Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a versatile tool for investigating the behavior of materials that store energy by melting or by undergoing solid-state transitions. Heating scans measure the enthalpy that can be stored and cooling scans yield the enthalpy that may be recovered from the mat...
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Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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ftunivnotexas:info:ark/67531/metadc1446857 2023-05-15T15:53:01+02:00 Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage Cantor, S. 1977-01-01 19 pages Text https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1446857/ English eng Oak Ridge National Laboratory rep-no: CONF-770943-1 grantno: W-7405-ENG-26 osti: 7212659 https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1446857/ ark: ark:/67531/metadc1446857 7. Thermal Analysis Society conference, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 26 Sep 1977 Urea 25 Energy Storage Other Organic Compounds Alkali Metal Compounds Organic Compounds Thermal Energy Storage Equipment Amides Paraffin Heat Storage Calorimetry Sodium Compounds Materials Waxes 250600* -- Energy Storage-- Thermal Hydrocarbons Measuring Methods Sulfates Sulfur Compounds Latent Heat Storage Oxygen Compounds Storage Capacity Carbonic Acid Derivatives Sodium Sulfates Organic Nitrogen Compounds Equipment Energy Storage Alkanes Article 1977 ftunivnotexas 2019-08-03T22:08:46Z Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a versatile tool for investigating the behavior of materials that store energy by melting or by undergoing solid-state transitions. Heating scans measure the enthalpy that can be stored and cooling scans yield the enthalpy that may be recovered from the material. Exotherms also provide information about supercooling. The automatic and rapid thermal cycling features of the instrument system can be used to greatly accelerate thermal decomposition that may arise from the daily duty cycle of the storage medium. These chemical reactions as well as those with containment or with substances added to improve performance can be detected from changes in the thermal spectra. In this study, DSC methods were applied to sodium sulfate decahydrate, paraffin wax, urea, and phthalimide. For Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/.10H/sub 2/O, DSC measurements showed a decrease in heat of fusion with thermal cycling and, also, considerable supercooling; with added Na/sub 2/B/sub 4/O/sub 7/.10H/sub 2/O (borax), supercooling was greatly lessened but not entirely eliminated. Paraffin wax did not supercool nor were there any indications that thermal cycling or contact with aluminum degraded its thermal performance. Urea, when thermally cycled, decreased in melting point and in heat of fusion; this compound also supercooled about 50/sup 0/ in DSC experiments. Phthalimide, C/sub 6/H/sub 4/(CO)/sub 2/NH, did not decompose when thermally cycled through its melting point, but it did exhibit marked supercooling. However, lesser supercooling of urea and phthalimide in test-tube scale experiments suggests that supercooling derived from DSC should be applied with caution. For phthalimide, the enthalpy of fusion, determined in this study, equalled 48.1 cal/g. Article in Journal/Newspaper Carbonic acid University of North Texas: UNT Digital Library |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of North Texas: UNT Digital Library |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnotexas |
language |
English |
topic |
Urea 25 Energy Storage Other Organic Compounds Alkali Metal Compounds Organic Compounds Thermal Energy Storage Equipment Amides Paraffin Heat Storage Calorimetry Sodium Compounds Materials Waxes 250600* -- Energy Storage-- Thermal Hydrocarbons Measuring Methods Sulfates Sulfur Compounds Latent Heat Storage Oxygen Compounds Storage Capacity Carbonic Acid Derivatives Sodium Sulfates Organic Nitrogen Compounds Equipment Energy Storage Alkanes |
spellingShingle |
Urea 25 Energy Storage Other Organic Compounds Alkali Metal Compounds Organic Compounds Thermal Energy Storage Equipment Amides Paraffin Heat Storage Calorimetry Sodium Compounds Materials Waxes 250600* -- Energy Storage-- Thermal Hydrocarbons Measuring Methods Sulfates Sulfur Compounds Latent Heat Storage Oxygen Compounds Storage Capacity Carbonic Acid Derivatives Sodium Sulfates Organic Nitrogen Compounds Equipment Energy Storage Alkanes Cantor, S. Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
topic_facet |
Urea 25 Energy Storage Other Organic Compounds Alkali Metal Compounds Organic Compounds Thermal Energy Storage Equipment Amides Paraffin Heat Storage Calorimetry Sodium Compounds Materials Waxes 250600* -- Energy Storage-- Thermal Hydrocarbons Measuring Methods Sulfates Sulfur Compounds Latent Heat Storage Oxygen Compounds Storage Capacity Carbonic Acid Derivatives Sodium Sulfates Organic Nitrogen Compounds Equipment Energy Storage Alkanes |
description |
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a versatile tool for investigating the behavior of materials that store energy by melting or by undergoing solid-state transitions. Heating scans measure the enthalpy that can be stored and cooling scans yield the enthalpy that may be recovered from the material. Exotherms also provide information about supercooling. The automatic and rapid thermal cycling features of the instrument system can be used to greatly accelerate thermal decomposition that may arise from the daily duty cycle of the storage medium. These chemical reactions as well as those with containment or with substances added to improve performance can be detected from changes in the thermal spectra. In this study, DSC methods were applied to sodium sulfate decahydrate, paraffin wax, urea, and phthalimide. For Na/sub 2/SO/sub 4/.10H/sub 2/O, DSC measurements showed a decrease in heat of fusion with thermal cycling and, also, considerable supercooling; with added Na/sub 2/B/sub 4/O/sub 7/.10H/sub 2/O (borax), supercooling was greatly lessened but not entirely eliminated. Paraffin wax did not supercool nor were there any indications that thermal cycling or contact with aluminum degraded its thermal performance. Urea, when thermally cycled, decreased in melting point and in heat of fusion; this compound also supercooled about 50/sup 0/ in DSC experiments. Phthalimide, C/sub 6/H/sub 4/(CO)/sub 2/NH, did not decompose when thermally cycled through its melting point, but it did exhibit marked supercooling. However, lesser supercooling of urea and phthalimide in test-tube scale experiments suggests that supercooling derived from DSC should be applied with caution. For phthalimide, the enthalpy of fusion, determined in this study, equalled 48.1 cal/g. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Cantor, S. |
author_facet |
Cantor, S. |
author_sort |
Cantor, S. |
title |
Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
title_short |
Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
title_full |
Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
title_fullStr |
Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
title_full_unstemmed |
Applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
title_sort |
applications of differential scanning calorimetry to the study of thermal energy storage |
publisher |
Oak Ridge National Laboratory |
publishDate |
1977 |
url |
https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1446857/ |
genre |
Carbonic acid |
genre_facet |
Carbonic acid |
op_source |
7. Thermal Analysis Society conference, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 26 Sep 1977 |
op_relation |
rep-no: CONF-770943-1 grantno: W-7405-ENG-26 osti: 7212659 https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1446857/ ark: ark:/67531/metadc1446857 |
_version_ |
1766388085039300608 |