| Summary: | Abstract Coronary heart disease (CHD), a manifestation of atherosclerosis, is the leading single cause of death in Finland. CHD is affected by numerous genetic and environmental factors, their combined effects and interactions between them. Low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and the most common dyslipidemia associated with early onset CHD, but the mechanisms regulating HDL-C levels and protecting from atherosclerosis are still not completely understood. Adiponectin is a hormone that is secreted by adipose tissue and has several anti-atherosclerotic effects. There is multiple evidence suggesting that adiponectin could protect against CHD via positive effects on HDL metabolism. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic growth factor that has a potentially conflicting role in atherosclerosis; it may have protecting or predisposing effects. The objective of this thesis was to study the genetic background of HDL-C regulation and atherosclerosis. Three studies were executed using extended families with CHD or case-control setting, with samples collected from Northern Finland. In the first study, seven chromosomal regions showing suggestive evidence of linkage were identified for HDL-C regulation, using genome-wide linkage approach. In the second study, we found a strong correlation between HDL-C and adiponectin, but failed to show evidence of a shared genetic background. However, a genetic correlation between adiponectin and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was revealed. We also studied the genetic regulation of adiponectin, and for the first time its most active form, high-molecular weight adiponectin, and found suggestive evidence of linkage to three chromosomal regions. In the third study, it was discovered that the studied VEGF gene polymorphisms did not have a major effect on atherosclerosis quantified as carotid intima-media thickness or the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This thesis presents potential regions for the genetic ...
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