Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems
Abstract Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation determines ground temperature, light conditions, and moisture availability during winter. It also affects the growing season’s start and end, and plant access to moisture and nutrients. Here, we review the...
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2022
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ftunivoulu:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe2022100360898 2023-07-30T04:01:51+02:00 Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems Rixen, C. (Christian) Høye, T. T. (Toke Thomas) Macek, P. (Petr) Aerts, R. (Rien) Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.) Anderson, J. T. (Jill T.) Arnold, P. A. (Pieter A.) Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C) Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.) Björkman, M. P. (Mats P.) Blok, D. (Daan) Blume-Werry, G. (Gesche) Boike, J. (Julia) Bokhorst, S. (Stef) Carbognani, M. (Michele) Christiansen, C. T. (Casper T.) Convey, P. (Peter) Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.) Cornelissen, J. H. (J. Hans C.) Coulson, S. J. (Stephen J.) Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen) Elberling, B. (Bo) Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah C.) Elphinstone, C. (Cassandra) Forte, T. G. (T’ai G.W.) Frei, E. R. (Esther R.) Geange, S. R. (Sonya R.) Gehrmann, F. (Friederike) Gibson, C. (Casey) Grogan, P. (Paul) Halbritter, A. H. (Aud Helen) Harte, J. (John) Henry, G. H. (Gregory H.R.) Inouye, D. W. (David W.) Irwin, R. E. (Rebecca E.) Jespersen, G. (Gus) Jónsdóttir, I. S. (Ingibjörg Svala) Jung, J. Y. (Ji Young) Klinges, D. H. (David H.) Kudo, G. (Gaku) Lämsä, J. (Juho) Lee, H. (Hanna) Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.) Lett, S. (Signe) Lynn, J. S. (Joshua Scott) Mann, H. M. (Hjalte M.R.) Mastepanov, M. (Mikhail) Morse, J. (Jennifer) Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.) Olofsson, J. (Johan) Paavola, R. (Riku) Petraglia, A. (Alessandro) Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.) Semenchuk, P. (Philipp) Siewert, M. B. (Matthias B.) Slatyer, R. (Rachel) Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.) Suding, K. (Katharine) Sullivan, P. (Patrick) Thompson, K. L. (Kimberly L.) Väisänen, M. (Maria) Vandvik, V. (Vigdis) Venn, S. (Susanna) Walz, J. (Josefine) Way, R. (Robert) Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.) Wipf, S. (Sonja) Zong, S. (Shengwei) 2022 application/pdf http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022100360898 eng eng Canadian Science Publishing info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © 2022 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ITEX ground temperatures review snow experiments tundra info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 ftunivoulu 2023-07-08T20:00:22Z Abstract Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation determines ground temperature, light conditions, and moisture availability during winter. It also affects the growing season’s start and end, and plant access to moisture and nutrients. Here, we review the current knowledge of the snow cover’s role for vegetation, plant-animal interactions, permafrost conditions, microbial processes, and biogeochemical cycling. We also compare studies of natural snow gradients with snow experimental manipulation studies to assess time scale difference of these approaches. The number of tundra snow studies has increased considerably in recent years, yet we still lack a comprehensive overview of how altered snow conditions will affect these ecosystems. Specifically, we found a mismatch in the timing of snowmelt when comparing studies of natural snow gradients with snow manipulations. We found that snowmelt timing achieved by snow addition and snow removal manipulations (average 7.9 days advance and 5.5 days delay, respectively) were substantially lower than the temporal variation over natural spatial gradients within a given year (mean range 56 days) or among years (mean range 32 days). Differences between snow study approaches need to be accounted for when projecting snow dynamics and their impact on ecosystems in future climates. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic permafrost Tundra Jultika - University of Oulu repository Arctic |
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Jultika - University of Oulu repository |
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ftunivoulu |
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English |
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ITEX ground temperatures review snow experiments tundra |
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ITEX ground temperatures review snow experiments tundra Rixen, C. (Christian) Høye, T. T. (Toke Thomas) Macek, P. (Petr) Aerts, R. (Rien) Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.) Anderson, J. T. (Jill T.) Arnold, P. A. (Pieter A.) Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C) Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.) Björkman, M. P. (Mats P.) Blok, D. (Daan) Blume-Werry, G. (Gesche) Boike, J. (Julia) Bokhorst, S. (Stef) Carbognani, M. (Michele) Christiansen, C. T. (Casper T.) Convey, P. (Peter) Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.) Cornelissen, J. H. (J. Hans C.) Coulson, S. J. (Stephen J.) Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen) Elberling, B. (Bo) Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah C.) Elphinstone, C. (Cassandra) Forte, T. G. (T’ai G.W.) Frei, E. R. (Esther R.) Geange, S. R. (Sonya R.) Gehrmann, F. (Friederike) Gibson, C. (Casey) Grogan, P. (Paul) Halbritter, A. H. (Aud Helen) Harte, J. (John) Henry, G. H. (Gregory H.R.) Inouye, D. W. (David W.) Irwin, R. E. (Rebecca E.) Jespersen, G. (Gus) Jónsdóttir, I. S. (Ingibjörg Svala) Jung, J. Y. (Ji Young) Klinges, D. H. (David H.) Kudo, G. (Gaku) Lämsä, J. (Juho) Lee, H. (Hanna) Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.) Lett, S. (Signe) Lynn, J. S. (Joshua Scott) Mann, H. M. (Hjalte M.R.) Mastepanov, M. (Mikhail) Morse, J. (Jennifer) Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.) Olofsson, J. (Johan) Paavola, R. (Riku) Petraglia, A. (Alessandro) Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.) Semenchuk, P. (Philipp) Siewert, M. B. (Matthias B.) Slatyer, R. (Rachel) Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.) Suding, K. (Katharine) Sullivan, P. (Patrick) Thompson, K. L. (Kimberly L.) Väisänen, M. (Maria) Vandvik, V. (Vigdis) Venn, S. (Susanna) Walz, J. (Josefine) Way, R. (Robert) Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.) Wipf, S. (Sonja) Zong, S. (Shengwei) Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
topic_facet |
ITEX ground temperatures review snow experiments tundra |
description |
Abstract Snow is an important driver of ecosystem processes in cold biomes. Snow accumulation determines ground temperature, light conditions, and moisture availability during winter. It also affects the growing season’s start and end, and plant access to moisture and nutrients. Here, we review the current knowledge of the snow cover’s role for vegetation, plant-animal interactions, permafrost conditions, microbial processes, and biogeochemical cycling. We also compare studies of natural snow gradients with snow experimental manipulation studies to assess time scale difference of these approaches. The number of tundra snow studies has increased considerably in recent years, yet we still lack a comprehensive overview of how altered snow conditions will affect these ecosystems. Specifically, we found a mismatch in the timing of snowmelt when comparing studies of natural snow gradients with snow manipulations. We found that snowmelt timing achieved by snow addition and snow removal manipulations (average 7.9 days advance and 5.5 days delay, respectively) were substantially lower than the temporal variation over natural spatial gradients within a given year (mean range 56 days) or among years (mean range 32 days). Differences between snow study approaches need to be accounted for when projecting snow dynamics and their impact on ecosystems in future climates. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Rixen, C. (Christian) Høye, T. T. (Toke Thomas) Macek, P. (Petr) Aerts, R. (Rien) Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.) Anderson, J. T. (Jill T.) Arnold, P. A. (Pieter A.) Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C) Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.) Björkman, M. P. (Mats P.) Blok, D. (Daan) Blume-Werry, G. (Gesche) Boike, J. (Julia) Bokhorst, S. (Stef) Carbognani, M. (Michele) Christiansen, C. T. (Casper T.) Convey, P. (Peter) Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.) Cornelissen, J. H. (J. Hans C.) Coulson, S. J. (Stephen J.) Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen) Elberling, B. (Bo) Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah C.) Elphinstone, C. (Cassandra) Forte, T. G. (T’ai G.W.) Frei, E. R. (Esther R.) Geange, S. R. (Sonya R.) Gehrmann, F. (Friederike) Gibson, C. (Casey) Grogan, P. (Paul) Halbritter, A. H. (Aud Helen) Harte, J. (John) Henry, G. H. (Gregory H.R.) Inouye, D. W. (David W.) Irwin, R. E. (Rebecca E.) Jespersen, G. (Gus) Jónsdóttir, I. S. (Ingibjörg Svala) Jung, J. Y. (Ji Young) Klinges, D. H. (David H.) Kudo, G. (Gaku) Lämsä, J. (Juho) Lee, H. (Hanna) Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.) Lett, S. (Signe) Lynn, J. S. (Joshua Scott) Mann, H. M. (Hjalte M.R.) Mastepanov, M. (Mikhail) Morse, J. (Jennifer) Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.) Olofsson, J. (Johan) Paavola, R. (Riku) Petraglia, A. (Alessandro) Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.) Semenchuk, P. (Philipp) Siewert, M. B. (Matthias B.) Slatyer, R. (Rachel) Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.) Suding, K. (Katharine) Sullivan, P. (Patrick) Thompson, K. L. (Kimberly L.) Väisänen, M. (Maria) Vandvik, V. (Vigdis) Venn, S. (Susanna) Walz, J. (Josefine) Way, R. (Robert) Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.) Wipf, S. (Sonja) Zong, S. (Shengwei) |
author_facet |
Rixen, C. (Christian) Høye, T. T. (Toke Thomas) Macek, P. (Petr) Aerts, R. (Rien) Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.) Anderson, J. T. (Jill T.) Arnold, P. A. (Pieter A.) Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C) Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.) Björkman, M. P. (Mats P.) Blok, D. (Daan) Blume-Werry, G. (Gesche) Boike, J. (Julia) Bokhorst, S. (Stef) Carbognani, M. (Michele) Christiansen, C. T. (Casper T.) Convey, P. (Peter) Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.) Cornelissen, J. H. (J. Hans C.) Coulson, S. J. (Stephen J.) Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen) Elberling, B. (Bo) Elmendorf, S. C. (Sarah C.) Elphinstone, C. (Cassandra) Forte, T. G. (T’ai G.W.) Frei, E. R. (Esther R.) Geange, S. R. (Sonya R.) Gehrmann, F. (Friederike) Gibson, C. (Casey) Grogan, P. (Paul) Halbritter, A. H. (Aud Helen) Harte, J. (John) Henry, G. H. (Gregory H.R.) Inouye, D. W. (David W.) Irwin, R. E. (Rebecca E.) Jespersen, G. (Gus) Jónsdóttir, I. S. (Ingibjörg Svala) Jung, J. Y. (Ji Young) Klinges, D. H. (David H.) Kudo, G. (Gaku) Lämsä, J. (Juho) Lee, H. (Hanna) Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.) Lett, S. (Signe) Lynn, J. S. (Joshua Scott) Mann, H. M. (Hjalte M.R.) Mastepanov, M. (Mikhail) Morse, J. (Jennifer) Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.) Olofsson, J. (Johan) Paavola, R. (Riku) Petraglia, A. (Alessandro) Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.) Semenchuk, P. (Philipp) Siewert, M. B. (Matthias B.) Slatyer, R. (Rachel) Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.) Suding, K. (Katharine) Sullivan, P. (Patrick) Thompson, K. L. (Kimberly L.) Väisänen, M. (Maria) Vandvik, V. (Vigdis) Venn, S. (Susanna) Walz, J. (Josefine) Way, R. (Robert) Welker, J. M. (Jeffrey M.) Wipf, S. (Sonja) Zong, S. (Shengwei) |
author_sort |
Rixen, C. (Christian) |
title |
Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
title_short |
Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
title_full |
Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Winters are changing:snow effects on Arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
title_sort |
winters are changing:snow effects on arctic and alpine tundra ecosystems |
publisher |
Canadian Science Publishing |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022100360898 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic permafrost Tundra |
genre_facet |
Arctic permafrost Tundra |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © 2022 The Author(s). This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
_version_ |
1772812595599769600 |