Utilization of ancient permafrost carbon in headwaters of Arctic fluvial networks

• Published in: Nature Communications
• Main Authors: Mann, Paul, Eglinton, Timothy, McIntyre, Cameron, Zimov, Nikita, Davydova, Anna, Vonk, Jorien, Holmes, Robert, Spencer, Robert
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015
• Subjects: F800 Physical and Terrestrial Geographical and Environmental Sciences; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Kolyma; Climate change; kolyma river; permafrost; Siberia
• Online Access: https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/23434/; https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8856; https://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/id/eprint/23434/1/ncomms8856.pdf

Northern high-latitude rivers are major conduits of carbon from land to coastal seas and the Arctic Ocean. Arctic warming is promoting terrestrial permafrost thaw and shifting hydrologic flowpaths, leading to fluvial mobilization of ancient carbon stores. Here we describe 14C and 13C characteristics of dissolved organic carbon from fluvial networks across the Kolyma River Basin (Siberia), and isotopic changes during bioincubation experiments. Microbial communities utilized ancient carbon (11,300 to 450,000 14C years) in permafrost thaw waters and millennial-aged carbon (up to 10,000 14C years) across headwater streams. Microbial demand was supported by progressively younger (14C-enriched) carbon downstream through the network, with predominantly modern carbon pools subsidizing microorganisms in large rivers and main-stem waters. Permafrost acts as a significant and preferentially degradable source of bioavailable carbon in Arctic freshwaters, which is likely to increase as permafrost thaw intensifies causing positive climate feedbacks in response to on-going climate change.