Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA
The muscles of herbivores commonly harbor sarcocysts of parasites belonging to species in the genus Sarcocystis, but such muscle parasites are rare in carnivores. Here, we report Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts in muscles of Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA, for the first time. The...
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ftunivnebraskali:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:usdaarsfacpub-3231 2023-11-12T04:10:27+01:00 Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA Cerqueira-Cézar, Camila K. Thompson, Peter C. Verma, Shiv Kummar Mowery, Joseph Calero-Bernal, Rafael Antunes Murata, Fernando H. Sinnett, David R. Hemert, Caroline Van Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Dubey, Jitender P. 2017-05-15T07:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/2230 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/usdaarsfacpub/article/3231/viewcontent/Cerqueira_PR_2017_Morphological_and_molecular.pdf unknown DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/2230 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/usdaarsfacpub/article/3231/viewcontent/Cerqueira_PR_2017_Morphological_and_molecular.pdf Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty Arctic fox . Vulpes lagopus . Sarcocystis . Ultrastructure . Phylogeny text 2017 ftunivnebraskali 2023-10-30T11:54:27Z The muscles of herbivores commonly harbor sarcocysts of parasites belonging to species in the genus Sarcocystis, but such muscle parasites are rare in carnivores. Here, we report Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts in muscles of Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA, for the first time. The tongues of 56 foxes were examined for Sarcocystis infection using several methods. Sarcocystis bradyzoites were detected in pepsin digests of 13 (23.2%), and sarcocysts were found in histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) of 9 (16.0%). By light microscopy, sarcocysts were up to 4 mm long and up to 245 μm wide. In HE-stained sections, the sarcocyst wall appeared smooth and up to 1.5 μm thick without visible protrusions. By transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall had a wavy parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (pvm) folded as pleomorphic villar protrusions (vp), sometimes with anastomoses of villar tips. The vp and the ground substance (gs) layer were smooth and without microtubules. The gs was up to 2.0 μm thick. The total width of the wall including vp and the gs was up to 4.0 μm. The vp were up to 3.0 μm long and most closely resembled “type 9c.” All sarcocysts were mature and contained numerous 8.1 × 2.1 μm sized bradyzoites. Molecular characterization (at 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, ITS- 1, and cox1) showed the highest affinity for S. arctica of the Arctic fox (V. lagopus) from Norway. In the present investigation, we provide evidence that sarcocysts are common in tongues of Alaskan Arctic foxes suggesting that these carnivores are serving as intermediate hosts, and we also provide ultrastructure of S. arctica from the Arctic fox for the first time. Text Arctic Fox Arctic Vulpes lagopus Alaska University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL Arctic Norway |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnebraskali |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Arctic fox . Vulpes lagopus . Sarcocystis . Ultrastructure . Phylogeny |
spellingShingle |
Arctic fox . Vulpes lagopus . Sarcocystis . Ultrastructure . Phylogeny Cerqueira-Cézar, Camila K. Thompson, Peter C. Verma, Shiv Kummar Mowery, Joseph Calero-Bernal, Rafael Antunes Murata, Fernando H. Sinnett, David R. Hemert, Caroline Van Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Dubey, Jitender P. Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA |
topic_facet |
Arctic fox . Vulpes lagopus . Sarcocystis . Ultrastructure . Phylogeny |
description |
The muscles of herbivores commonly harbor sarcocysts of parasites belonging to species in the genus Sarcocystis, but such muscle parasites are rare in carnivores. Here, we report Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts in muscles of Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA, for the first time. The tongues of 56 foxes were examined for Sarcocystis infection using several methods. Sarcocystis bradyzoites were detected in pepsin digests of 13 (23.2%), and sarcocysts were found in histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) of 9 (16.0%). By light microscopy, sarcocysts were up to 4 mm long and up to 245 μm wide. In HE-stained sections, the sarcocyst wall appeared smooth and up to 1.5 μm thick without visible protrusions. By transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall had a wavy parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (pvm) folded as pleomorphic villar protrusions (vp), sometimes with anastomoses of villar tips. The vp and the ground substance (gs) layer were smooth and without microtubules. The gs was up to 2.0 μm thick. The total width of the wall including vp and the gs was up to 4.0 μm. The vp were up to 3.0 μm long and most closely resembled “type 9c.” All sarcocysts were mature and contained numerous 8.1 × 2.1 μm sized bradyzoites. Molecular characterization (at 18S rDNA, 28S rDNA, ITS- 1, and cox1) showed the highest affinity for S. arctica of the Arctic fox (V. lagopus) from Norway. In the present investigation, we provide evidence that sarcocysts are common in tongues of Alaskan Arctic foxes suggesting that these carnivores are serving as intermediate hosts, and we also provide ultrastructure of S. arctica from the Arctic fox for the first time. |
format |
Text |
author |
Cerqueira-Cézar, Camila K. Thompson, Peter C. Verma, Shiv Kummar Mowery, Joseph Calero-Bernal, Rafael Antunes Murata, Fernando H. Sinnett, David R. Hemert, Caroline Van Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Dubey, Jitender P. |
author_facet |
Cerqueira-Cézar, Camila K. Thompson, Peter C. Verma, Shiv Kummar Mowery, Joseph Calero-Bernal, Rafael Antunes Murata, Fernando H. Sinnett, David R. Hemert, Caroline Van Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Dubey, Jitender P. |
author_sort |
Cerqueira-Cézar, Camila K. |
title |
Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA |
title_short |
Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA |
title_full |
Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA |
title_fullStr |
Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA |
title_full_unstemmed |
Morphological and molecular characterization of Sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) from Alaska, USA |
title_sort |
morphological and molecular characterization of sarcocystis arctica-like sarcocysts from the arctic fox (vulpes lagopus) from alaska, usa |
publisher |
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/2230 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/usdaarsfacpub/article/3231/viewcontent/Cerqueira_PR_2017_Morphological_and_molecular.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic Norway |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Norway |
genre |
Arctic Fox Arctic Vulpes lagopus Alaska |
genre_facet |
Arctic Fox Arctic Vulpes lagopus Alaska |
op_source |
Publications from USDA-ARS / UNL Faculty |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdaarsfacpub/2230 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/usdaarsfacpub/article/3231/viewcontent/Cerqueira_PR_2017_Morphological_and_molecular.pdf |
_version_ |
1782329911580557312 |