Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt
International audience During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to acco...
Published in: | Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2020
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308/document https://hal.science/hal-03458308/file/elementa.076.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Paris: Portail HAL |
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ftunivparis |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frederic Rontani, Jean-Francois Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
topic_facet |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
description |
International audience During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacterial activity. We further tested this hypothesis by analyzing samples of sea ice and sinking particles collected from May 18 to June 29, 2016, in western Baffin Bay as part of the Green Edge project. We applied a method not previously used in polar regions—quantitative PCR coupled to the propidium monoazide DNA-binding method—to evaluate the viability of bacteria associated with sympagic and sinking algae. We also measured cis-trans isomerase activity, known to indicate rapid bacterial response to salinity stress in culture studies, as well as free fatty acids known to be produced by algae as bactericidal compounds. The viability of sympagic-associated bacteria was strong in May (only approximately 10% mortality of total bacteria) and weaker in June (average mortality of 43%; maximum of 75%), with instances of elevated mortality in sinking particle samples across the time series (up to 72%). Short-term stress reflected by cis-trans isomerase activity was observed only in samples of sinking particles collected early in the time series. Following snow melt, however, and saturating levels of photosynthetically active radiation in June, we observed enhanced ice-algal production of bactericidal compounds (free palmitoleic acid; up to 4.8 mg L–1). We thus suggest that protection of sinking sympagic material from bacterial degradation early in a melt season results from low bacterial activity due to salinity stress, while later in the season, algal production of bactericidal compounds induces bacterial mortality. A succession of bacterial stressors during Arctic ice melt helps to explain the efficient export of sea-ice algal material to the seabed. |
author2 |
Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Takuvik International Research Laboratory Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frederic Rontani, Jean-Francois |
author_facet |
Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frederic Rontani, Jean-Francois |
author_sort |
Amiraux, Rémi |
title |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
title_short |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
title_full |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
title_fullStr |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
title_full_unstemmed |
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
title_sort |
stress factors resulting from the arctic vernal sea-ice melt |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308/document https://hal.science/hal-03458308/file/elementa.076.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 |
genre |
Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice |
op_source |
EISSN: 2325-1026 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene https://hal.science/hal-03458308 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 2020, 8 (1), ⟨10.1525/elementa.076⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1525/elementa.076 hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308/document https://hal.science/hal-03458308/file/elementa.076.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.076 WOS: WOS:000615210600018 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 |
container_title |
Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene |
container_volume |
8 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1799474375589625856 |
spelling |
ftunivparis:oai:HAL:hal-03458308v1 2024-05-19T07:35:35+00:00 Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt Amiraux, Rémi Burot, Christopher Bonin, Patricia Massé, Guillaume Guasco, Sophie Babin, Marcel Vaultier, Frederic Rontani, Jean-Francois Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Takuvik Joint International Laboratory ULAVAL-CNRS Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Takuvik International Research Laboratory Université Laval Québec (ULaval)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG) Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN) Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)) Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Sciences et Lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité) 2020-11-20 https://hal.science/hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308/document https://hal.science/hal-03458308/file/elementa.076.pdf https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 en eng HAL CCSD University of California Press info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1525/elementa.076 hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308 https://hal.science/hal-03458308/document https://hal.science/hal-03458308/file/elementa.076.pdf doi:10.1525/elementa.076 WOS: WOS:000615210600018 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess EISSN: 2325-1026 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene https://hal.science/hal-03458308 Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 2020, 8 (1), ⟨10.1525/elementa.076⟩ [SDE]Environmental Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftunivparis https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.076 2024-04-23T03:37:22Z International audience During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacterial activity. We further tested this hypothesis by analyzing samples of sea ice and sinking particles collected from May 18 to June 29, 2016, in western Baffin Bay as part of the Green Edge project. We applied a method not previously used in polar regions—quantitative PCR coupled to the propidium monoazide DNA-binding method—to evaluate the viability of bacteria associated with sympagic and sinking algae. We also measured cis-trans isomerase activity, known to indicate rapid bacterial response to salinity stress in culture studies, as well as free fatty acids known to be produced by algae as bactericidal compounds. The viability of sympagic-associated bacteria was strong in May (only approximately 10% mortality of total bacteria) and weaker in June (average mortality of 43%; maximum of 75%), with instances of elevated mortality in sinking particle samples across the time series (up to 72%). Short-term stress reflected by cis-trans isomerase activity was observed only in samples of sinking particles collected early in the time series. Following snow melt, however, and saturating levels of photosynthetically active radiation in June, we observed enhanced ice-algal production of bactericidal compounds (free palmitoleic acid; up to 4.8 mg L–1). We thus suggest that protection of sinking sympagic material from bacterial degradation early in a melt season results from low bacterial activity due to salinity stress, while later in the season, algal production of bactericidal compounds induces bacterial mortality. A succession of bacterial stressors during Arctic ice melt helps to explain the efficient export of sea-ice algal material to the seabed. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin ice algae Sea ice Université de Paris: Portail HAL Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene 8 1 |