Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements
Since the industrial revolution and the resulting contaminant emissions, soils have been subjected to increasingly high concentrations of trace metal elements (MTEs). These, which are non-biodegradable and toxic at low doses for most organisms, disrupt ecosystems and pose major environmental and hea...
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-03456670v1 2023-05-15T18:09:19+02:00 Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements Rôles des endophytes fongiques racinaires dans la tolérance de Fallopia aux éléments Traces Métalliques Barberis, Louise Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA) Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Lyon Florence Piola Serge Michalet Philippe Binet 2020-12-14 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/file/TH2020BARBERISLOUISE.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2020LYSE1277 tel-03456670 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/file/TH2020BARBERISLOUISE.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670 Biologie végétale. Université de Lyon, 2020. Français. ⟨NNT : 2020LYSE1277⟩ Endophyte Fallopia Trace metal Fungi Root Mutualism Élément trace métallique Champignon Racine Mutualisme [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2020 ftunivnantes 2022-12-07T00:49:52Z Since the industrial revolution and the resulting contaminant emissions, soils have been subjected to increasingly high concentrations of trace metal elements (MTEs). These, which are non-biodegradable and toxic at low doses for most organisms, disrupt ecosystems and pose major environmental and health problems. However, many organisms, especially plants, have been able to adapt to the presence of MTEs in their environment: this is the case of Asian knotweeds, which are spreading in Europe, including in environments contaminated with MTEs. Like the majority of plants, knotweeds are associated with microorganisms, some of which, notably fungi present in their roots, could be involved in the tolerance of this plant to MTEs. The general objective of this thesis is to test this hypothesis, by studying the fungal species associated with the roots of Asian knotweeds and their roles in the tolerance of this taxon to metallic pollution of soils, under controlled conditions. For this purpose, rhizomes of knotweed (Japanese knotweed, Sakhalin knotweed and their hybrid Bohemian knotweed) were grown in greenhouses, in the presence or absence of MTEs (Cd, Cr, Zn and their mixture). Fungal colonization of the roots was quantified by microscopy and strains were isolated to characterize them. Secondary metabolites present in the roots and in some isolated strains were identified and quantified. A bibliographical study (Axis 1) inventorying the fungal endophytes present in plant roots and their effects on the tolerance of their host to MTEs has highlighted the ubiquity (host and environmental diversity) of root fungal endophytes, their taxonomic diversity and their growth stimulating properties of their plant host. In environments contaminated with MTEs, these endophytes inoculated to plants are also beneficial to their growth, but with various effects on the uptake and transfer of MTEs in plant tissues.Two experiments under controlled conditions were carried out to study the effect of metals on Knotweed on the one hand, and to ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Sakhalin Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
French |
topic |
Endophyte Fallopia Trace metal Fungi Root Mutualism Élément trace métallique Champignon Racine Mutualisme [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology |
spellingShingle |
Endophyte Fallopia Trace metal Fungi Root Mutualism Élément trace métallique Champignon Racine Mutualisme [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology Barberis, Louise Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements |
topic_facet |
Endophyte Fallopia Trace metal Fungi Root Mutualism Élément trace métallique Champignon Racine Mutualisme [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology |
description |
Since the industrial revolution and the resulting contaminant emissions, soils have been subjected to increasingly high concentrations of trace metal elements (MTEs). These, which are non-biodegradable and toxic at low doses for most organisms, disrupt ecosystems and pose major environmental and health problems. However, many organisms, especially plants, have been able to adapt to the presence of MTEs in their environment: this is the case of Asian knotweeds, which are spreading in Europe, including in environments contaminated with MTEs. Like the majority of plants, knotweeds are associated with microorganisms, some of which, notably fungi present in their roots, could be involved in the tolerance of this plant to MTEs. The general objective of this thesis is to test this hypothesis, by studying the fungal species associated with the roots of Asian knotweeds and their roles in the tolerance of this taxon to metallic pollution of soils, under controlled conditions. For this purpose, rhizomes of knotweed (Japanese knotweed, Sakhalin knotweed and their hybrid Bohemian knotweed) were grown in greenhouses, in the presence or absence of MTEs (Cd, Cr, Zn and their mixture). Fungal colonization of the roots was quantified by microscopy and strains were isolated to characterize them. Secondary metabolites present in the roots and in some isolated strains were identified and quantified. A bibliographical study (Axis 1) inventorying the fungal endophytes present in plant roots and their effects on the tolerance of their host to MTEs has highlighted the ubiquity (host and environmental diversity) of root fungal endophytes, their taxonomic diversity and their growth stimulating properties of their plant host. In environments contaminated with MTEs, these endophytes inoculated to plants are also beneficial to their growth, but with various effects on the uptake and transfer of MTEs in plant tissues.Two experiments under controlled conditions were carried out to study the effect of metals on Knotweed on the one hand, and to ... |
author2 |
Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA) Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Lyon Florence Piola Serge Michalet Philippe Binet |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Barberis, Louise |
author_facet |
Barberis, Louise |
author_sort |
Barberis, Louise |
title |
Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements |
title_short |
Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements |
title_full |
Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements |
title_fullStr |
Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements |
title_full_unstemmed |
Roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of Fallopia to Metal Trace Elements |
title_sort |
roles of root fungal endophytes in the tolerance of fallopia to metal trace elements |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/file/TH2020BARBERISLOUISE.pdf |
genre |
Sakhalin |
genre_facet |
Sakhalin |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670 Biologie végétale. Université de Lyon, 2020. Français. ⟨NNT : 2020LYSE1277⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2020LYSE1277 tel-03456670 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670 https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-03456670/file/TH2020BARBERISLOUISE.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766181812276559872 |