Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins
Quantifying predator-prey interactions can be logistically difficult, especially in marine environments. However, it is essential to predict how individuals respond to changes in prey availability, an important factor in assessing the impact of climate change. In comparison to flying seabirds, pengu...
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-03719573v1 2023-05-15T16:08:23+02:00 Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins Mouvements et énergétique en mer à fine échelle des manchots Sutton, Grace Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Université de La Rochelle Deakin university (Geelong, Australie) John Arnould Charles-André Bost 2021-11-15 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/file/2021SUTTON181426.pdf en eng HAL CCSD NNT: 2021LAROS031 tel-03719573 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/file/2021SUTTON181426.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573 Agricultural sciences. Université de La Rochelle; Deakin university (Geelong, Australie), 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021LAROS031⟩ Energetics Penguin Prey Énergétique Manchot Proie [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2021 ftunivnantes 2023-03-08T01:36:04Z Quantifying predator-prey interactions can be logistically difficult, especially in marine environments. However, it is essential to predict how individuals respond to changes in prey availability, an important factor in assessing the impact of climate change. In comparison to flying seabirds, penguins (Family: Spheniscidae) experience greater constraints when breeding due to restrictions in foraging range. As such, this group of seabirds are considered good indicators of local ecosystem health. Animal-borne video cameras have made it possible to observe behaviour in response to prey field. In the present study, a combination of animal-borne video cameras, accelerometers, dive recorders and GPS were used to determine the factors influencing foraging effort and efficiency in penguins. These were investigated in 3 species: 1) little penguin, Eudyptula minor; 2) African penguin, Spheniscus demersus, 3) Macaroni penguin, Eudyptes chrysolophus. In each species, the immediate prey field dictated the 3-dimensional movement in the water column. Foraging effort in little penguins was influenced by the abundance of prey, not prey type. The mean body acceleration of little penguins was examined as an index of effort and was found to be highly correlated to energy expenditure rates determined from doubly-labelled water. Machine learning was used to detect prey captures which were validated using video cameras in African and Macaroni penguins. It was found that African penguins exhibited pelagic dives and a large proportion of successful benthic dives. Benthic dives were costlier but more successful than pelagic ones, indicating a trade-off between effort and success. Macaroni penguins displayed prey-specific behaviour, diving deep when foraging on subantarctic krill (Euphausia vallentini) and completing shallow dives when targeting juvenile fish.This body of work highlights the effect of prey field and the drivers of variability in foraging behaviour. Quantifier les interactions prédateur-proie peut être difficile sur le ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Eudyptes chrysolophus Macaroni penguin Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Manchot ENVELOPE(141.400,141.400,-66.817,-66.817) Manchots ENVELOPE(141.397,141.397,-66.811,-66.811) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
Energetics Penguin Prey Énergétique Manchot Proie [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
spellingShingle |
Energetics Penguin Prey Énergétique Manchot Proie [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences Sutton, Grace Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
topic_facet |
Energetics Penguin Prey Énergétique Manchot Proie [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
description |
Quantifying predator-prey interactions can be logistically difficult, especially in marine environments. However, it is essential to predict how individuals respond to changes in prey availability, an important factor in assessing the impact of climate change. In comparison to flying seabirds, penguins (Family: Spheniscidae) experience greater constraints when breeding due to restrictions in foraging range. As such, this group of seabirds are considered good indicators of local ecosystem health. Animal-borne video cameras have made it possible to observe behaviour in response to prey field. In the present study, a combination of animal-borne video cameras, accelerometers, dive recorders and GPS were used to determine the factors influencing foraging effort and efficiency in penguins. These were investigated in 3 species: 1) little penguin, Eudyptula minor; 2) African penguin, Spheniscus demersus, 3) Macaroni penguin, Eudyptes chrysolophus. In each species, the immediate prey field dictated the 3-dimensional movement in the water column. Foraging effort in little penguins was influenced by the abundance of prey, not prey type. The mean body acceleration of little penguins was examined as an index of effort and was found to be highly correlated to energy expenditure rates determined from doubly-labelled water. Machine learning was used to detect prey captures which were validated using video cameras in African and Macaroni penguins. It was found that African penguins exhibited pelagic dives and a large proportion of successful benthic dives. Benthic dives were costlier but more successful than pelagic ones, indicating a trade-off between effort and success. Macaroni penguins displayed prey-specific behaviour, diving deep when foraging on subantarctic krill (Euphausia vallentini) and completing shallow dives when targeting juvenile fish.This body of work highlights the effect of prey field and the drivers of variability in foraging behaviour. Quantifier les interactions prédateur-proie peut être difficile sur le ... |
author2 |
Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE) Université de La Rochelle Deakin university (Geelong, Australie) John Arnould Charles-André Bost |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Sutton, Grace |
author_facet |
Sutton, Grace |
author_sort |
Sutton, Grace |
title |
Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
title_short |
Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
title_full |
Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
title_fullStr |
Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
title_full_unstemmed |
Fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
title_sort |
fine-scale foraging movements and energetics in penguins |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/file/2021SUTTON181426.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.400,141.400,-66.817,-66.817) ENVELOPE(141.397,141.397,-66.811,-66.811) |
geographic |
Manchot Manchots |
geographic_facet |
Manchot Manchots |
genre |
Eudyptes chrysolophus Macaroni penguin |
genre_facet |
Eudyptes chrysolophus Macaroni penguin |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573 Agricultural sciences. Université de La Rochelle; Deakin university (Geelong, Australie), 2021. English. ⟨NNT : 2021LAROS031⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2021LAROS031 tel-03719573 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03719573/file/2021SUTTON181426.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766404437690023936 |