Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes
Abstract Illegal killing of wolves (hereinafter ’wolf poaching’) in human-inhabited areas where wolves are also legally harvested is a special case of wildlife crime. This doctoral thesis examines wolf poaching in Finland and Sweden from the ecological perspective. In the first paper, we examined th...
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Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | English |
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Oulun yliopisto
2019
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Online Access: | http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526222271 |
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ftunivoulu:oai:oulu.fi:isbn978-952-62-2227-1 2023-07-30T04:02:52+02:00 Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes Suutarinen, J. (Johanna) Kojola, I. (Ilpo) Aspi, J. (Jouni) Sand, H. (Håkan) 2019-04-23 application/pdf http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526222271 eng eng Oulun yliopisto info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0355-3191 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1796-220X info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © University of Oulu, 2019 carnivore conflict game management population ecology wildlife crime luonnonvaraiset eläimet luonnonvararikokset populaatioekologia riistakannat rikokset salametsästys suurpedot Canis lupus info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2019 ftunivoulu 2023-07-08T19:57:20Z Abstract Illegal killing of wolves (hereinafter ’wolf poaching’) in human-inhabited areas where wolves are also legally harvested is a special case of wildlife crime. This doctoral thesis examines wolf poaching in Finland and Sweden from the ecological perspective. In the first paper, we examined the causes of mortality among collared Finnish wolves and the role of estimated poaching rates on population changes. The second paper related the likelihood of being poached to covariates expressing different dimensions of the wolf conflict at two spatial scales (territory and country level) in Finland. Third paper turns the focus to Sweden, where we examined the disappearances of adult wolves in relation to population size, legal harvest and inbreeding. The first two studies were done in collaboration with the Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) and the third with the Scandinavian wolf research project SKANDULV. Poaching outnumbered other causes of death. Most poaching cases were unverified. Other causes of death were legal harvest, traffic and natural mortalities. Both populations had a relatively high number of wolves with unknown fates. Inbreeding was not related to the disappearances of adult wolves in Sweden. Remoteness to human inhabitation and the detectability of the wolves from the forest roads (road crossings by wolves) increased the likelihood of poaching in Finland. Adult wolves suffered high risk of poaching in both populations. Risk was highest in early spring in Finland. Larger population size increased and the number of legally harvested wolves decreased poaching in both countries. Poaching seemed to limit the study populations despite the management efforts that used legal hunting as a tool to increase tolerance towards wolves. Tiivistelmä Suden ja ihmisen rinnakkainelo johtaa konflikteihin, joiden lievittämiseksi susikantoja rajoitetaan usein luvallisella metsästyksellä. Suteen kohdistuu lisäksi laitonta tappamista eli salametsästystä. Tämä väitöstutkimus selvittää salametsästyksen ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Canis lupus Jultika - University of Oulu repository Luke ENVELOPE(-94.855,-94.855,56.296,56.296) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Jultika - University of Oulu repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivoulu |
language |
English |
topic |
carnivore conflict game management population ecology wildlife crime luonnonvaraiset eläimet luonnonvararikokset populaatioekologia riistakannat rikokset salametsästys suurpedot Canis lupus |
spellingShingle |
carnivore conflict game management population ecology wildlife crime luonnonvaraiset eläimet luonnonvararikokset populaatioekologia riistakannat rikokset salametsästys suurpedot Canis lupus Suutarinen, J. (Johanna) Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
topic_facet |
carnivore conflict game management population ecology wildlife crime luonnonvaraiset eläimet luonnonvararikokset populaatioekologia riistakannat rikokset salametsästys suurpedot Canis lupus |
description |
Abstract Illegal killing of wolves (hereinafter ’wolf poaching’) in human-inhabited areas where wolves are also legally harvested is a special case of wildlife crime. This doctoral thesis examines wolf poaching in Finland and Sweden from the ecological perspective. In the first paper, we examined the causes of mortality among collared Finnish wolves and the role of estimated poaching rates on population changes. The second paper related the likelihood of being poached to covariates expressing different dimensions of the wolf conflict at two spatial scales (territory and country level) in Finland. Third paper turns the focus to Sweden, where we examined the disappearances of adult wolves in relation to population size, legal harvest and inbreeding. The first two studies were done in collaboration with the Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke) and the third with the Scandinavian wolf research project SKANDULV. Poaching outnumbered other causes of death. Most poaching cases were unverified. Other causes of death were legal harvest, traffic and natural mortalities. Both populations had a relatively high number of wolves with unknown fates. Inbreeding was not related to the disappearances of adult wolves in Sweden. Remoteness to human inhabitation and the detectability of the wolves from the forest roads (road crossings by wolves) increased the likelihood of poaching in Finland. Adult wolves suffered high risk of poaching in both populations. Risk was highest in early spring in Finland. Larger population size increased and the number of legally harvested wolves decreased poaching in both countries. Poaching seemed to limit the study populations despite the management efforts that used legal hunting as a tool to increase tolerance towards wolves. Tiivistelmä Suden ja ihmisen rinnakkainelo johtaa konflikteihin, joiden lievittämiseksi susikantoja rajoitetaan usein luvallisella metsästyksellä. Suteen kohdistuu lisäksi laitonta tappamista eli salametsästystä. Tämä väitöstutkimus selvittää salametsästyksen ... |
author2 |
Kojola, I. (Ilpo) Aspi, J. (Jouni) Sand, H. (Håkan) |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Suutarinen, J. (Johanna) |
author_facet |
Suutarinen, J. (Johanna) |
author_sort |
Suutarinen, J. (Johanna) |
title |
Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
title_short |
Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
title_full |
Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
title_fullStr |
Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
title_sort |
ecology of lawbreaking:effects of poaching on legally harvested wolf populations in human-dominated landscapes |
publisher |
Oulun yliopisto |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526222271 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-94.855,-94.855,56.296,56.296) |
geographic |
Luke |
geographic_facet |
Luke |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0355-3191 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1796-220X |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © University of Oulu, 2019 |
_version_ |
1772813708172460032 |