The vibrato problem: Comparing two solutions

• Published in: Computer Music Journal
• Main Author: Honing, H.
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: unknown
• Published: 1995
• Subjects: Arctic
• Online Access: http://hdl.handle.net/2066/74840; https://repository.ubn.ru.nl//bitstream/handle/2066/74840/74840.pdf; https://doi.org/10.2307/3680653

Contains fulltext : 74840.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access) In discussing the formalization of musical knowledge, this article describes an important music-representation issue, the "vibrato problem". This problem characterizes the need for a knowledge representation that can reflect both discrete and continuous aspects of music at an abstract and controllable level. Two formalisms of functions of time that support this notion are compared: the approach used in the Canon family of computer music composition systems (Dannenberg, McAvinney, and Rubine 1986; Dannenberg 1989; Dannenberg, Fraley, and Velikonja 1991), and the Generalized Time Functions (GTF) Formalism of Desain and Honing (1992a, 1993). The comparison is based on a simplified version of Dannenberg's Arctic, Canon, and Fugue systems (referred to as ACF), obtained from the original programs using an extraction technique, and a simplified version of the GTF system that was made syntactically identical to ACF. In general, both approaches solve the vibrato problem, though in very different ways. The differences are explained in terms of abstraction, modularity, flexibility, transparency, and extensibility-important issues in the design of a representational system for music (Honing 1993b).