Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change
We present a homogenised Greenland Blocking Index (GBI) daily record from 1851-2015, therefore significantly extending our previously published monthly/seasonal GBI analysis. This new time series is analysed for evidence of changes in extreme events, and we investigate the underlying thermodynamic a...
Published in: | International Journal of Climatology |
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Online Access: | https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/ https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5516 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/1/Hanna%20et%20al%20-%20Greenland%20Blocking%20Index%20daily%20series%201851-2015.pdf |
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ftunivnorthumb:oai:nrl.northumbria.ac.uk:33617 2023-05-15T16:25:58+02:00 Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change Hanna, Edward Hall, Richard J. Cropper, Thomas Ballinger, Thomas Wake, Leanne Mote, Thomas Cappelen, John 2018-07 text https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/ https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5516 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/1/Hanna%20et%20al%20-%20Greenland%20Blocking%20Index%20daily%20series%201851-2015.pdf en eng Wiley https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/1/Hanna%20et%20al%20-%20Greenland%20Blocking%20Index%20daily%20series%201851-2015.pdf Hanna, Edward, Hall, Richard J., Cropper, Thomas, Ballinger, Thomas, Wake, Leanne, Mote, Thomas and Cappelen, John (2018) Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change. International Journal of Climatology, 38 (9). pp. 3546-3564. ISSN 1097-0088 F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences Article PeerReviewed 2018 ftunivnorthumb https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5516 2022-09-25T06:06:54Z We present a homogenised Greenland Blocking Index (GBI) daily record from 1851-2015, therefore significantly extending our previously published monthly/seasonal GBI analysis. This new time series is analysed for evidence of changes in extreme events, and we investigate the underlying thermodynamic and dynamic precursors. We compare occurrences and changes in extreme events between our GBI record and a recently published, temporally similar daily North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) series, and use this comparison to test dynamic meteorology hypotheses relating negative NAO to Greenland Blocking. We also compare daily GBI changes and extreme events with long-running indices of England and Wales temperature and precipitation, to assess potential downstream effects of Greenland blocking on UK extreme weather events and climate change. In this extended analysis we show that there have been sustained periods of positive GBI during 1870-1900 and from the late 1990s to present. A clustering of extreme high GBI events since 2000 is not consistently reflected by a similar grouping of extreme low NAO events. Case studies of North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes linked with extreme high and low daily GBI episodes are used to shed light on potential linkages between Greenland blocking and jet-stream changes. Particularly noteworthy is a clustering of extreme high GBI events during mid-October in four out of five years during 2002-2006, which we investigate from both cryospheric and dynamic meteorology perspectives. Supporting evidence suggests that these autumn extreme GBI episodes may have been influenced by regional sea-ice anomalies off west Greenland but were probably largely forced by increases in Rossby-wave train activity originating from the tropical Pacific. However, more generally our results indicate that high GBI winter anomalies are co-located with sea-ice anomalies, while there seems to be minimal influence of sea-ice anomalies on the recent significant increase in summer GBI. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice Northumbria University, Newcastle: Northumbria Research Link (NRL) Greenland Pacific International Journal of Climatology 38 9 3546 3564 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Northumbria University, Newcastle: Northumbria Research Link (NRL) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnorthumb |
language |
English |
topic |
F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences Hanna, Edward Hall, Richard J. Cropper, Thomas Ballinger, Thomas Wake, Leanne Mote, Thomas Cappelen, John Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change |
topic_facet |
F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences |
description |
We present a homogenised Greenland Blocking Index (GBI) daily record from 1851-2015, therefore significantly extending our previously published monthly/seasonal GBI analysis. This new time series is analysed for evidence of changes in extreme events, and we investigate the underlying thermodynamic and dynamic precursors. We compare occurrences and changes in extreme events between our GBI record and a recently published, temporally similar daily North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) series, and use this comparison to test dynamic meteorology hypotheses relating negative NAO to Greenland Blocking. We also compare daily GBI changes and extreme events with long-running indices of England and Wales temperature and precipitation, to assess potential downstream effects of Greenland blocking on UK extreme weather events and climate change. In this extended analysis we show that there have been sustained periods of positive GBI during 1870-1900 and from the late 1990s to present. A clustering of extreme high GBI events since 2000 is not consistently reflected by a similar grouping of extreme low NAO events. Case studies of North Atlantic atmospheric circulation changes linked with extreme high and low daily GBI episodes are used to shed light on potential linkages between Greenland blocking and jet-stream changes. Particularly noteworthy is a clustering of extreme high GBI events during mid-October in four out of five years during 2002-2006, which we investigate from both cryospheric and dynamic meteorology perspectives. Supporting evidence suggests that these autumn extreme GBI episodes may have been influenced by regional sea-ice anomalies off west Greenland but were probably largely forced by increases in Rossby-wave train activity originating from the tropical Pacific. However, more generally our results indicate that high GBI winter anomalies are co-located with sea-ice anomalies, while there seems to be minimal influence of sea-ice anomalies on the recent significant increase in summer GBI. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hanna, Edward Hall, Richard J. Cropper, Thomas Ballinger, Thomas Wake, Leanne Mote, Thomas Cappelen, John |
author_facet |
Hanna, Edward Hall, Richard J. Cropper, Thomas Ballinger, Thomas Wake, Leanne Mote, Thomas Cappelen, John |
author_sort |
Hanna, Edward |
title |
Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change |
title_short |
Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change |
title_full |
Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change |
title_fullStr |
Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change |
title_sort |
greenland blocking index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with north atlantic and uk climate variability and change |
publisher |
Wiley |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/ https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5516 https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/1/Hanna%20et%20al%20-%20Greenland%20Blocking%20Index%20daily%20series%201851-2015.pdf |
geographic |
Greenland Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Pacific |
genre |
Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Greenland North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Sea ice |
op_relation |
https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/33617/1/Hanna%20et%20al%20-%20Greenland%20Blocking%20Index%20daily%20series%201851-2015.pdf Hanna, Edward, Hall, Richard J., Cropper, Thomas, Ballinger, Thomas, Wake, Leanne, Mote, Thomas and Cappelen, John (2018) Greenland Blocking Index daily series 1851-2015: analysis of changes in extremes and links with North Atlantic and UK climate variability and change. International Journal of Climatology, 38 (9). pp. 3546-3564. ISSN 1097-0088 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5516 |
container_title |
International Journal of Climatology |
container_volume |
38 |
container_issue |
9 |
container_start_page |
3546 |
op_container_end_page |
3564 |
_version_ |
1766014814631493632 |