Knowing Places. The Inuinnait, Landscapes and the Environment

• Main Author: Collignon, Béatrice
• Other Authors: Géographie-cités (GC (UMR_8504)), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), publié avec le concours du Ministère de la Culture - Centre national du livre (France) et du Conseil International pour les Etudes Canadiennes
• Format: Book
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2006
• Subjects: Inuit; Canada; Cultural Geography; Geographic Knowledge; Social Anthropology; Géographie culturelle; Savoir géographique; Savoirs vernaculaires; anthropologie sociale; [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography; [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology; Arctic; inuinnaqtun; inuit
• Online Access: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00258042

This book deals with the geographic knowledge of Inuit of the central Canadian Arctic, and explores the importance of the land in the construction of identity. It shows how Inuinnait geographic knowledge is a knowledge in action, and is best described as a holistic ‘wisdom of the land'. It involves a mix of practical skills such as orientation and meteorology, and of oral tradition: stories and place names told and remembered. Learning is accomplished through observation and experience, and by a careful attention to numerous stories. Place names describe features as seen and understood by specific people, in specific contexts and experiences related to life and travels on the land. Along with the stories of Inuit epics and family tales, they transform the wide expanses of the physical landscapes into ‘memoryscapes', inhabited by humans beings, animals, and spirits of all kinds. Inuinnait geographic knowledge is organized around three central concepts: relativity, connectivity and subjectivity, that also organize the social structure, and the Inuinnaqtun language. The book is organized into five chapters and two appendixes. A brief introduction is followed by a "vignette" which depicts daily life in the early 1990s. Chapter One gives a historical overview of Inuinnait social structure and seasonal movements throughout the 20th century. The second chapter identifies the various elements that comprise Inuinnait geographic knowledge. Chapter Three is dedicated to the interpretation of the 1,007 Inuinnait place names collected by the author in the early 1990s. Chapter Four describes the framework that organizes the Inuinnait geographic knowledge system and its dynamic. An Epilogue provides some insights about the outcome of the research. Two appendixes complete the book: a lexicon of the place-names collected with their English translation, and a detailed presentation of the scientific context of the research and methodology developed. The analysis also relies on twenty five original figures (maps and diagrams).