’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland
Abstract New forms of environmental governance are implemented with promises associated with more flexible and participatory decision-making. However, resistance towards these ways of doing decisions occurs also in relation to forests in northern Finland. This thesis seeks to explain this resistance...
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Language: | English |
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Oulun yliopisto
2011
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ftunivoulu:oai:oulu.fi:isbn978-951-42-9693-2 2023-07-30T04:04:30+02:00 ’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland Sarkki, S. (Simo) Heikkinen, H. (Hannu I.) Nuttall, M. (Mark) Hiedanpää, J. (Juha) 2011-12-12 application/pdf http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514296932 eng eng Oulun yliopisto info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0355-3205 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1796-2218 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © University of Oulu, 2011 ENGOs applied environmental anthropology commercial forests local livelihoods multi-level environmental governance participation protected areas monikerroksinen ympäristöhallinta osallistuminen paikalliset elinkeinot soveltava ympäristöantropologia suojelualueet talousmetsät ympäristöjärjestöt info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion 2011 ftunivoulu 2023-07-08T20:01:37Z Abstract New forms of environmental governance are implemented with promises associated with more flexible and participatory decision-making. However, resistance towards these ways of doing decisions occurs also in relation to forests in northern Finland. This thesis seeks to explain this resistance and to discuss how participation in the context of multi-level environmental governance can be enhanced. A combination of anthropological fieldwork methods and concepts from environmental politics is used to create a bottom-up research strategy to examine forest governance. Based on theme interviews, planning documents and press releases of various actors, this thesis identifies problems for hybrid forest governance modes, which combine State, market, and civil society actors in decision-making processes. Based on selected topical case studies regarding state-owned commercial forests in Inari, Forest Lapland, Muonio, and Liperinsuo three different governance modes are identified: a State-based mode with a participatory dimension and two ‘pressure’ modes taking place via market-based campaigns of environmental NGOs and local protests. Concerning the protected areas, namely Malla Strict Nature Reserve and the Pallas-Ylläs and Oulanka national parks, one governance mode is identified as taking place on the vertical park managements — international conservation agencies — local resource users axis. A major explanation for resistance towards the different governance modes is that decision-making processes neglect site-specifics. Related problems include missing stakeholders, lack of site-specific discussions in planning processes, generalised concepts used in standardisation practices, engagement of ‘faraway’ stakeholders in decision processes, and lack of transparency. As a result, ‘the site strikes back’ responses, i.e. pressure campaigns, protests, opposition, and rumours have emerged. In order to mitigate resistance, this thesis proposes ways to enhance participation and deliberation in forest governance. However, the ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Inari Muonio Northern Finland Lapland Jultika - University of Oulu repository Faraway ENVELOPE(-28.763,-28.763,-79.200,-79.200) Inari ENVELOPE(27.029,27.029,68.906,68.906) Malla ENVELOPE(20.233,20.233,68.826,68.826) Muonio ENVELOPE(23.833,23.833,67.833,67.833) Oulanka ENVELOPE(28.986,28.986,66.455,66.455) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Jultika - University of Oulu repository |
op_collection_id |
ftunivoulu |
language |
English |
topic |
ENGOs applied environmental anthropology commercial forests local livelihoods multi-level environmental governance participation protected areas monikerroksinen ympäristöhallinta osallistuminen paikalliset elinkeinot soveltava ympäristöantropologia suojelualueet talousmetsät ympäristöjärjestöt |
spellingShingle |
ENGOs applied environmental anthropology commercial forests local livelihoods multi-level environmental governance participation protected areas monikerroksinen ympäristöhallinta osallistuminen paikalliset elinkeinot soveltava ympäristöantropologia suojelualueet talousmetsät ympäristöjärjestöt Sarkki, S. (Simo) ’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland |
topic_facet |
ENGOs applied environmental anthropology commercial forests local livelihoods multi-level environmental governance participation protected areas monikerroksinen ympäristöhallinta osallistuminen paikalliset elinkeinot soveltava ympäristöantropologia suojelualueet talousmetsät ympäristöjärjestöt |
description |
Abstract New forms of environmental governance are implemented with promises associated with more flexible and participatory decision-making. However, resistance towards these ways of doing decisions occurs also in relation to forests in northern Finland. This thesis seeks to explain this resistance and to discuss how participation in the context of multi-level environmental governance can be enhanced. A combination of anthropological fieldwork methods and concepts from environmental politics is used to create a bottom-up research strategy to examine forest governance. Based on theme interviews, planning documents and press releases of various actors, this thesis identifies problems for hybrid forest governance modes, which combine State, market, and civil society actors in decision-making processes. Based on selected topical case studies regarding state-owned commercial forests in Inari, Forest Lapland, Muonio, and Liperinsuo three different governance modes are identified: a State-based mode with a participatory dimension and two ‘pressure’ modes taking place via market-based campaigns of environmental NGOs and local protests. Concerning the protected areas, namely Malla Strict Nature Reserve and the Pallas-Ylläs and Oulanka national parks, one governance mode is identified as taking place on the vertical park managements — international conservation agencies — local resource users axis. A major explanation for resistance towards the different governance modes is that decision-making processes neglect site-specifics. Related problems include missing stakeholders, lack of site-specific discussions in planning processes, generalised concepts used in standardisation practices, engagement of ‘faraway’ stakeholders in decision processes, and lack of transparency. As a result, ‘the site strikes back’ responses, i.e. pressure campaigns, protests, opposition, and rumours have emerged. In order to mitigate resistance, this thesis proposes ways to enhance participation and deliberation in forest governance. However, the ... |
author2 |
Heikkinen, H. (Hannu I.) Nuttall, M. (Mark) Hiedanpää, J. (Juha) |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Sarkki, S. (Simo) |
author_facet |
Sarkki, S. (Simo) |
author_sort |
Sarkki, S. (Simo) |
title |
’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland |
title_short |
’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland |
title_full |
’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland |
title_fullStr |
’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland |
title_full_unstemmed |
’The site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern Finland |
title_sort |
’the site strikes back’: multi-level forest governance and participation in northern finland |
publisher |
Oulun yliopisto |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514296932 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-28.763,-28.763,-79.200,-79.200) ENVELOPE(27.029,27.029,68.906,68.906) ENVELOPE(20.233,20.233,68.826,68.826) ENVELOPE(23.833,23.833,67.833,67.833) ENVELOPE(28.986,28.986,66.455,66.455) |
geographic |
Faraway Inari Malla Muonio Oulanka |
geographic_facet |
Faraway Inari Malla Muonio Oulanka |
genre |
Inari Muonio Northern Finland Lapland |
genre_facet |
Inari Muonio Northern Finland Lapland |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0355-3205 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1796-2218 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess © University of Oulu, 2011 |
_version_ |
1772815992994398208 |