Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context
Large carnivores’ coexistence is common, the aim of that thesis is to understand how it affects predator prey interactions. First part of the thesis is about predator’s Non-Consumptive Effects (NCE hereafter) on prey. Predation risk induce costly behavioural modification for prey, that have an impac...
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-03878912v1 2023-05-15T15:51:21+02:00 Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context Ecologie des interactions prédateurs-proies et prédateurs prédateurs dans un contexte multiprédateur Say-Sallaz, Elise Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Lyon Hervé Fritz Marion Valeix 2021-06-04 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/file/TH2021SAYSALLAZELISE.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2021LYSE1095 tel-03878912 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/file/TH2021SAYSALLAZELISE.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912 Ecology, environment. Université de Lyon, 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021LYSE1095⟩ Large carnivore Large herbivores Predation Interspecific interactions Ecology of fear Grands carnivores Grands herbivores Prédation Interaction interspecifique Écologie de la peur [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2021 ftunivnantes 2022-12-07T00:19:11Z Large carnivores’ coexistence is common, the aim of that thesis is to understand how it affects predator prey interactions. First part of the thesis is about predator’s Non-Consumptive Effects (NCE hereafter) on prey. Predation risk induce costly behavioural modification for prey, that have an impact on prey population dynamics. For invertebrates these NCE can account for 85% of the total effect of predation. The first chapter is a literature review about NCE for large terrestrial mammals, it highlighted the fact studying NCE requires long term data collection, that reactive (i.e. immediate risk assessment) antipredator response have been less studied that proactive response (long term risk assessment) and that knowledge on NCE mostly come from studies taking only one predator species into account while 90% of the studies took place where several coexist. Hence, second and third chapters focus on reactive response of prey to predators with different hunting mode in order to test the hypothesis that ambush predators (that take prey by surprise) induce higher NCE than cursorial ones (chase down prey), as it has been demonstrated for invertebrates’ species. The second chapter investigate plain zebras (Equus quagga) spatial reactive response to encounters with spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) a cursorial predator and African lion (Panthera leo) an ambush one, with data from GPS collars that were simultaneously deployed on the three species. zebras were twice as likely to leave and they left faster and further away after a lion’s encounter than a hyaena’s one. The third chapter was an experiment to evaluate the immediate behavioural response of the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) to the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) an ambush predator and the grey wolf (Canis lupus) a cursorial one. Predation risk was simulated at night with playbacks and prey’s response was filmed. Roe deer were more likely to leave the experiment site if lynx vocalises were broadcasted. Results from both chapters support the hypothesis that ambush ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Canis lupus Lynx Lynx lynx lynx Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
Large carnivore Large herbivores Predation Interspecific interactions Ecology of fear Grands carnivores Grands herbivores Prédation Interaction interspecifique Écologie de la peur [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment |
spellingShingle |
Large carnivore Large herbivores Predation Interspecific interactions Ecology of fear Grands carnivores Grands herbivores Prédation Interaction interspecifique Écologie de la peur [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment Say-Sallaz, Elise Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
topic_facet |
Large carnivore Large herbivores Predation Interspecific interactions Ecology of fear Grands carnivores Grands herbivores Prédation Interaction interspecifique Écologie de la peur [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment |
description |
Large carnivores’ coexistence is common, the aim of that thesis is to understand how it affects predator prey interactions. First part of the thesis is about predator’s Non-Consumptive Effects (NCE hereafter) on prey. Predation risk induce costly behavioural modification for prey, that have an impact on prey population dynamics. For invertebrates these NCE can account for 85% of the total effect of predation. The first chapter is a literature review about NCE for large terrestrial mammals, it highlighted the fact studying NCE requires long term data collection, that reactive (i.e. immediate risk assessment) antipredator response have been less studied that proactive response (long term risk assessment) and that knowledge on NCE mostly come from studies taking only one predator species into account while 90% of the studies took place where several coexist. Hence, second and third chapters focus on reactive response of prey to predators with different hunting mode in order to test the hypothesis that ambush predators (that take prey by surprise) induce higher NCE than cursorial ones (chase down prey), as it has been demonstrated for invertebrates’ species. The second chapter investigate plain zebras (Equus quagga) spatial reactive response to encounters with spotted hyaena (Crocuta crocuta) a cursorial predator and African lion (Panthera leo) an ambush one, with data from GPS collars that were simultaneously deployed on the three species. zebras were twice as likely to leave and they left faster and further away after a lion’s encounter than a hyaena’s one. The third chapter was an experiment to evaluate the immediate behavioural response of the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) to the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) an ambush predator and the grey wolf (Canis lupus) a cursorial one. Predation risk was simulated at night with playbacks and prey’s response was filmed. Roe deer were more likely to leave the experiment site if lynx vocalises were broadcasted. Results from both chapters support the hypothesis that ambush ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE) Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Lyon Hervé Fritz Marion Valeix |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Say-Sallaz, Elise |
author_facet |
Say-Sallaz, Elise |
author_sort |
Say-Sallaz, Elise |
title |
Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
title_short |
Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
title_full |
Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
title_fullStr |
Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
title_sort |
ecology of predator-prey and predator-predator interactions in a multi-predator context |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/file/TH2021SAYSALLAZELISE.pdf |
genre |
Canis lupus Lynx Lynx lynx lynx |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus Lynx Lynx lynx lynx |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912 Ecology, environment. Université de Lyon, 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021LYSE1095⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2021LYSE1095 tel-03878912 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03878912/file/TH2021SAYSALLAZELISE.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766386530426814464 |