystallization of 20% which occurs on cooling of ∼50°C. The relative rates of mixing, cooling and crystallization may provide constraints upon the dynamics of magma bodies. The oxygen isotopic composition of olivines from the nodules and phenocrysts is highly variable (δ 18 O from 3.3-5.2 per mil) and shows little correlation with the forsterite content of the olivine. The full range of oxygen isotope variation is present in olivines with Fo 89-90 , and the low δ 18 O signal is associated with melts of high Mg# and La/Yb. Such geochemical relationships cannot be produced by assimilation of low Mg# ...