Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean
The McDonald Islands (53 degrees S, 73 degrees E) originally comprised three small islands that lie on the Kerguelen Plateau, 44 km west of Heard Island. No volcanic activity was observed since their discovery in 1874 until 1997, when two passing ships recorded major changes and eruptive behaviour....
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Blackwell Scientific Publications
2005
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/24639 |
id |
ftunivnewcastnsw:uon:595 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivnewcastnsw:uon:595 2023-05-15T13:45:38+02:00 Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean Stephenson, J. Budd, G. M. Manning, J. Hansbro, Philip Michael 2005 http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/24639 eng eng Blackwell Scientific Publications Antarctic Science Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 259-266 fauna king penguin lava domes lava spines ship hazards sub-Antarctic volcanism journal article 2005 ftunivnewcastnsw 2018-07-27T01:10:50Z The McDonald Islands (53 degrees S, 73 degrees E) originally comprised three small islands that lie on the Kerguelen Plateau, 44 km west of Heard Island. No volcanic activity was observed since their discovery in 1874 until 1997, when two passing ships recorded major changes and eruptive behaviour. A 2001 satellite image showed that the main island had doubled its area. This paper reports observations made from a cruise ship in November 2002, supplemented by a high-resolution satellite image acquired in March 2003. A new volcanic complex comprises lava domes, spines and flows, all assumed to be phonolitic, similar to the older volcanic rocks. The complex shows dormant volcanic activity, with numerous fumaroles, recent spine evolution and lava flows. Changes in relative sea level have connected Flat and McDonald Islands. A spit about 1km long with extensive shoals beyond, now extends eastward from McDonald Island and presents new hazards to shipping. Biological changes include colonization by king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonica), previously absent, and a large reduction in numbers of formerly widespread macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus chrysolophus). Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Aptenodytes patagonica Eudyptes chrysolophus Heard Island King Penguins McDonald Islands NOVA: The University of Newcastle Research Online (Australia) Antarctic Heard ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) Heard Island Heard Island ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) Indian Kerguelen Main Island ENVELOPE(-38.220,-38.220,-54.007,-54.007) McDonald Island ENVELOPE(72.600,72.600,-53.050,-53.050) McDonald Islands ENVELOPE(72.600,72.600,-53.033,-53.033) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
NOVA: The University of Newcastle Research Online (Australia) |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnewcastnsw |
language |
English |
topic |
fauna king penguin lava domes lava spines ship hazards sub-Antarctic volcanism |
spellingShingle |
fauna king penguin lava domes lava spines ship hazards sub-Antarctic volcanism Stephenson, J. Budd, G. M. Manning, J. Hansbro, Philip Michael Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean |
topic_facet |
fauna king penguin lava domes lava spines ship hazards sub-Antarctic volcanism |
description |
The McDonald Islands (53 degrees S, 73 degrees E) originally comprised three small islands that lie on the Kerguelen Plateau, 44 km west of Heard Island. No volcanic activity was observed since their discovery in 1874 until 1997, when two passing ships recorded major changes and eruptive behaviour. A 2001 satellite image showed that the main island had doubled its area. This paper reports observations made from a cruise ship in November 2002, supplemented by a high-resolution satellite image acquired in March 2003. A new volcanic complex comprises lava domes, spines and flows, all assumed to be phonolitic, similar to the older volcanic rocks. The complex shows dormant volcanic activity, with numerous fumaroles, recent spine evolution and lava flows. Changes in relative sea level have connected Flat and McDonald Islands. A spit about 1km long with extensive shoals beyond, now extends eastward from McDonald Island and presents new hazards to shipping. Biological changes include colonization by king penguins (Aptenodytes patagonica), previously absent, and a large reduction in numbers of formerly widespread macaroni penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus chrysolophus). |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Stephenson, J. Budd, G. M. Manning, J. Hansbro, Philip Michael |
author_facet |
Stephenson, J. Budd, G. M. Manning, J. Hansbro, Philip Michael |
author_sort |
Stephenson, J. |
title |
Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean |
title_short |
Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean |
title_full |
Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean |
title_fullStr |
Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean |
title_full_unstemmed |
Major eruption-induced changes to the McDonald Islands, southern Indian Ocean |
title_sort |
major eruption-induced changes to the mcdonald islands, southern indian ocean |
publisher |
Blackwell Scientific Publications |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/24639 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) ENVELOPE(73.510,73.510,-53.117,-53.117) ENVELOPE(-38.220,-38.220,-54.007,-54.007) ENVELOPE(72.600,72.600,-53.050,-53.050) ENVELOPE(72.600,72.600,-53.033,-53.033) |
geographic |
Antarctic Heard Heard Island Heard Island Indian Kerguelen Main Island McDonald Island McDonald Islands |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Heard Heard Island Heard Island Indian Kerguelen Main Island McDonald Island McDonald Islands |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Aptenodytes patagonica Eudyptes chrysolophus Heard Island King Penguins McDonald Islands |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Science Aptenodytes patagonica Eudyptes chrysolophus Heard Island King Penguins McDonald Islands |
op_relation |
Antarctic Science Vol. 17, no. 2, p. 259-266 |
_version_ |
1766228715987009536 |