Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts
Alpine ecosystems, such as the Arctic tundra, are experiencing a pronounced warming compared to the rest of the world. In the Arctic, dendroecological studies have documented the climatic drivers of the expansion of dwarf shrubs. These changes in the Arctic tundra have far-reaching implications for...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2020
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/file/2020CLFAL021_FRANCON.pdf |
id |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-03468756v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-03468756v1 2023-05-15T13:11:41+02:00 Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts Influence du réchauffement climatique sur la croissance des ligneux bas dans les Alpes françaises : analyse dendroécologique de Rhododendron ferrugineum L. en contextes topoclimatiques contrastés Francon, Loïc Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM) Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 Irène Till-Bottraud Christophe Corona 2020-06-25 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/file/2020CLFAL021_FRANCON.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2020CLFAL021 tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/file/2020CLFAL021_FRANCON.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 Géographie. Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020], 2020. Français. ⟨NNT : 2020CLFAL021⟩ [néant] Changement climatique Dendrochronologie Dendroécologie Arbustes Alpes Topographie Ligneux bas Colonisation arbustive Mont Blanc Oisans Chartreuse Queyras [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2020 ftunivnantes 2022-06-29T00:50:24Z Alpine ecosystems, such as the Arctic tundra, are experiencing a pronounced warming compared to the rest of the world. In the Arctic, dendroecological studies have documented the climatic drivers of the expansion of dwarf shrubs. These changes in the Arctic tundra have far-reaching implications for albedo, snow cover, soil, ground-level microclimate, global carbon cycle and climate. The European Alps have warmed considerably in recent decades, and this has occurred in a non-linear way, with an inflection point the end of the 1980s. Since then, summer temperature has sharply increased and snow cover durability in spring has declined. By analogy with the Arctic, we hypothesize that at high elevation, the decrease in climatic constraints (increase in summer temperatures, decrease in snow cover duration) favors an increase in shrubs radial growth. In order to validate this hypothesis, eight populations of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. (Ericaceae) were collected in the French Alps, throughout a network designed to be representative of the contrasts in continentality, elevation and slope aspect across the French Alps. Classical statistical procedures used in dendroecology (Correlation functions) and models traditionally used in ecology (Structural Equation Models, Linear Mixed Models, SEMs, LMMs) have been coupled to finely assess the relationships between the radial growth of R. Ferrugineum and nivo-meteorological variables.The first chapter shows the dendroecological potential of R. Ferrugineum in a population (2000 m asl) from the Taillefer massif. Correlation function analyses reveal that winter precipitation and summer temperature act as main co-limiting factors for shrub growth while comparable sensitivity to snowfall was not observed in a population of adjacent trees (P. abies). In chapter 2, two additional R. ferrugineum plots were sampled in the Taillefer massif at 1800 and 2400 m asl. The radial growth of R. ferrugineum along the elevation gradient was compared to local re-analyses from the SAFRAN-crocus ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis albedo Arctic Global warming Tundra Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Arctic Mont Blanc ENVELOPE(69.468,69.468,-49.461,-49.461) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
French |
topic |
[néant] Changement climatique Dendrochronologie Dendroécologie Arbustes Alpes Topographie Ligneux bas Colonisation arbustive Mont Blanc Oisans Chartreuse Queyras [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography |
spellingShingle |
[néant] Changement climatique Dendrochronologie Dendroécologie Arbustes Alpes Topographie Ligneux bas Colonisation arbustive Mont Blanc Oisans Chartreuse Queyras [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography Francon, Loïc Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
topic_facet |
[néant] Changement climatique Dendrochronologie Dendroécologie Arbustes Alpes Topographie Ligneux bas Colonisation arbustive Mont Blanc Oisans Chartreuse Queyras [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography |
description |
Alpine ecosystems, such as the Arctic tundra, are experiencing a pronounced warming compared to the rest of the world. In the Arctic, dendroecological studies have documented the climatic drivers of the expansion of dwarf shrubs. These changes in the Arctic tundra have far-reaching implications for albedo, snow cover, soil, ground-level microclimate, global carbon cycle and climate. The European Alps have warmed considerably in recent decades, and this has occurred in a non-linear way, with an inflection point the end of the 1980s. Since then, summer temperature has sharply increased and snow cover durability in spring has declined. By analogy with the Arctic, we hypothesize that at high elevation, the decrease in climatic constraints (increase in summer temperatures, decrease in snow cover duration) favors an increase in shrubs radial growth. In order to validate this hypothesis, eight populations of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. (Ericaceae) were collected in the French Alps, throughout a network designed to be representative of the contrasts in continentality, elevation and slope aspect across the French Alps. Classical statistical procedures used in dendroecology (Correlation functions) and models traditionally used in ecology (Structural Equation Models, Linear Mixed Models, SEMs, LMMs) have been coupled to finely assess the relationships between the radial growth of R. Ferrugineum and nivo-meteorological variables.The first chapter shows the dendroecological potential of R. Ferrugineum in a population (2000 m asl) from the Taillefer massif. Correlation function analyses reveal that winter precipitation and summer temperature act as main co-limiting factors for shrub growth while comparable sensitivity to snowfall was not observed in a population of adjacent trees (P. abies). In chapter 2, two additional R. ferrugineum plots were sampled in the Taillefer massif at 1800 and 2400 m asl. The radial growth of R. ferrugineum along the elevation gradient was compared to local re-analyses from the SAFRAN-crocus ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire de Géographie Physique et Environnementale (GEOLAB) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (IR SHS UNILIM) Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 (UCA 2017-2020 )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA) Université Clermont Auvergne 2017-2020 Irène Till-Bottraud Christophe Corona |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Francon, Loïc |
author_facet |
Francon, Loïc |
author_sort |
Francon, Loïc |
title |
Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
title_short |
Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
title_full |
Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
title_fullStr |
Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the French Alps : dendroecological analysis of Rhododendron ferrugineum L. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
title_sort |
influence of global warming on the growth of dwarf shrubs in the french alps : dendroecological analysis of rhododendron ferrugineum l. in contrasting topoclimatic contexts |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/file/2020CLFAL021_FRANCON.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(69.468,69.468,-49.461,-49.461) |
geographic |
Arctic Mont Blanc |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Mont Blanc |
genre |
albedo Arctic Global warming Tundra |
genre_facet |
albedo Arctic Global warming Tundra |
op_source |
https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 Géographie. Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020], 2020. Français. ⟨NNT : 2020CLFAL021⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2020CLFAL021 tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/document https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03468756/file/2020CLFAL021_FRANCON.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766248553624109056 |