Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt
Single-layer vegetation schemes in modern land surface models have been found to overestimate diurnal cycles in longwave radiation beneath forest canopies. This study introduces an empirical correction, based on forest stand-scale simulations, which reduces diurnal cycles of sub-canopy longwave radi...
Published in: | The Cryosphere |
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Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019
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Online Access: | https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/8/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/1/Todt%20et%20al%20-%20Simulated%20single-layer%20forest%20canopies%20delay%20Northern%20Hemisphere%20snowmelt%20AAM.pdf |
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ftunivnorthumb:oai:nrl.northumbria.ac.uk:41054 2023-05-15T18:32:34+02:00 Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt Todt, Markus Rutter, Nick Fletcher, Christopher Wake, Leanne 2019-11-25 text https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/8/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/1/Todt%20et%20al%20-%20Simulated%20single-layer%20forest%20canopies%20delay%20Northern%20Hemisphere%20snowmelt%20AAM.pdf en eng Copernicus Publications https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/8/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/1/Todt%20et%20al%20-%20Simulated%20single-layer%20forest%20canopies%20delay%20Northern%20Hemisphere%20snowmelt%20AAM.pdf Todt, Markus, Rutter, Nick, Fletcher, Christopher and Wake, Leanne (2019) Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt. The Cryosphere, 13 (11). pp. 3077-3091. ISSN 1994-0416 cc_by_4_0 CC-BY F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences Article PeerReviewed 2019 ftunivnorthumb https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 2022-09-25T06:10:52Z Single-layer vegetation schemes in modern land surface models have been found to overestimate diurnal cycles in longwave radiation beneath forest canopies. This study introduces an empirical correction, based on forest stand-scale simulations, which reduces diurnal cycles of sub-canopy longwave radiation. The correction is subsequently implemented in land-only simulations of the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) in order to assess the impact on snow cover. Nighttime underestimations of sub-canopy longwave radiation outweigh daytime overestimations, which leads to underestimated averages over the snow cover season. As a result, snow temperatures are underestimated and snowmelt is delayed in CLM4.5 across evergreen boreal forests. Comparison with global observations confirms this delay and its reduction by correction of sub-canopy longwave radiation. Increasing insolation and day length change the impact of overestimated diurnal cycles on daily average subcanopy longwave radiation throughout the snowmelt season. Consequently, delay of snowmelt in land-only simulations is more substantial where snowmelt occurs early. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Northumbria University, Newcastle: Northumbria Research Link (NRL) The Cryosphere 13 11 3077 3091 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Northumbria University, Newcastle: Northumbria Research Link (NRL) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnorthumb |
language |
English |
topic |
F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences Todt, Markus Rutter, Nick Fletcher, Christopher Wake, Leanne Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
topic_facet |
F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences |
description |
Single-layer vegetation schemes in modern land surface models have been found to overestimate diurnal cycles in longwave radiation beneath forest canopies. This study introduces an empirical correction, based on forest stand-scale simulations, which reduces diurnal cycles of sub-canopy longwave radiation. The correction is subsequently implemented in land-only simulations of the Community Land Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) in order to assess the impact on snow cover. Nighttime underestimations of sub-canopy longwave radiation outweigh daytime overestimations, which leads to underestimated averages over the snow cover season. As a result, snow temperatures are underestimated and snowmelt is delayed in CLM4.5 across evergreen boreal forests. Comparison with global observations confirms this delay and its reduction by correction of sub-canopy longwave radiation. Increasing insolation and day length change the impact of overestimated diurnal cycles on daily average subcanopy longwave radiation throughout the snowmelt season. Consequently, delay of snowmelt in land-only simulations is more substantial where snowmelt occurs early. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Todt, Markus Rutter, Nick Fletcher, Christopher Wake, Leanne |
author_facet |
Todt, Markus Rutter, Nick Fletcher, Christopher Wake, Leanne |
author_sort |
Todt, Markus |
title |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_short |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_full |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_fullStr |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_full_unstemmed |
Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt |
title_sort |
simulated single-layer forest canopies delay northern hemisphere snowmelt |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
publishDate |
2019 |
url |
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/ https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/8/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/1/Todt%20et%20al%20-%20Simulated%20single-layer%20forest%20canopies%20delay%20Northern%20Hemisphere%20snowmelt%20AAM.pdf |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/8/tc-13-3077-2019.pdf https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/41054/1/Todt%20et%20al%20-%20Simulated%20single-layer%20forest%20canopies%20delay%20Northern%20Hemisphere%20snowmelt%20AAM.pdf Todt, Markus, Rutter, Nick, Fletcher, Christopher and Wake, Leanne (2019) Simulated single-layer forest canopies delay Northern Hemisphere snowmelt. The Cryosphere, 13 (11). pp. 3077-3091. ISSN 1994-0416 |
op_rights |
cc_by_4_0 |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-13-3077-2019 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
11 |
container_start_page |
3077 |
op_container_end_page |
3091 |
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1766216779753848832 |