Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north
Abstract The most sustainable method for treating sewage sludge depends strongly on the situation and local circumstances. In sparsely populated northerly areas are demanding boundary conditions, e.g. cold and long winter, long transport distances and low amounts of generated sludge. In this study,...
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ftunivoulu:oai:oulu.fi:nbnfi-fe2018051424032 2023-07-30T04:05:49+02:00 Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north Piippo, S. (Sari) Lauronen, M. (Maria) Postila, H. (Heini) 2018 application/pdf http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2018051424032 eng eng Elsevier info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0959-6526 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1879-1786 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959652617332225-mmc1.xlsx info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Calculator Carbon dioxide equivalent Greenhouse gas emissions North Sewage sludge treatment info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 2018 ftunivoulu 2023-07-08T19:56:17Z Abstract The most sustainable method for treating sewage sludge depends strongly on the situation and local circumstances. In sparsely populated northerly areas are demanding boundary conditions, e.g. cold and long winter, long transport distances and low amounts of generated sludge. In this study, commonly used calculators and emissions coefficients for calculating the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sewage sludge treatment methods were assessed to create a calculator suitable for the Northern Finland context. The calculator was then used to determine which sewage sludge treatment method (composting, anaerobic digestion (AD), incineration (with and without thermal drying)) resulted in the lowest emissions of the GHG gases in different situations in Northern Finland. GHG gases included carbon dioxide (CO₂; including biobased), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), measured as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂eq). According to the calculator, AD generated the least CO₂eq emissions of all treatment methods studied. The second best option was incineration of sludge without thermal drying, while the third best was composting or incineration of sludge after thermal drying with e.g. fossil or other fuels. Most of the emissions were generated from the treatment process itself and the share of emissions generated during transport was minimal, despite the long transport distances when all CO₂ emissions (incl. biobased) were considered. The role of users of the end-products and the possibility to use the CO₂ generated were highly important when considering environmental perspective. These results can be utilised when selecting the locally most suitable method. In future, some of the treatment methods (i.e. AD, incineration) with CO₂ capture could be considered carbon sinks, as they also remove biobased CO₂ emissions. Article in Journal/Newspaper Northern Finland Jultika - University of Oulu repository |
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Jultika - University of Oulu repository |
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language |
English |
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Calculator Carbon dioxide equivalent Greenhouse gas emissions North Sewage sludge treatment |
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Calculator Carbon dioxide equivalent Greenhouse gas emissions North Sewage sludge treatment Piippo, S. (Sari) Lauronen, M. (Maria) Postila, H. (Heini) Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
topic_facet |
Calculator Carbon dioxide equivalent Greenhouse gas emissions North Sewage sludge treatment |
description |
Abstract The most sustainable method for treating sewage sludge depends strongly on the situation and local circumstances. In sparsely populated northerly areas are demanding boundary conditions, e.g. cold and long winter, long transport distances and low amounts of generated sludge. In this study, commonly used calculators and emissions coefficients for calculating the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from sewage sludge treatment methods were assessed to create a calculator suitable for the Northern Finland context. The calculator was then used to determine which sewage sludge treatment method (composting, anaerobic digestion (AD), incineration (with and without thermal drying)) resulted in the lowest emissions of the GHG gases in different situations in Northern Finland. GHG gases included carbon dioxide (CO₂; including biobased), methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), measured as carbon dioxide equivalents (CO₂eq). According to the calculator, AD generated the least CO₂eq emissions of all treatment methods studied. The second best option was incineration of sludge without thermal drying, while the third best was composting or incineration of sludge after thermal drying with e.g. fossil or other fuels. Most of the emissions were generated from the treatment process itself and the share of emissions generated during transport was minimal, despite the long transport distances when all CO₂ emissions (incl. biobased) were considered. The role of users of the end-products and the possibility to use the CO₂ generated were highly important when considering environmental perspective. These results can be utilised when selecting the locally most suitable method. In future, some of the treatment methods (i.e. AD, incineration) with CO₂ capture could be considered carbon sinks, as they also remove biobased CO₂ emissions. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Piippo, S. (Sari) Lauronen, M. (Maria) Postila, H. (Heini) |
author_facet |
Piippo, S. (Sari) Lauronen, M. (Maria) Postila, H. (Heini) |
author_sort |
Piippo, S. (Sari) |
title |
Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
title_short |
Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
title_full |
Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
title_fullStr |
Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
title_sort |
greenhouse gas emissions from different sewage sludge treatment methods in north |
publisher |
Elsevier |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
http://urn.fi/urn:nbn:fi-fe2018051424032 |
genre |
Northern Finland |
genre_facet |
Northern Finland |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0959-6526 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1879-1786 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/url/https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0959652617332225-mmc1.xlsx |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http:/creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
_version_ |
1772817992138096640 |