Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment
Abstract The International Magnetospheric Study (IMS) took place from 1977 to 1979. An objective was to study the magnetosphere at different heights on the Earth and in space simultaneously. The Scandinavian Magnetometer Array (SMA), where a dense magnetometer array was placed in the northern part o...
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ftunivoulu:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe2022061045586 2023-07-30T04:04:40+02:00 Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment Kärhä, O. (O.) Tanskanen, E. I. (E. I.) 2022 application/pdf http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022061045586 eng eng American Geophysical Union info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © 2022. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Scandinavian magnetometer array digitization magnetic storm magnetogram magnetometer substorm info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2022 ftunivoulu 2023-07-08T19:59:14Z Abstract The International Magnetospheric Study (IMS) took place from 1977 to 1979. An objective was to study the magnetosphere at different heights on the Earth and in space simultaneously. The Scandinavian Magnetometer Array (SMA), where a dense magnetometer array was placed in the northern part of Scandinavia, was part of the IMS. This array extended 1,570 km in north-south and 1,290 km in east-west directions. The SMA-magnetometers contained a camera with 35 mm film and three wire-suspended magnets. These instruments recorded the movement of the magnets optically on the film. The usability of the SMA data has been limited by time-consuming digitization by hand. Thus, most of the recordings has been left nondigitized and unstudied. We have developed a method, named DigiMAG, to digitize the SMA recordings by using a custom-built device. This article presents the high-latitude dynamics of the strongest magnetic storm in 1977 between October 26 and 30. We analyze newly digitized data from Rostadalen (ROS), Evenes (EVE), Ritsemjokk (RIJ), and Kiruna (KIR) stations for the three storm-time substorms on October 26–29, 1977. The results show that in the vicinity of the 65° latitude, the storm-time differences of horizontal magnetic components can exceed 500 nT. During the recovery phase of a substorm, 2.8 nT km⁻¹ difference arises over a distance of 167 km between the H-component time derivatives of ROS and RIJ stations in 3 minutes. Article in Journal/Newspaper Kiruna Jultika - University of Oulu repository Kiruna Evenes ENVELOPE(16.699,16.699,68.460,68.460) Rostadalen ENVELOPE(19.955,19.955,68.945,68.945) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Jultika - University of Oulu repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivoulu |
language |
English |
topic |
Scandinavian magnetometer array digitization magnetic storm magnetogram magnetometer substorm |
spellingShingle |
Scandinavian magnetometer array digitization magnetic storm magnetogram magnetometer substorm Kärhä, O. (O.) Tanskanen, E. I. (E. I.) Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
topic_facet |
Scandinavian magnetometer array digitization magnetic storm magnetogram magnetometer substorm |
description |
Abstract The International Magnetospheric Study (IMS) took place from 1977 to 1979. An objective was to study the magnetosphere at different heights on the Earth and in space simultaneously. The Scandinavian Magnetometer Array (SMA), where a dense magnetometer array was placed in the northern part of Scandinavia, was part of the IMS. This array extended 1,570 km in north-south and 1,290 km in east-west directions. The SMA-magnetometers contained a camera with 35 mm film and three wire-suspended magnets. These instruments recorded the movement of the magnets optically on the film. The usability of the SMA data has been limited by time-consuming digitization by hand. Thus, most of the recordings has been left nondigitized and unstudied. We have developed a method, named DigiMAG, to digitize the SMA recordings by using a custom-built device. This article presents the high-latitude dynamics of the strongest magnetic storm in 1977 between October 26 and 30. We analyze newly digitized data from Rostadalen (ROS), Evenes (EVE), Ritsemjokk (RIJ), and Kiruna (KIR) stations for the three storm-time substorms on October 26–29, 1977. The results show that in the vicinity of the 65° latitude, the storm-time differences of horizontal magnetic components can exceed 500 nT. During the recovery phase of a substorm, 2.8 nT km⁻¹ difference arises over a distance of 167 km between the H-component time derivatives of ROS and RIJ stations in 3 minutes. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kärhä, O. (O.) Tanskanen, E. I. (E. I.) |
author_facet |
Kärhä, O. (O.) Tanskanen, E. I. (E. I.) |
author_sort |
Kärhä, O. (O.) |
title |
Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
title_short |
Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
title_full |
Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
title_fullStr |
Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Newly digitized data from Scandinavian Magnetometer Array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
title_sort |
newly digitized data from scandinavian magnetometer array network shows large regional differences in magnetic environment |
publisher |
American Geophysical Union |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2022061045586 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(16.699,16.699,68.460,68.460) ENVELOPE(19.955,19.955,68.945,68.945) |
geographic |
Kiruna Evenes Rostadalen |
geographic_facet |
Kiruna Evenes Rostadalen |
genre |
Kiruna |
genre_facet |
Kiruna |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © 2022. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
_version_ |
1772816241259446272 |