Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants
Wildlife repellents provide a non-lethal alternative for managing the monetary impacts of agricultural depredation. For the purpose of developing of an effective avian repellent, we established repellency thresholds of an anthraquinone-based repellent for Canada geese (Branta canadensis), red-winged...
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ftunivnebraskali:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:icwdm_usdanwrc-1980 2023-11-12T04:15:26+01:00 Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants Werner, Scott J. Carlson, James C. Tupper, Shelagh K. Santer, Michele M. Linz, George M. 2009-01-01T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/983 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/1980/viewcontent/werner091.pdf unknown DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/983 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/1980/viewcontent/werner091.pdf USDA Wildlife Services - Staff Publications Environmental Sciences text 2009 ftunivnebraskali 2023-10-30T10:43:25Z Wildlife repellents provide a non-lethal alternative for managing the monetary impacts of agricultural depredation. For the purpose of developing of an effective avian repellent, we established repellency thresholds of an anthraquinone-based repellent for Canada geese (Branta canadensis), red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), and ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in captivity. We conducted a concentration–response experiment with Canada geese offered cornseeds treated with six concentrations of Avipel repellent (a.i. 50% 9,10-anthraquinone). Based upon our laboratory efficacy data, we used non-linear regression to predict a threshold concentration of 1450 ppm anthraquinone for geese offered treated corn seeds (i.e., 80% repellency; r2 = 0.85, P = 0.009). We also observed a positive concentration–response relationship among red-winged blackbirds offered Avipel-treated rice (r2 = 0.70, P = 0.039) and sunflower seeds (r2 = 0.84, P = 0.010). We predicted a threshold concentration of 1475 ppm anthraquinone for blackbirds offered treated sunflower seeds. Blackbirds also reliably discriminated between untreated food and rice treated with 2325 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 3414.05, P< 0.0001) or sunflower treated with 1778 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 175.39, P< 0.0001). We observed a positive concentration–response relationship among ring-necked pheasants offered corn (r2 = 0.95, P = 0.001) and sunflower seeds (r2 = 0.99, P< 0.001) treated with Avipel. We predicted a threshold concentration of 10,450 ppm anthraquinone for pheasants offered treated corn seeds. Pheasants also reliably discriminated between untreated food and corn treated with 1900 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 919.86, P < 0.0001) or hulled sunflower treated with 1140 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 177.35, P< 0.0001). Avipel seed treatments effectively conditioned avoidance of treated seeds among Canada geese, red-winged blackbirds, and ring-necked pheasants. Our laboratory efficacy data provide a reliable basis for planning future ... Text Branta canadensis University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL Canada |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnebraskali |
language |
unknown |
topic |
Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Environmental Sciences Werner, Scott J. Carlson, James C. Tupper, Shelagh K. Santer, Michele M. Linz, George M. Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants |
topic_facet |
Environmental Sciences |
description |
Wildlife repellents provide a non-lethal alternative for managing the monetary impacts of agricultural depredation. For the purpose of developing of an effective avian repellent, we established repellency thresholds of an anthraquinone-based repellent for Canada geese (Branta canadensis), red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus), and ring-necked pheasants (Phasianus colchicus) in captivity. We conducted a concentration–response experiment with Canada geese offered cornseeds treated with six concentrations of Avipel repellent (a.i. 50% 9,10-anthraquinone). Based upon our laboratory efficacy data, we used non-linear regression to predict a threshold concentration of 1450 ppm anthraquinone for geese offered treated corn seeds (i.e., 80% repellency; r2 = 0.85, P = 0.009). We also observed a positive concentration–response relationship among red-winged blackbirds offered Avipel-treated rice (r2 = 0.70, P = 0.039) and sunflower seeds (r2 = 0.84, P = 0.010). We predicted a threshold concentration of 1475 ppm anthraquinone for blackbirds offered treated sunflower seeds. Blackbirds also reliably discriminated between untreated food and rice treated with 2325 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 3414.05, P< 0.0001) or sunflower treated with 1778 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 175.39, P< 0.0001). We observed a positive concentration–response relationship among ring-necked pheasants offered corn (r2 = 0.95, P = 0.001) and sunflower seeds (r2 = 0.99, P< 0.001) treated with Avipel. We predicted a threshold concentration of 10,450 ppm anthraquinone for pheasants offered treated corn seeds. Pheasants also reliably discriminated between untreated food and corn treated with 1900 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 919.86, P < 0.0001) or hulled sunflower treated with 1140 ppm anthraquinone (F1,10 = 177.35, P< 0.0001). Avipel seed treatments effectively conditioned avoidance of treated seeds among Canada geese, red-winged blackbirds, and ring-necked pheasants. Our laboratory efficacy data provide a reliable basis for planning future ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Werner, Scott J. Carlson, James C. Tupper, Shelagh K. Santer, Michele M. Linz, George M. |
author_facet |
Werner, Scott J. Carlson, James C. Tupper, Shelagh K. Santer, Michele M. Linz, George M. |
author_sort |
Werner, Scott J. |
title |
Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants |
title_short |
Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants |
title_full |
Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants |
title_fullStr |
Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants |
title_full_unstemmed |
Threshold Concentrations of an Anthraquinone-Based Repellent for Canada Geese, Red-Winged Blackbirds, and Ring-Necked Pheasants |
title_sort |
threshold concentrations of an anthraquinone-based repellent for canada geese, red-winged blackbirds, and ring-necked pheasants |
publisher |
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln |
publishDate |
2009 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/983 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/1980/viewcontent/werner091.pdf |
geographic |
Canada |
geographic_facet |
Canada |
genre |
Branta canadensis |
genre_facet |
Branta canadensis |
op_source |
USDA Wildlife Services - Staff Publications |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/icwdm_usdanwrc/983 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/icwdm_usdanwrc/article/1980/viewcontent/werner091.pdf |
_version_ |
1782332741723881472 |