Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)

Results from the present study found for the first time that the use of bacterial strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, and Enterococcus faecium from the commercial product PrimaLac® had the potential to act as a possible probiotic for juvenile red...

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Main Author: Busby, Wren Adell
Other Authors: Hunt von Herbing, Ione, Burleson, Mark, Lund, Amie, Dzialowski, Ed, Johnson, Jeff
Format: Thesis
Language:English
Published: University of North Texas 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1808465/
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spelling ftunivnotexas:info:ark/67531/metadc1808465 2023-05-15T15:33:07+02:00 Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) Busby, Wren Adell Hunt von Herbing, Ione Burleson, Mark Lund, Amie Dzialowski, Ed Johnson, Jeff 2021-05 ix, 93 pages Text https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1808465/ English eng University of North Texas local-cont-no: submission_2458 https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1808465/ ark: ark:/67531/metadc1808465 Public Busby, Wren Adell Copyright Copyright is held by the author, unless otherwise noted. All rights Reserved. Probiotics growth performance aquaculture red drum Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture Animal Culture and Nutrition Thesis or Dissertation 2021 ftunivnotexas 2022-04-02T22:08:03Z Results from the present study found for the first time that the use of bacterial strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, and Enterococcus faecium from the commercial product PrimaLac® had the potential to act as a possible probiotic for juvenile red drum. The addition of PrimaLac® probiotics [whether as a water-soluble probiotic (WSP) or in a probiotic enhanced starter feed (PESF)] reduced mortality (%M), enhanced growth rates (MW, LT, SGR, and DGR), improved feed conversion efficiencies (FCEs), and physical condition factors in the juvenile red drum. Improvement was quantified using external morphological condition indices (MCIs) and blood physiological condition indices (PCIs). Results showed a strong positive relationship between MCIs and PCIs, which suggested that probiotics treated fish were in better health (lower MCIs) with lower fasting blood glucose and lactate levels than control fish. Addition of probiotics also resulted in improved water quality (lower nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia) in the treatment tanks compared to controls. Application of PrimaLac® probiotics on the morphology and histology of three different regions of the intestine (proximal, mid-and distal) improved intestinal length (Li), mass (Mi), and digesta mass (Md). In 5μm histological sections examined for differences among treatments (probiotics vs. controls), five variables within each intestinal region were also quantified: (i) perimeter ratio (PR) between the internal perimeter (IP) of the intestinal lumen and the external perimeter (EP) of the intestine where, PR = IP/EP; (ii) width of lamina propria (wLP); (iii) thickness of the muscle layer (tM); (iv) the number of goblet cells per segments (GC); and (v) height of enterocytes (hE). Overall, Li and Mi significantly increased by 13.4 ± 1.2% and 11.8 ± 0.9%, respectively, and Md decreased by 33.2 ± 1.21% compared to controls. Significant increases in microvilli heights, PR (by 21.3 ± 1.2%), tM (by 18.4 ± 0.9%), and increased numbers of GC (by 35.1 ± 2.8%) provided evidence that bacteria species from PrimaLac® (whether in WSP or PESF) affected the intestinal histomorphology of juvenile red drum. Collectively, these changes were partially responsible for increased feed assimilation (supported by reduced digesta) and improved overall juvenile red drum growth and condition. These results will add significantly to the limited database on how probiotics, as possible standard practice at the fish farm, may offer significant benefits for fish production and fish health. Addition of probiotics will also be of benefit to most aquaculture species and not only for red drum, but also for other high-value carnivorous species, such as Atlantic salmon, without threat to natural populations or damaging fisheries-based ecosystems that are already on the edge of collapse from over fishing and pollution. Thesis Atlantic salmon Red drum Sciaenops ocellatus University of North Texas: UNT Digital Library
institution Open Polar
collection University of North Texas: UNT Digital Library
op_collection_id ftunivnotexas
language English
topic Probiotics
growth performance
aquaculture
red drum
Agriculture
Fisheries and Aquaculture
Animal Culture and Nutrition
spellingShingle Probiotics
growth performance
aquaculture
red drum
Agriculture
Fisheries and Aquaculture
Animal Culture and Nutrition
Busby, Wren Adell
Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
topic_facet Probiotics
growth performance
aquaculture
red drum
Agriculture
Fisheries and Aquaculture
Animal Culture and Nutrition
description Results from the present study found for the first time that the use of bacterial strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium thermophilum, and Enterococcus faecium from the commercial product PrimaLac® had the potential to act as a possible probiotic for juvenile red drum. The addition of PrimaLac® probiotics [whether as a water-soluble probiotic (WSP) or in a probiotic enhanced starter feed (PESF)] reduced mortality (%M), enhanced growth rates (MW, LT, SGR, and DGR), improved feed conversion efficiencies (FCEs), and physical condition factors in the juvenile red drum. Improvement was quantified using external morphological condition indices (MCIs) and blood physiological condition indices (PCIs). Results showed a strong positive relationship between MCIs and PCIs, which suggested that probiotics treated fish were in better health (lower MCIs) with lower fasting blood glucose and lactate levels than control fish. Addition of probiotics also resulted in improved water quality (lower nitrate, nitrite, and ammonia) in the treatment tanks compared to controls. Application of PrimaLac® probiotics on the morphology and histology of three different regions of the intestine (proximal, mid-and distal) improved intestinal length (Li), mass (Mi), and digesta mass (Md). In 5μm histological sections examined for differences among treatments (probiotics vs. controls), five variables within each intestinal region were also quantified: (i) perimeter ratio (PR) between the internal perimeter (IP) of the intestinal lumen and the external perimeter (EP) of the intestine where, PR = IP/EP; (ii) width of lamina propria (wLP); (iii) thickness of the muscle layer (tM); (iv) the number of goblet cells per segments (GC); and (v) height of enterocytes (hE). Overall, Li and Mi significantly increased by 13.4 ± 1.2% and 11.8 ± 0.9%, respectively, and Md decreased by 33.2 ± 1.21% compared to controls. Significant increases in microvilli heights, PR (by 21.3 ± 1.2%), tM (by 18.4 ± 0.9%), and increased numbers of GC (by 35.1 ± 2.8%) provided evidence that bacteria species from PrimaLac® (whether in WSP or PESF) affected the intestinal histomorphology of juvenile red drum. Collectively, these changes were partially responsible for increased feed assimilation (supported by reduced digesta) and improved overall juvenile red drum growth and condition. These results will add significantly to the limited database on how probiotics, as possible standard practice at the fish farm, may offer significant benefits for fish production and fish health. Addition of probiotics will also be of benefit to most aquaculture species and not only for red drum, but also for other high-value carnivorous species, such as Atlantic salmon, without threat to natural populations or damaging fisheries-based ecosystems that are already on the edge of collapse from over fishing and pollution.
author2 Hunt von Herbing, Ione
Burleson, Mark
Lund, Amie
Dzialowski, Ed
Johnson, Jeff
format Thesis
author Busby, Wren Adell
author_facet Busby, Wren Adell
author_sort Busby, Wren Adell
title Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
title_short Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
title_full Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
title_fullStr Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
title_full_unstemmed Benefits of Probiotics on Mortality, Growth Performance, Physiological Condition and Gut Histomophology of Juvenile Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus)
title_sort benefits of probiotics on mortality, growth performance, physiological condition and gut histomophology of juvenile red drum (sciaenops ocellatus)
publisher University of North Texas
publishDate 2021
url https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1808465/
genre Atlantic salmon
Red drum
Sciaenops ocellatus
genre_facet Atlantic salmon
Red drum
Sciaenops ocellatus
op_relation local-cont-no: submission_2458
https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1808465/
ark: ark:/67531/metadc1808465
op_rights Public
Busby, Wren Adell
Copyright
Copyright is held by the author, unless otherwise noted. All rights Reserved.
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