Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland
Strýtan Hydrothermal Field (SHF) is a submarine system located in Eyjafördur in northern Iceland composed of two main vents: Big Strýtan and Arnarnesstrýtan. The vents are shallow, ranging from 16 to 70 m water depth, and vent high pH (up to 10.2), moderate temperature (T max ∼70°C), anoxic, fre...
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ftunivnapoliiris:oai:www.iris.unina.it:11588/903405 2024-09-09T19:46:28+00:00 Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland Twing, Katrina I Ward, L M Kane, Zachary K Sanders, Alexa Price, Roy Edward Pendleton, H Lizethe Giovannelli, Donato Brazelton, William J McGlynn, Shawn E Twing, Katrina I Ward, L M Kane, Zachary K Sanders, Alexa Price, Roy Edward Pendleton, H Lizethe Giovannelli, Donato Brazelton, William J Mcglynn, Shawn E 2022 https://hdl.handle.net/11588/903405 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.960335 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000892779500001 volume:13 firstpage:960335 journal:FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY https://hdl.handle.net/11588/903405 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.960335 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85143329183 16S rRNA Iceland alkaline hydrothermal vent microbial diversity info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2022 ftunivnapoliiris https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.960335 2024-06-17T15:19:21Z Strýtan Hydrothermal Field (SHF) is a submarine system located in Eyjafördur in northern Iceland composed of two main vents: Big Strýtan and Arnarnesstrýtan. The vents are shallow, ranging from 16 to 70 m water depth, and vent high pH (up to 10.2), moderate temperature (T max ∼70°C), anoxic, fresh fluids elevated in dissolved silica, with slightly elevated concentrations of hydrogen and methane. In contrast to other alkaline hydrothermal vents, SHF is unique because it is hosted in basalt and therefore the high pH is not created by serpentinization. While previous studies have assessed the geology and geochemistry of this site, the microbial diversity of SHF has not been explored in detail. Here we present a microbial diversity survey of the actively venting fluids and chimneys from Big Strýtan and Arnarnesstrýtan, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Community members from the vent fluids are mostly aerobic heterotrophic bacteria; however, within the chimneys oxic, low oxygen, and anoxic habitats could be distinguished, where taxa putatively capable of acetogenesis, sulfur-cycling, and hydrogen metabolism were observed. Very few archaea were observed in the samples. The inhabitants of SHF are more similar to terrestrial hot spring samples than other marine sites. It has been hypothesized that life on Earth (and elsewhere in the solar system) could have originated in an alkaline hydrothermal system, however all other studied alkaline submarine hydrothermal systems to date are fueled by serpentinization. SHF adds to our understandings of hydrothermal vents in relationship to microbial diversity, evolution, and possibly the origin of life. Article in Journal/Newspaper Iceland IRIS Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Frontiers in Microbiology 13 |
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Open Polar |
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IRIS Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnapoliiris |
language |
English |
topic |
16S rRNA Iceland alkaline hydrothermal vent microbial diversity |
spellingShingle |
16S rRNA Iceland alkaline hydrothermal vent microbial diversity Twing, Katrina I Ward, L M Kane, Zachary K Sanders, Alexa Price, Roy Edward Pendleton, H Lizethe Giovannelli, Donato Brazelton, William J McGlynn, Shawn E Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland |
topic_facet |
16S rRNA Iceland alkaline hydrothermal vent microbial diversity |
description |
Strýtan Hydrothermal Field (SHF) is a submarine system located in Eyjafördur in northern Iceland composed of two main vents: Big Strýtan and Arnarnesstrýtan. The vents are shallow, ranging from 16 to 70 m water depth, and vent high pH (up to 10.2), moderate temperature (T max ∼70°C), anoxic, fresh fluids elevated in dissolved silica, with slightly elevated concentrations of hydrogen and methane. In contrast to other alkaline hydrothermal vents, SHF is unique because it is hosted in basalt and therefore the high pH is not created by serpentinization. While previous studies have assessed the geology and geochemistry of this site, the microbial diversity of SHF has not been explored in detail. Here we present a microbial diversity survey of the actively venting fluids and chimneys from Big Strýtan and Arnarnesstrýtan, using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Community members from the vent fluids are mostly aerobic heterotrophic bacteria; however, within the chimneys oxic, low oxygen, and anoxic habitats could be distinguished, where taxa putatively capable of acetogenesis, sulfur-cycling, and hydrogen metabolism were observed. Very few archaea were observed in the samples. The inhabitants of SHF are more similar to terrestrial hot spring samples than other marine sites. It has been hypothesized that life on Earth (and elsewhere in the solar system) could have originated in an alkaline hydrothermal system, however all other studied alkaline submarine hydrothermal systems to date are fueled by serpentinization. SHF adds to our understandings of hydrothermal vents in relationship to microbial diversity, evolution, and possibly the origin of life. |
author2 |
Twing, Katrina I Ward, L M Kane, Zachary K Sanders, Alexa Price, Roy Edward Pendleton, H Lizethe Giovannelli, Donato Brazelton, William J Mcglynn, Shawn E |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Twing, Katrina I Ward, L M Kane, Zachary K Sanders, Alexa Price, Roy Edward Pendleton, H Lizethe Giovannelli, Donato Brazelton, William J McGlynn, Shawn E |
author_facet |
Twing, Katrina I Ward, L M Kane, Zachary K Sanders, Alexa Price, Roy Edward Pendleton, H Lizethe Giovannelli, Donato Brazelton, William J McGlynn, Shawn E |
author_sort |
Twing, Katrina I |
title |
Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland |
title_short |
Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland |
title_full |
Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland |
title_fullStr |
Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: Strýtan Hydrothermal Field, Eyjafördur, northern Iceland |
title_sort |
microbial ecology of a shallow alkaline hydrothermal vent: strýtan hydrothermal field, eyjafördur, northern iceland |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/11588/903405 https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.960335 |
genre |
Iceland |
genre_facet |
Iceland |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/WOS:000892779500001 volume:13 firstpage:960335 journal:FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY https://hdl.handle.net/11588/903405 doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.960335 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/scopus/2-s2.0-85143329183 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.960335 |
container_title |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
container_volume |
13 |
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1809915981929119744 |