Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI
An important aspect of medical analysis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) commonly utilizes contrast agents to enhance signal resolution. Currently, the vast majority of contrast agents contain the element gadolinium (Gd). Thermodynamic studies indicate that physiological ion replacement results in...
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ftunivnebraskali:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:honorsembargoed-1261 2023-11-12T04:24:10+01:00 Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI Ackerman, Elise 2022-03-07T08:00:00Z application/pdf https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorsembargoed/259 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/honorsembargoed/article/1261/viewcontent/Ackerman_Elise_Thesis.pdf unknown DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorsembargoed/259 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/honorsembargoed/article/1261/viewcontent/Ackerman_Elise_Thesis.pdf Embargoed Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln Chemistry Organic Radicals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Organic Synthesis Education Higher Education Organic Chemistry text 2022 ftunivnebraskali 2023-10-30T12:06:57Z An important aspect of medical analysis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) commonly utilizes contrast agents to enhance signal resolution. Currently, the vast majority of contrast agents contain the element gadolinium (Gd). Thermodynamic studies indicate that physiological ion replacement results in the release of free Gd3+ from gadolinium-based contrast media, resulting in potentially fatal consequences for patients with kidney disorders. Organic Radical Contrast Agents (ORCAs) present a safe alternative to gadolinium, providing comparable signal resolution while avoiding the toxic effects of heavy metal ions. Recent investigation has shown that ORCAs constructed using spirocyclohexyl nitroxides present promising water solubility, 1H water relaxivity (r1), and resistance to reduction by ascorbate in the bloodstream. Herein we present synthesis of key intermediates leading to a novel spirocyclohexyl nitroxide. The successful synthesis, purification, and characterization of multiple intermediates is demonstrated. Text Orca University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL |
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University of Nebraska-Lincoln: DigitalCommons@UNL |
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ftunivnebraskali |
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unknown |
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Chemistry Organic Radicals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Organic Synthesis Education Higher Education Organic Chemistry |
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Chemistry Organic Radicals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Organic Synthesis Education Higher Education Organic Chemistry Ackerman, Elise Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI |
topic_facet |
Chemistry Organic Radicals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Organic Synthesis Education Higher Education Organic Chemistry |
description |
An important aspect of medical analysis, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) commonly utilizes contrast agents to enhance signal resolution. Currently, the vast majority of contrast agents contain the element gadolinium (Gd). Thermodynamic studies indicate that physiological ion replacement results in the release of free Gd3+ from gadolinium-based contrast media, resulting in potentially fatal consequences for patients with kidney disorders. Organic Radical Contrast Agents (ORCAs) present a safe alternative to gadolinium, providing comparable signal resolution while avoiding the toxic effects of heavy metal ions. Recent investigation has shown that ORCAs constructed using spirocyclohexyl nitroxides present promising water solubility, 1H water relaxivity (r1), and resistance to reduction by ascorbate in the bloodstream. Herein we present synthesis of key intermediates leading to a novel spirocyclohexyl nitroxide. The successful synthesis, purification, and characterization of multiple intermediates is demonstrated. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ackerman, Elise |
author_facet |
Ackerman, Elise |
author_sort |
Ackerman, Elise |
title |
Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI |
title_short |
Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI |
title_full |
Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI |
title_fullStr |
Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI |
title_full_unstemmed |
Synthesis of Novel Spirocyclohexyl Nitroxide for Use as Organic Radical Contrast Agent (ORCA) in MRI |
title_sort |
synthesis of novel spirocyclohexyl nitroxide for use as organic radical contrast agent (orca) in mri |
publisher |
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorsembargoed/259 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/honorsembargoed/article/1261/viewcontent/Ackerman_Elise_Thesis.pdf |
genre |
Orca |
genre_facet |
Orca |
op_source |
Embargoed Honors Theses, University of Nebraska-Lincoln |
op_relation |
https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/honorsembargoed/259 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/context/honorsembargoed/article/1261/viewcontent/Ackerman_Elise_Thesis.pdf |
_version_ |
1782338718275731456 |