Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications
We evaluated anthraquinone as an avian repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications. We observed zero mortalities and no overt signs of zinc phosphide toxicosis among 20 Canada geese (Branta canadensis), 24 horned larks (Eremophila alpestris), and 47 ring...
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ftunivnebraskali:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:icwdm_usdanwrc-2376 2023-11-12T04:15:26+01:00 Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications Werner, Scott J. Tupper, Shelagh K. Pettit, Susan E. Carlson, James C. Linz, George M. 2011-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/1378 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/2376/viewcontent/Werner_AABS_2011_Anthraquinone_repellent.pdf unknown DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/1378 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/2376/viewcontent/Werner_AABS_2011_Anthraquinone_repellent.pdf USDA Wildlife Services - Staff Publications Branta Canadensis Chemical repellent Cynomys ludovicianus Eremophila alpestris Feeding behavior Phasianus colchicus text 2011 ftunivnebraskali 2023-10-30T11:06:16Z We evaluated anthraquinone as an avian repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications. We observed zero mortalities and no overt signs of zinc phosphide toxicosis among 20 Canada geese (Branta canadensis), 24 horned larks (Eremophila alpestris), and 47 ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) offered baits treated with 1% or 2% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide (target concentrations; wt/wt) during laboratory performance experiments. Thus, anthraquinone successfully prevented consumption of 2% zinc phosphide baits among non-target birds in captivity. We observed 10% mortality among black-tailed prairie dogs (i.e., target rodent; Cynomys ludovicianus) offered oats treated with 1% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide, and 30% mortality among blacktailed prairie dogs offered oats treated with 2% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide. Upon completion of our experiments, chemical analyses indicated that actual concentrations were 1.66% and 1.45% zinc phosphide among oats treated with1% anthraquinone + 2% zinc phosphide, and 2% anthraquinone + 2% zinc phosphide, respectively. We observed 24–37% repellency during a concentration–response test with black-tailed prairie dogs offered corn seeds treated with 0.5–4% anthraquinone (target concentrations; wt/wt). Thus, anthraquinone may affect consumption of repellent-treated rodenticide baits for black-tailed prairie dogs. Supplemental performance testing and field efficacy studies (e.g., 0.25–0.5% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide, actual concentrations; wt/wt) are necessary for further development of an efficacious, bird-repellent rodenticide bait. Text Branta canadensis Eremophila alpestris University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL Canada |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnebraskali |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Branta Canadensis Chemical repellent Cynomys ludovicianus Eremophila alpestris Feeding behavior Phasianus colchicus |
spellingShingle |
Branta Canadensis Chemical repellent Cynomys ludovicianus Eremophila alpestris Feeding behavior Phasianus colchicus Werner, Scott J. Tupper, Shelagh K. Pettit, Susan E. Carlson, James C. Linz, George M. Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
topic_facet |
Branta Canadensis Chemical repellent Cynomys ludovicianus Eremophila alpestris Feeding behavior Phasianus colchicus |
description |
We evaluated anthraquinone as an avian repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications. We observed zero mortalities and no overt signs of zinc phosphide toxicosis among 20 Canada geese (Branta canadensis), 24 horned larks (Eremophila alpestris), and 47 ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) offered baits treated with 1% or 2% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide (target concentrations; wt/wt) during laboratory performance experiments. Thus, anthraquinone successfully prevented consumption of 2% zinc phosphide baits among non-target birds in captivity. We observed 10% mortality among black-tailed prairie dogs (i.e., target rodent; Cynomys ludovicianus) offered oats treated with 1% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide, and 30% mortality among blacktailed prairie dogs offered oats treated with 2% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide. Upon completion of our experiments, chemical analyses indicated that actual concentrations were 1.66% and 1.45% zinc phosphide among oats treated with1% anthraquinone + 2% zinc phosphide, and 2% anthraquinone + 2% zinc phosphide, respectively. We observed 24–37% repellency during a concentration–response test with black-tailed prairie dogs offered corn seeds treated with 0.5–4% anthraquinone (target concentrations; wt/wt). Thus, anthraquinone may affect consumption of repellent-treated rodenticide baits for black-tailed prairie dogs. Supplemental performance testing and field efficacy studies (e.g., 0.25–0.5% anthraquinone and 2% zinc phosphide, actual concentrations; wt/wt) are necessary for further development of an efficacious, bird-repellent rodenticide bait. |
format |
Text |
author |
Werner, Scott J. Tupper, Shelagh K. Pettit, Susan E. Carlson, James C. Linz, George M. |
author_facet |
Werner, Scott J. Tupper, Shelagh K. Pettit, Susan E. Carlson, James C. Linz, George M. |
author_sort |
Werner, Scott J. |
title |
Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
title_short |
Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
title_full |
Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
title_fullStr |
Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
title_sort |
anthraquinone repellent to reduce take of non-target birds from zinc phosphide rodenticide applications |
publisher |
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/1378 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/2376/viewcontent/Werner_AABS_2011_Anthraquinone_repellent.pdf |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Branta canadensis Eremophila alpestris |
genre_facet |
Branta canadensis Eremophila alpestris |
op_source |
USDA Wildlife Services - Staff Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/1378 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/2376/viewcontent/Werner_AABS_2011_Anthraquinone_repellent.pdf |
_version_ |
1782332719653453824 |