Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet
In order to examine daily cycles in meltwater routing and storage in the Isunnguata Sermia outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet, variations in outlet stream discharge and in major element hydrochemistry were assessed over a 6-day period in July 2013. Over 4 days, discharge was assessed from hourly phot...
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ftunivnorthumb:oai:nrl.northumbria.ac.uk:42410 2023-05-15T16:28:28+02:00 Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet Graly, Joseph Harrington, Joel Humphrey, Neil 2017-05 text https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/42410/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1131-2017 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/42410/1/tc-11-1131-2017.pdf en eng Coperincus https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/42410/1/tc-11-1131-2017.pdf Graly, Joseph, Harrington, Joel and Humphrey, Neil (2017) Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet. The Cryosphere, 11 (3). pp. 1131-1140. ISSN 1994-0424 cc_by_4_0 CC-BY F600 Geology F700 Ocean Sciences F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences F900 Others in Physical Sciences Article PeerReviewed 2017 ftunivnorthumb https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1131-2017 2022-09-25T06:11:34Z In order to examine daily cycles in meltwater routing and storage in the Isunnguata Sermia outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet, variations in outlet stream discharge and in major element hydrochemistry were assessed over a 6-day period in July 2013. Over 4 days, discharge was assessed from hourly photography of the outlet from multiple vantages, including where midstream naled ice provided a natural gauge. pH, electrical conductivity, suspended sediment, and major element and anion chemistry were measured in samples of stream water collected every 3 h. Photography and stream observations reveal that although river width and stage have only slight diurnal variation, there are large diurnal changes in discharge shown by the doubling in width of what we term the active channel, which is characterized by large standing waves and fast flow. The concentration of dissolved solutes follows a sinusoidal diurnal cycle, except for large and variable increases in dissolved solutes during the stream's waning flow. Solute concentrations vary by ∼ 30 % between diurnal minima and maxima. Discharge maxima and minima lag temperature and surface melt by 3–7 h; diurnal solute concentration minima and maxima lag discharge by 3–6 h. This phase shift between discharge and solute concentration suggests that during high flow, water is either encountering more rock material or is stored in longer contact with rock material. We suggest that expansion of a distributed subglacial hydrologic network into seldom accessed regions during high flow could account for these phenomena, and for a spike of partial silicate reaction products during waning flow, which itself suggests a pressure threshold-triggered release of stored water. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere Northumbria University, Newcastle: Northumbria Research Link (NRL) Greenland Isunnguata Sermia ENVELOPE(-50.167,-50.167,67.183,67.183) The Cryosphere 11 3 1131 1140 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Northumbria University, Newcastle: Northumbria Research Link (NRL) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnorthumb |
language |
English |
topic |
F600 Geology F700 Ocean Sciences F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences F900 Others in Physical Sciences |
spellingShingle |
F600 Geology F700 Ocean Sciences F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences F900 Others in Physical Sciences Graly, Joseph Harrington, Joel Humphrey, Neil Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet |
topic_facet |
F600 Geology F700 Ocean Sciences F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences F900 Others in Physical Sciences |
description |
In order to examine daily cycles in meltwater routing and storage in the Isunnguata Sermia outlet of the Greenland Ice Sheet, variations in outlet stream discharge and in major element hydrochemistry were assessed over a 6-day period in July 2013. Over 4 days, discharge was assessed from hourly photography of the outlet from multiple vantages, including where midstream naled ice provided a natural gauge. pH, electrical conductivity, suspended sediment, and major element and anion chemistry were measured in samples of stream water collected every 3 h. Photography and stream observations reveal that although river width and stage have only slight diurnal variation, there are large diurnal changes in discharge shown by the doubling in width of what we term the active channel, which is characterized by large standing waves and fast flow. The concentration of dissolved solutes follows a sinusoidal diurnal cycle, except for large and variable increases in dissolved solutes during the stream's waning flow. Solute concentrations vary by ∼ 30 % between diurnal minima and maxima. Discharge maxima and minima lag temperature and surface melt by 3–7 h; diurnal solute concentration minima and maxima lag discharge by 3–6 h. This phase shift between discharge and solute concentration suggests that during high flow, water is either encountering more rock material or is stored in longer contact with rock material. We suggest that expansion of a distributed subglacial hydrologic network into seldom accessed regions during high flow could account for these phenomena, and for a spike of partial silicate reaction products during waning flow, which itself suggests a pressure threshold-triggered release of stored water. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Graly, Joseph Harrington, Joel Humphrey, Neil |
author_facet |
Graly, Joseph Harrington, Joel Humphrey, Neil |
author_sort |
Graly, Joseph |
title |
Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet |
title_short |
Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet |
title_full |
Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet |
title_fullStr |
Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet |
title_full_unstemmed |
Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet |
title_sort |
combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the isunnguata sermia outlet, greenland ice sheet |
publisher |
Coperincus |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/42410/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1131-2017 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/42410/1/tc-11-1131-2017.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-50.167,-50.167,67.183,67.183) |
geographic |
Greenland Isunnguata Sermia |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Isunnguata Sermia |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/42410/1/tc-11-1131-2017.pdf Graly, Joseph, Harrington, Joel and Humphrey, Neil (2017) Combined diurnal variations of discharge and hydrochemistry of the Isunnguata Sermia outlet, Greenland Ice Sheet. The Cryosphere, 11 (3). pp. 1131-1140. ISSN 1994-0424 |
op_rights |
cc_by_4_0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1131-2017 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
11 |
container_issue |
3 |
container_start_page |
1131 |
op_container_end_page |
1140 |
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1766018127681814528 |