Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea
Between 1965 and 1988, 16 naval reactor vessels were dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea. Six of the vessels contained spent nuclear fuel that had been damaged during accidents. In addition, a container holding {approximately} 60% of the damaged fuel from the No. 2 reactor of the atomic icebreaker Lenin w...
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Brookhaven National Laboratory
1996
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ftunivnotexas:info:ark/67531/metadc703538 2023-05-15T14:54:19+02:00 Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea Heiser, J. H. Cowgill, M. G. Sivintsev, Y. V. Alexandrov, V. P. Dyer, R. S. United States. Environmental Protection Agency. 1996-10-07 3 pages Text http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc703538/ English eng Brookhaven National Laboratory rep-no: BNL--67334 rep-no: EW4040500 grantno: AC02-98CH10886 osti: 757138 http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc703538/ ark: ark:/67531/metadc703538 RADOC1996, Cherbough-Octeiville (FR), 10/07/1996--10/11/1996 Underwater Radioactive Waste Disposal Reactor Vessels Reactor Components Nuclear Ships 36 Materials Science Furfural Waste Forms Marine Disposal Sealing Materials Spent Fuels 54 Environmental Sciences 12 Management Of Radioactive Wastes And Non-Radioactive Wastes From Nuclear Facilities Solidification Performance Article 1996 ftunivnotexas 2015-11-14T23:11:29Z Between 1965 and 1988, 16 naval reactor vessels were dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea. Six of the vessels contained spent nuclear fuel that had been damaged during accidents. In addition, a container holding {approximately} 60% of the damaged fuel from the No. 2 reactor of the atomic icebreaker Lenin was dumped in 1967. Before dumping, the vessels were filled with a solidification agent, Conservant F, in order to prevent direct contact between the seawater and the fuel and other activated components, thereby reducing the potential for release of radionuclides into the environment. The key ingredient in Conservant F is furfural (furfuraldehyde). Other constituents vary, depending on specific property requirements, but include epoxy resin, mineral fillers, and hardening agents. In the liquid state (prior to polymerization) Conservant F is a low viscosity, homogeneous resin blend that provides long work times (6--9 hours). In the cured state, Conservant F provides resistance to water and radiation, has high adhesion properties, and results in minimal gas evolution. This paper discusses the properties of Conservant F in both its cured and uncured states and the potential performance of the waste packages containing spent nuclear fuel in the Arctic Kara Sea. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Kara Sea University of North Texas: UNT Digital Library Arctic Kara Sea |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of North Texas: UNT Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnotexas |
language |
English |
topic |
Underwater Radioactive Waste Disposal Reactor Vessels Reactor Components Nuclear Ships 36 Materials Science Furfural Waste Forms Marine Disposal Sealing Materials Spent Fuels 54 Environmental Sciences 12 Management Of Radioactive Wastes And Non-Radioactive Wastes From Nuclear Facilities Solidification Performance |
spellingShingle |
Underwater Radioactive Waste Disposal Reactor Vessels Reactor Components Nuclear Ships 36 Materials Science Furfural Waste Forms Marine Disposal Sealing Materials Spent Fuels 54 Environmental Sciences 12 Management Of Radioactive Wastes And Non-Radioactive Wastes From Nuclear Facilities Solidification Performance Heiser, J. H. Cowgill, M. G. Sivintsev, Y. V. Alexandrov, V. P. Dyer, R. S. Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea |
topic_facet |
Underwater Radioactive Waste Disposal Reactor Vessels Reactor Components Nuclear Ships 36 Materials Science Furfural Waste Forms Marine Disposal Sealing Materials Spent Fuels 54 Environmental Sciences 12 Management Of Radioactive Wastes And Non-Radioactive Wastes From Nuclear Facilities Solidification Performance |
description |
Between 1965 and 1988, 16 naval reactor vessels were dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea. Six of the vessels contained spent nuclear fuel that had been damaged during accidents. In addition, a container holding {approximately} 60% of the damaged fuel from the No. 2 reactor of the atomic icebreaker Lenin was dumped in 1967. Before dumping, the vessels were filled with a solidification agent, Conservant F, in order to prevent direct contact between the seawater and the fuel and other activated components, thereby reducing the potential for release of radionuclides into the environment. The key ingredient in Conservant F is furfural (furfuraldehyde). Other constituents vary, depending on specific property requirements, but include epoxy resin, mineral fillers, and hardening agents. In the liquid state (prior to polymerization) Conservant F is a low viscosity, homogeneous resin blend that provides long work times (6--9 hours). In the cured state, Conservant F provides resistance to water and radiation, has high adhesion properties, and results in minimal gas evolution. This paper discusses the properties of Conservant F in both its cured and uncured states and the potential performance of the waste packages containing spent nuclear fuel in the Arctic Kara Sea. |
author2 |
United States. Environmental Protection Agency. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Heiser, J. H. Cowgill, M. G. Sivintsev, Y. V. Alexandrov, V. P. Dyer, R. S. |
author_facet |
Heiser, J. H. Cowgill, M. G. Sivintsev, Y. V. Alexandrov, V. P. Dyer, R. S. |
author_sort |
Heiser, J. H. |
title |
Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea |
title_short |
Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea |
title_full |
Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea |
title_fullStr |
Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea |
title_full_unstemmed |
Furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the Arctic Kara Sea |
title_sort |
furfural-based polymers for the sealing of reactor vessels dumped in the arctic kara sea |
publisher |
Brookhaven National Laboratory |
publishDate |
1996 |
url |
http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc703538/ |
geographic |
Arctic Kara Sea |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Kara Sea |
genre |
Arctic Kara Sea |
genre_facet |
Arctic Kara Sea |
op_source |
RADOC1996, Cherbough-Octeiville (FR), 10/07/1996--10/11/1996 |
op_relation |
rep-no: BNL--67334 rep-no: EW4040500 grantno: AC02-98CH10886 osti: 757138 http://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc703538/ ark: ark:/67531/metadc703538 |
_version_ |
1766326033195204608 |