| Summary: | 29- UNIDG/ 5: 1 NEVADA George Whittel Forest & Wildlife Area Oeorge Whittell Forest and Wildlife Area Board of Control" RC- l I"' J""" ~',•. : . , University of Nevada, Reno tv1/\ FZ 1 2 1980 RESEARCH CONTRIBUTION NUMBER 1 December, 1976 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FLORA OF THE GEORGE WHITT; ELL FOREST AND · WlLDUd · · . AREA by Arnold Tiehm and Hugh N. Mozingo Dept. of Biology University of Nevada, R~ no BOARD OF CONTROL, GEORGE WHITTELL FOREST & WILDLIFE AREA Carl Bachman Robert Beall Michael Brodhead William Daniel Edgar Kleiner Harold Klieforth , Chairman John McNeely Roberta Orcutt Anthony Payne Don Prusso Kathy Schaefer David Worley Ralph Young , Consultants: Donald Hardesty Elwood Miller Hugh Mozingo Edward Pine Bernard Shanks Brian Whalen Sociology R. N. R. History Athletics Biology D. R. I. Ag & Res Econ Library Geology Biology Animal Science ASUN - Biology Ag. Exp. Sta. Anthropology R. N. R. Biology V. P. Business R. N. R. Physical Plant AN INTRODUCTION TO THE FLORA OF THE GEORGE WHITTELL FOREST AND WILDLIFE AREA by Arnold Tiehm and Hugh N. Mozingo In December of 1959, the late Captain George Whittell gave to the University of Nevada a 2500 acre tract of land popularly known as Little Valley. This area, now formally designated the George Whittell Forest and Wildlife Area, is located in the Carson Range about seventeen miles south- southwest of Reno along the eastern edge of the Sierra escarpments. It is flanked on the west by the Lake Tahoe basin and on the east by Washoe Valley. The valley itself is well defined on the east and west by parallel ridges which rise to an elevation of 6900 and 8800 feet respectively. The valley floor consists of a large open meadow varying in elevation from 6400 to 6500 feet. Franktown Creek flows through the meadow to the north and is joined by man- made distributary of Ophir Creek located beyond the northern boundary of the property. Additionally, many small streams enter Franktown Creek from the surrounding slopes. The juncture of Franktown Creek and the distributary from Ophir Creek has resulted in an extensive boggy area dominated by many beaver dams and several resultant relatively long- lived ponds. North of this point, Franktown Creek leaves the valley, and then turns to the east where it eventually joins Washoe Lake. Nearly completely encircling, the meadow is a dense to partly open stand of Pinus murrayana Grev. & Balf. ( Lodgepole Pine). Dense, shrubby stands of willow occur in the meadow near the streams, particularly in the moister locations to the north. As one ascends either ridge from the meadow, an abrupt transition can be observed from the Lodgepole Pine community to one composed largely of Pinus jeffreyi Grev~ & BalL ( Jeffrey Pine), with a codominant in spots of Abies concolor ( Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ( White Fir). Shrubs are abundant, particularly in the open areas on the slopes and include as common species Arctostaphylos patula Greene ( Greenleaf Manzanita), Purshia tridentata ( Pursh) DC. ( Bitter Brush), Amelanchier pallida Greene ( Service Berry), Prunus emarginata ( Dougl.) Walp. ( Bitter Cherry), and Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. ( Tobacco Brush). Tobacco Brush, Green Manzanita, and Bitter Cherry comprise an extensive and very dense community on a large portion of the steeper slope to the west where there is a dearth of trees. The small streams descending the western slope typically are edged by nearly impenetrable thickets of willow and Populus tremuloides Michx. ( Quaking Aspen). The recent ecological history of the valley begins with the great silver boom of the Comstock in the Virginia City area, which created a phenomenal demand for timbers to support mine excavations during the latter part of the nineteenth century. The nearest adequate supply of timber was the Carson Range, and at the height of demand several sawmills were operating within Little Valley. During the 1870' s a large ' V' flume was constructed to transport logs to the lower portion of Franktown Creek. Apparently by 1878 all of the accessible trees in Little Valley, as well as most of the adjacent Carson Range, had been felled. In the years after the Comstock boom the valley was used as a summer pasture for cattle and large numbers of sheep. Shepherds drove their flocks into the valley and moved on only after the grasses were largely depleted. Since Little Valley was about halfway between Washoe Valley and the crest of the Carson Range it became a favorite bedding ground. By the end of each summer it resembled a dust bowl more than a mountain meadow. Even the steeper slopes lost much of their herbaceous vegetation to the sheep. Despite the severe grazing, the forests on the slopes surrounding the meadow have largely recovered since the clear- cutting of the nineteenth century, although it is uncertain whether the composition is now the same. The herbaceous vegetation, however, has truly only begun to recover since 1964, when fencing at the southern boundary along with the subsequent cooperation of local ranchers significantly reduced the frequency of grazing. This recovery has been remarkable and the data collected has provided a study base for a number of floristic and faunal studies. The botanical affinities of Little Valley are obviously predominantly Sierran. although. not unexpectedly. a number of typically Great Basin species also occur within its boundaries. Some idea of the noral diversiCication present may be gained from the following table: FAMILIES GENERA TAXA FERNS & FERN ALLIES 3 7 7 GYMNOSPERMS 2 5 10 DICOTYLEDONS 41 163 311 MONOCOTYLEDONS 9 44 129 TOTALS 55 219 457 The numbers of species in the commonest families are Compositae - 63, Gramineae _ 60, Cyperaceae _ 31. Scrophulariaceae - 25, and Cruciferae with 21. Those genera represented by the greatest number of , species are Carex _ ' 2.7, Poa _ 14, Juncus - 12, and both Mimulus and Eriogonum with 8. This contribution is the outgrowth of a series or checklists initiated in 1962 by the junior author. Aside from the writers, recent notable collectors in the valley have included Margaret Williams. John Thomas Howell. and Gordon True. Our gratitude is extended particularly to Mr. Howell, Mr. True, and Dr. Lincoln Constance. all of whom assisted immeasu. rably in species determinations, especially in the difficult groups of Carex. Juncus. and Ligusticum. The Little Valley Herbarium is housed separately within the General Herbarium of the University of Nevada. Reno. Biology Department. REFERENCES Hardesty, Donald L. 1976. Historic Archaeology of Little Valley. Little Valley Newsletter. 2( 1): 3- 4. Mozingo, Hugh N. 1974. Checklist of Plants of the George Whittell Forest and Wildlife Area. Munz. Philip A. 1959. A California Flora. University of California Press. Berkeley. Tiehm, Arnold. 1975. Little Valley Flora. Little Valley Newsletter. 1( 2): 6. -- . 1976. Little Valley Collector. Little Valley Newsletter. 2( 1): 4 Ting. Irwin. 1975. Little Valley Observations. T. H. Little Valley Newsletter. 1( 2): 3- 5. _____. 1976. Little Valley Observations, lll. Little Valley Newsletter. 2( 1): 2. Wehrlie, L. J. 1973. Vegetati, on Analysis of a Sierra Nevada Montane Coniferous Forest. M. S~ Thesis. University of Nevada, Reno, Department of Biology. L ,.-.,. --- LIST CALAMOPHYTA EQUISETACEAE Equisetnm arvense L. ( Common Horsetail) PTEROPHYTA ASPIDIACEAE Athyrium Cilix- femina ( L.) Roth var. californicum Butters ( California Ladyfern) Cystopteris fragilis ( L.) Bernh. ( Fragile Fern) PTERIDAcEAE Aspidotis densa ( Hook.) Lellinger ( Indian's Dream) Cheilanthes gracillima D. C. Eaton ( Lace Fern) Pellaea bridgesii Hook. ( Bridges' Cliff Biake) Pteridium aquilinum ( L.) Kuhn var. pubescens Underw. ( Western Bracken) CONIFEROPHYTA CUPRESSACEAE Calocedrus decurrens ( Torr.) Florin ( Incense Cedar) Juniperus occidentalis Hook. ssp. australis Vasek ( Western Juniper) PINACEAE Abies concolor ( Gord. & Glend.) Lind!. ( White Fir) Abies magnifica A. Murr. ( Red Fir) Pinus albicaulis Engelm. ( Whitebark Pine) Pinus jefCreyi Grev. &. Bale. ( Jeffrey Pine) Pinus lambertiana Doug!. ( Sugar Pine) Pinus monticola Doug!. ( Western White Pine) Pinus murrayana Grev. & BaH. ( Lodgepole Pine) Tsuga mertensiana ( Bong.) Carr. ( Mountain Hemlock) ANTHOPHYTA DICOTYLEDONEAE ACERACEAE Acer glabrum Torr. VaI. torreyi ( Greene) Smiley ( Mountain Maple) APOCYNACEAE Apocynum pumilum ( Gray) Greene ( Dogbane) BETULACEAE Alnus tenuiColia Nutt. ( Mountain Alder) BORAGINACEAE Cryptantha aCCinis ( Gray) Greene Cryptantha ambigua ( Gray) Greene Cryptantha simulans Greene Cryptantha torreyana ( Gray) Greene Hackelia micrantha ( Eastw.) J. L. Gentry ( Mountain Forgetme- not) Hackelia velutina ( Piper) Jtn. ( Velvety Stickseed) Mertensia ciliata ( James) G. Don var. stomatechoides( Kell.) Jeps. ( Mountain Bluebells) Plagiobothrys hispidulus ( Greene) Jtn. Plagiobothrys torreyi ( Gray) Gray CAPRIFOLIACEAE Sambucus caerulea Raf. ( Blue Elderberry) Symphoricarpos acutus ( Gray) Dieck. ( Snowberry) Symphoricarpos vaccinioides Rydb. ( Mountain Snowberry) CARYOPHYLLACEAE Arenaria congesta Nutt. var. subcongesta ( Wats.) Wats. Arenaria kingii ( Wats.) Jones var. glabrescens ( Wats.) Maguire Arenaria nuttallii Pax ssp. fragilis Maguire & Holmgren Cerastium vulgatum L. ( Mouse- ear Chickweek) Sagina saginoides ( L.) Karst. var. hesperia Fern. ( Arctic Pearl wort) Silene douglasii Hook. Silene montana Wats. ( Mountain Catchfly) Stellaria crispa Cham. & Schlecht. Stellaria longipes Goldie CHENOPODIACEAE Chenopodium atrovirens Rydb. Chenopodium dessiccatum A. N e Is. var. leptophylloides ( J . Murr) H. A. Wahl Kochia scoparia ( L.) Schrad. Monolepis nuttalliana ( Schult.) Greene COMPOSITAE Achillea lanulosa Nutt. ( Yarrow) Agoseris glauca ( Pursh) Greene var. monticola ( Greene) Q. Jones Agoseris heterophylla ( Nutt.) Greene Agoseris retrorsa ( Benth.) Greene Anaphalis margari tacea ( L.) Benth. ( Pearly Everlasting) Antennaria geyeri Gray Antennaria rosea Greene ( Rosy Everlasting) Arnica chamissonis Less. ssp. foliosa ( Nutt.) Maguire Arnica chamissonis var. incana ( Gray) Hult. Arnica parryi Gray ssp. sonnei ( Greene) Maguire Artemisia arbuscula Nutt. ( Low Sagebrush) Artemisia douglasiana Bess. Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ( Basin Sagebrush) Aster adscendens Lind!. Aster alpigenus ( T. & G.) Gray ssp. andersonii ( Gray) Onno Aster eatonii ( Gray) Howell Aster integrifolius Nutt. Aster occidentalis ( Nutt.) T. & G. Balsamorhiza sagittata ( Pursh) Nutt. ( Arrowleaf Balsam Root) Chaenactis alpigena S. W. Sharsm. Chaenactis douglasii ( Hook.) H. & A. var. rubricaulis ( Rydb.) Ferris Chrysopsis breweri Gray ( Golden Aster) Chrysothamnus nauseosus ( Pall.) Britton ssp. albicaulis ( Nutt.) Hall & Clem. ( Rubber Rabbitbrush) Chrysothamnus parryi ( Gray) Greene ssp. nevadensis ( Gray) Hall & Clem. ( Parry's Rabbitbrush) Cichorium intybus L. ( Chicory) Cirsium andersonii ( Gray) Petr. ( Anderson's Thistle) Cirsium vulgare ( Savi) Ten. ( Bull Thistle) Crepis acuminata Nutt. Crepis occidentalis Nutt. Erigeron breweri Gray Erigeron coul teri Porter Erigeron divergens T. & G. Erigeron inornatus ( Gray) Gray Erigeron nevadincola Blake Erigeron peregrinus ( Pursh) Greene ssp. callianthemus ( Greene) Cronq. Erigeron peregrinus ssp. callianthemus var. angustifolius ( Gray) Cronq. Eriophyllum lanatum ( Pursh) Forbes var. integrifolium ( Hook.) Smiley Eupatorium occidentale Hook. Gnaphalium microcephalum Nutt. ( Cnrlweed) Gnaphalium palustre Nutt. Haplopappus bloomeri Gray Haplopappus lanceolatus ( Hook.) T. & G. Haplopappus suCCruticosus ( Nutt.) Gray Helianthus annuus L. ssp. lenticularis ( Doug!.) Ckll. ( Common Sunflower) Hieracium albiClorum Hook. ( White Flowered Hawksbeard) Hieracium horridum Fries ( Shaggy Hawksbeard) Lactuca serriola L. ( Prickly Lettuce) Lygodesmia spinosa Nutt. ( Thorny Skeleton Weed) Machaeranthera canescens ( Pursh) Gray Madia elegans D. Don Madia glomerata Hook. Madia gracilis ( Sm.) Keck Madia minima ( Gray) Keck Malacothrix Cloccifera ( DC.) Blake Microseris nutans ( Hook.) Sch.- Bip. Senecio integerrimus Nutt. var. exaltatus ( Nutt.) Cronq. Senecio triangularis Hook. ( Arrowleaf Groundsel) Solidago canadensis L. ssp. elongata ( Nutt.) Keck ( Goldenrod) Stephanomeria tenuifolia ( Torr.) Hall Taraxacum officinale Wiggers ( Common Dandelion) Tetradymia canescens DC. ( Horsebrush) Tragopogon dubius Scop. Wyethia mollis Gray ( Mule- Ears) CORNACEAE Cornus stolonifera Michx. ( Creek Dogwood) CRUCIFERAE Arabis divaricarpa A. Nels. ( Rock Cress) Arabis glabra ( L.) Bernh. Arabis holboellii Hornem. var. pinetorum ( Tides.) Roll. Arabis holboellii var. retrofracta ( Grah.) Rydb. Arabis platysperma Gray Arabis platy sperma var. howellii ( Wats.) J eps. Arabis repanda Wats. Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb. ( Winter Cress) Capsella bursa- pastoris ( L.) Medic. ( Shepherd's Purse) Cardamine breweri Wats. ( Bitter Cress) Cardamine lyallii Wats. Descurainia californica ( Gray) O. E. Schulz ( Tansy Mustard) Dp- scurainia richardsonii ( Sweet) O. E. Schulz ssp. incisa ( Engelm.) Detl. Descurainia richardsonii ssp. viscosa ( Rydb.) Detl. Descurainia sophIa ( L.) Webb Draba asterophora Pays. Draba stenoloba Ledeb. var. nana ( O. E. Schulz) C. L. Hitchc. Draba verna L. Erysimum perenne ( Wats.) Abrams ( Sierra Wall Flower) Lepidium virginicum L. var. pubescens ( Greene) TheIl. Rorippa curvisiliqua ( Hook.) Bessey ( Western Yellow Cress) ERICACEAE Arctostaphylos nevadensis Gray ( Pine Mat Manzanita) Arctostaphylos patula Greene ( Greenleaf Manzanita) Phyllodoce breweri ( Gray) Heller ( Red Heather) Vaccininm occidentale Gray ( Western Blueberry) FAGACEAE Chrysolepis sempervirens ( Kell.) Hjelmquist ( Sierra Chin. quapin) Quercus vaccinifGha Kell. ( Huckleberry Oak) GENTIANACEAE Gentiana newberryi Gray ( Alpine Gentian) Gentiana simplex Gray ( Hiker's Gentian) GERANIACEAE Erodium cicutarium ( L.) L . Her. ( Filaree) HYDROPHYLLACEAE Hesperochiron californicus ( Benth.) Wats. Nemophila spatulata Cov. Phacelia hastata Dougl. Phacelia heterophylla Pursh ssp. virgata ( Greene) Heckard Phacelia humilis T. & G. Phacelia hydrophylloides Torr. Phacelia ramosissima Dougl. HYPERICACEAE Hypericum anagalloides Cham. & Schlecht. ( Tinker's Penny) Hypericum formosum HBK. var. scouleri ( Hook.) Coult. LABIATAE Agastache urticifolia ( Benth.) Kuntze Marrubium vulgare L. ( Horehound) Mentha arvensis L. ( Mint) Monardella odoratissima Benth. ssp. glauca ( Greene) Epl. ( Pennyroyal) Prunella vulgaris L. ssp. lanceolata ( Barton) Hult. ( Selfheal) Scutellaria galericulata L. ( Marsh Skullcap) LEGUMINOSAE Astragalus sp. Lathyrus lanszwertii Kell. ( Nevada Pea) Lotus nevadensis Greene ( Sierra Nevada Lotus) Lotus purshianus ( Benth.) Clem. & Clem. ( Spanish Clover) Lupinus andersonii Wats. Lupinus meionanthus Gray Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl. ssp. superbus ( Heller) Munz Lupinus sellulus Kell. Trifolium longipes Nutt. ssp. hansenii ( Greene) J. M. Gillett Trifolium monanthum Gray Trifolium repens L. ( White Clover) Trifolium wormskioldii L ehm. LIMNANTHACEAE Floerkea proserpinacoides Willd. LOASACEAE Mentzelia congesta ( Nutt.) T. & G. Mentzelia congesta var. davidsoniana ( Abrams) Macbr. Mentzelia dispersa Wats. LORANTHACEAE Arceuthobium campylopodum Engelm. ( We s t ern D w a rf Mi stletoe) MALVACEAE Sidalcea mul tifida Greene Sidalcea oregana ( Nutt.) Gray ssp. spicata ( Regel) C. L. Hitchc. ONAGRACEAE Boisduvalia densiflora ( Lindl.) Wats. Circaea alpina L. var. pacifica ( Asch. & Magnus) Jones ( Enchanter's Nightshade) Clarkia lassenensis ( Eastw.) Lewis & Lewis Epilobium adenocaulon Hausskn. Epilobium angustifolium L. ( Fireweed) Epiloblum breyistylum Barb. Epilobium exaltatum E. Drew Epilobium glaberrimum Barb. Epilobium oregonense Hausskn. Epilobium paniculatum Nutt. Gayophytum diffusum T. & G. ssp. parviflorum Lewis & Szweykowski Gayophytum heterozygum Lewis & Szweykowski Gayophytum racemosum T. & G. Oenothera contorta Dougl. Oenothera subacaulis ( Pursh) Garret P AEONIACEAE P aeonia brownii Dougl. ( P eony) PAPAVERACEAE Argemone munita Dur. & Hilg. ( Prickly Poppy) POLEMONIACEAE Allophyllum integrifolium ( Brand) A. & V. Grant Allophyllum violaceum ( Heller) A. & V. Grant Collomia grandifiora Dougl. Collomia linearis Nutt. Eriastrum sparsiflorum ( Eastw.) Mason Gilia capillaris Kell. Ipomopsis aggregata ( Pursh) V. Grant ( Scarlet Gilia) Leptodactylon pungens ( Torr.) Rydb. ssp. pulchrifiorum ( Brand) Mason ( Prickly Phlox) Linanthus ciliatus ( Benth.) Greene Linanthus harknessii ( Curran) Greene Microsteris gracilis ( Hook.) Greene N avarretia breweri ( Gray) Greene Navarretia divaricata ( Torr.) Greene Navarretia pr. opinqua Suksd. Phlox diffusa Benth. Phlox stansburyi ( Torr.) Heller Polemonium caeruleum L. ssp. amygdalinum ( Wherry) Munz ( Jacob's Ladder) Polemonium californicum Eastw. POLYGONACEAE Eriogonum elatum Dougl. ( Buckwheat) Eriogonum lobbii T. & G. Eriogonum marifolium T. & G. Eriogonum nudum Dougl. Eriogonum ovalifolium Nutt. var. eximium ( Tides.) J. T. Howell Eriogonum spergulinunl Gray var. reddingianum ( Jones) J. T. Howell Eriogonum umbellatum Torr. var. nevadense Gand. Eriogonum wrightii Torr. ssp. subscaposum ( Wats.) S. Stokes Polygonum aviculare L. ( Common Knotweed) Polygonum bistortoides Pursh. ( Lady's Thumb) Polygonum douglasii Greene var. latifolium ( Engelm.) Greene Polygonum kelloggii Greene Polygonum minimum Wats. ( Least Knotweed) Polygonum phytolaccifolium Meissn. ( Mountain Lace) Polygonum shastense Brew. Rumex acetosella L. ( Sheep Sorrel) Rumex crispus L. ( Curl~ Dock) Rumex utahensis Rech. PORTULACACEAE Calyptridium umbellatum ( Torr.) Greene ( Pussypaws) Lewisia nevadensi s ( Gray) Ro b. Montia chamissoi ( Ledeb.) Dur. & Jacks. Montia linea, ris ( Dougl.) Greene Montia perfoliata ( Donn) Howell var. depressa ( Gray) J eps. ( Miner's Lettuce) PRIMULACEAE Dodecatheon alpinum ( Gray) Greene ssp. majus H. J. Thomps. ( Alpine Shooting Star) PYROLACEAE Chimaphila menziesii ( R. Br.) Spreng. ( Pipsissewa) Pterospora andromedea Nutt. ( Pinedrops) Pyrola asarifolia Michx. var. purpurea ( Bunge) Fern. Pyrola picta Sm. Pyrola secunda L. Sarcodes sanguinea Torr. ( Snowplant) RANUNCULACEAE Aconitum columbianum Nutt. · ( Monkshood) Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ( Columbine) Delphinium glaucum Wats. ( Larkspur) Delphinium nuttallianum Pri tz. Delphinium sonnei Greene Myosurus minimus L. ssp. montanu~ Campb. ( Mouse Tail) Ranunculus alismifolius Geyer var. hartwegii ( Greene) Jeps. ( Buttercup) Ranunculus alismifolius var. lemmonii ( Gray) L. Benson Ranunculus occidentalis Nutt. Ranunculus uncinatus D. Don Thalictrum fendleri Engelm. ( Meadow Rue) , RHAMNACEAE Ceanothus cordulatus Kell. ( Snow Brush) Ceanothus prostratus Benth. ( Mahala Mat) Ceanothus velutinus Doug!. ( Tobacco Brush) ROSACEAE Amelanchier pallida Greene ( Service Berry) Cercocarpus ledifo1ius Nutt. ( Mountain Mahogany) Fragaria virginiana L. ssp. platypetala Staudt. ( Strawberry) GeUt:- i macrophyHum Willd. ( Large Leaved Avens) Holodiscus boursieri ( Carr.) Rehd. ( Cliff Spray) Horkelia fusca Lindl. ssp. pseudocapitata ( Rhyb.) Keck Potentilla glandulosa Lindl: ssp. hansenii ( Greene) Keck Potentilla gracilis Doug!. ssp. nuttallii ( Lehm.) Keck Prunus andersonii Gray ( Desert Peach) Rubus parviflorus Nu tt. ( Thimble Berry) Sorbus californica Greene ( Mountain Ash) Spiraea densiflora Nutt. ( Sierra Spiraea) RUBIACEAE Galium aparine L. ( Bedstraw) Galium bifolium Wats. Galium triCidum L. var. pusillum Gray Galium triCidum var. subbiflorum Wieg. Kelloggia galioides Torr. SALICACEAE Populus tremuloides Michx. ( Quaking Aspen) Populus trichocarpa T. & G. ( Black Cottonwood) Salix geyeriana Anderss. var. argentea ( Bebb.) C. K. Schneid Salix lasiandra Benth. ( Yellow Willow) Salix lasiolepis Benth. ( Arroyo Willow) Salix lemmonii Bebb ( Lemmon's Willow) Salix scouleriana Barr. ( Scouler Willow) SAXIFRAGACEAE Li thophragma glabrum Nutt. ( Woodland Star) Lithophragma parviflorum ( Hook.) Nutt. Mitella breweri Gray ( Bishop's Cap) Ribes cereum Doug!. ( Squaw Current) Ribes divaricatum Doug!. var. inerme ( Rydb.) McMinn Ribes lasianthum Greene ( Alpine Gooseberry) Ribes nevadense Kell. ( Si erra Curran t) Ribes viscosi · ssimum Pursh var. hallii Jancz. ( Sticky Currant) Saxifraga aprica Greene ( Sierra Saxifrage) Saxifraga oregana Howell ( Bog Saxifrage) SCRQPHULARIACEAE Castilleja applegatei Fern. var. fragilis ( Zeile) N. Holmgren. ( Indian Paintbrush) Castilleja miniata Dougl. Castilleja nana Eastw. Collinsia parviflora Dougl. ( Blue Eyed Mary) Mimulus breweri ( Greene) Cov. ( Monkey Flower) Mimulus guttatus Fisch. Mimulus lewisii Pursh Mimulus mephiticus Greene Mimulus moschatus Dougl. Mimulus primuloides Benth. var. pilosellus ( Greene) Smiley Mimulus suksdorfii Gray Mimulus tilingii Regel Orthocarpus hispidus Benth. Pedicularis groenlandica Retz. ( Elephant Head) Pedicularis semibarbata Gray ( Pine Pedicularis) Penstemon deustus Dougl. ( Hot- Rock Penstemon) Penstemon gracilentus Gray ( Slender Penstemon) Penstemon newberryi Gray ( Pride of the Mountain) Penstemon procerus Dougl. ssp. formosus ( A. Nels.) Keck Penstemon rydbergii A. Nels. ( Whorled Penstemon) Penstemon speciosus Dougl. ( Showy Penstemon) Verbascum thapsus L. ( Common Mullein) Veronica americana ( Raf.) Schw. (~ merican Brooklime) Veronica peregrina L. ssp. xalapensis ( HBK.) Penn. Veronica serpyllifolia L. var. humifusa ( Dickson) Vahl UMBELLIFERAE Angelica breweri Gray Heracleum maximum Bartw. ( Cow Parsnip) Ligusticum grayi Coult. & Rose ( Lovage) Osmorhiza chilensi~ H. & A. ( Sweet Cicely) Osmorhiza occidentalis ( Nutt.) Torr. Perideridia bolanderi ( Gray) Nelson & Macbr. ( Yampah) Perideridia lemmonii ( Coult. & Rose) Chuang & Constance Perideridia parishii ( Coult. & Rose) Nelson & Macbr. ssp. latifolia ( Gray) Chuang & Constance Sanicula graveolens Poepp. Sph enosciadium capitellatum Gray ( Button Parsley) Prunus emarginata ( Dougl.) Walp. ( Bitter Cherry) URTICACEAE Purshia tridentata ( Pursh) DC. ( Bitter Brush) Urtica serra Blume ( Stinging Nettle) Rosa woodsii Lindl. var. ultramontana ( Wats.) Jeps. VALERIANACEAE ( Mountain Rose) Valeriana capitata Pall. ssp. californica ( Heller) F. G. Mey. VIOLACEAE Viola macloskeyi Lloyd Viola purpurea Kell. ssp. dimorpha Baker & Clausen MONOCOTYLEDONEAE AMARYLLIDACEAE Allium bisceptrum Wats. Allium campanulatum Wats. Allium tribracteatum Torr. Allium validum Wats. ( Swamp Onion) Brodiaea hyacinthina ( Lind!.) Baker ( White Brodiaea) Muilla transmontana Greene CYPERACEAE Carex ampliColia Boott Carex athrostachya Olney Carex aurea~ utt. ( Golden Sedge) Carex capitata L. ( Artie Sedge) Carex disperma Dewey Carex douglasii Boott Carex exserta Mkze. ( Short- hair Sedge) Carex Cestivella Mkze. Carex fi s suricola Mkze. Carex Cracta Mkze. Carex heteroneura W. Boott Carex integra Mkze. Carex jonesii Bailey Carex lanuginosa Michx. -( Wooly Sedge) Carex leporinel1a Mkze. Carex leptopoda Mkze. Carex multicostata Mkze. Carex nebrascensis Dewey Carex nervina Bailey Carex pachystachya Cham. Carex praegracilis W. Boott Carex rossii Boott Carex rostrata Stokes ( Bottle Sedge) Carex simulata Mkze. Carex specifica Bailey Carex subCusca W. Boott Carex teneriCormis Mkze. Eleocharis acicularis ( L.) R. & S. ( Slender Spikerush) Eleocharis macrostachya Britton ( Common Spikerush) Eleocharis quinqueClora ( F. X. Hartmann) O. Schwarz Scirpus microcarpus Presl ( P anicle Bulrush) GRAMINEAE Agropyron trachycaulum ( Link) Malte ( Slender Wheatgrass Agrostis diegoensis Vasey ( Thin Grass) Agrostis exarata Trin. ( Spike Bentgrass) Agrostis idahoensis Nash ( Idaho Redtop) Agrostis scabra Willd. ( Tickle Grass) Agrostis stolonifera L. var. major ( Gaudin) Farwell ( Redtop) Agrostis thurberiana Hitchc. ( Thurber Bentgrass) Agrostis variabilis Rydb. ( Mountain Bentgrass) Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. ( Short Awn Foxtail) Avena fatua L. ( Oat) Bromus inermis Leyss. ( Smooth Brome) Bromus marginatlls Nees. ( Mountain Brome) Bromus tectorum L. ( Cheat Grass) Calamagrostis canadensis ( Michx.) Beauv. ( Canadian Reedgrass) Calamagrostis inexpansa Gray ( Northern Reedgrass) Cinna latiColia ( Trev.) Griseb. ( Drooping Woodreed) Dactylis glomerata L. ( Orchard Grass) Deschampsia caespitosa ( L.) Beauv. ,( Tufted Hairgrass) Deschampsia danthonioides ( Trin.) Munro ( Annual Hairgrass) Deschampsia elongata ( Hook.) Munro ( Slender Hairgrass) Elymus glaucus Buckl. ( Blue Wild Rye) Elymus triticoides Buckl. ( Creeping Wild Rye) Festuca rubra L. ( Red Fescue) Festuca subulata Trin. ( Bearded Fescue) Festuca viridula Vasey ( Greenleaf Fescue) Glyceria elata ( Nash) Hitchc. ( Tall Mannagrass) Glyceria pauciflora Presl. ( Mannagrass) Hordeum brachyantherum Nevski ( Meadow Barley) Hordeum caliCornicum Covas & Steb. Lolium perenne L. ( Perennial Ryegrass) Melica bulbosa Geyer ( Onion Grass) Melica Cugax Bol. ( Little Onion Grass) Melica stricta Bol. ( Rock Melic) Muhlenbergia andina ( Nutt.) Hitchc. ( Foxtail Mulily) Muhlenbergia Ciliformis ( Thurb.) Rydb. ( Pullup Muhly) Muhlenbergia richardsonis ( Trin.) Rydb. ( Mat Muhly) Oryzopsis hymenoides ( R. & S.) Ricker ( Indian Ricegrass) Phleum alpinum L. ( Mountain Timothy) Phleum pratense L. ( Timothy) Poa annua L. ( Annual Bluegrass) Poa bolanderi Vasey ( Bolander Bluegrass) Poa canbyi ( Sc'ribn.) Piper ( Canby Bluegrass) Poa compressa L. ( Canadian Bluegrass) Poa cusickii Vasey ( Cusick Bluegrass) Poa epilis Scribn. ( Skyline Bluegrass) Poa Cendleriana ( Steud.) Vasey ( Mutton Grass) Poa gracillima Vasey ( Pacific Bluegrass) Poa nevadensis Vasey ( Nevada Bluegrass) Poa nervosa ( Hook.) Vasey ( Wheeler Bluegrass) Poa palustris L. ( Fowl" Bluegrass) Poa pratensis L. ( Kentucky Bluegrass) Poa sandbergii Vasey ( Sandberg Bluegrass) Poa scabrella ( Thurb.) Benth. ( Pine Bluegrass) Sitanion hystrix ( Nutt.) J. G. Sm. ( Squirrel Tail) Stipa caliCornica Merr. & Davy ( CaliCornia Needlegrass) Stipa columbiana Macoun. ( Columbia Needlegrass) Stipa occidentalis Thurb. ( Western Needlegrass) Trisetum canescens Buckl. ( Tall Trisetum) Trisetum spicatum ( L.) Richt. ( Spike Trisetum) Trisetum wolCii Vasey ( WoIC's Trisetum) JUNCACEAE Juncus abjectus F. J. Herm. Juncus balticus Willd. ( Wire Rush) Juncus bryoides F. J. Herm. Juncus buConius L. ( Toad Rush) Juncus chlorocephalus Engelm. Juncus drummondii E. Mey. Juncus ensiColius Wikstr. Juncus hemiendytus F. J. Herm. Juncus longistylis Torr. Juncus nevadensis Wats. Juncus parryi Engelm. Juncus sphaerocarpus Nees. Luzula comosa E. Mey. ( Wood Rush) Luzula divaricata Wats. Luzula subcongesta ( Wats.) Jeps. IRIDACEAE Iris missouriensis Nutt. ( Western Blue Flag) Sisyrinchium idahoense Bickn. ( Blue- Eyed Grass) LEMNACEAE Lemna gibba L. Lemna trisulca L. LILIACEAE Calochortus leichtlinii Hook. ( Mariposa Lily) Calochortus nuttallii Torr. var. bruneaunis ( Nels.& Macbr.) Ownbey Camassia quamash ( Pursh) Greene ssp. breviClora Gould Fri tillaria atropurpurea Nutt. ( Fri ttillary) Lilium parvum Kell. ( Alpine Lily) Smilacina stellata ( L.) DesC. ( False Solomon's Seal) Veratrum caliCornicum Durand ( Corn Lily) ORCHIDACEAE Corallorhiza maculata RaC. ( Spotted Coral Root) Habenaria dilatata ( Pursh) Hook. var. leucostachys ( Lindl.) Ames Habenaria sparsiflora Wats. Listera convallarioides ( Sw.) Torr. ( Twayblade) Spiranthes romanzoffiana C. & S. POTAMOGETONACEAE Potamogeton Coliosus RaC. ( Pondweed)
|
|---|