Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population
A fundamental endeavor in population ecology is to identify the drivers of population dynamics. The main objective of this thesis is to determine what are the demographic and population responses of superior marine predators to the fluctuations of their prey abundance, to climatic variations, to den...
Main Author: | |
---|---|
Other Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
Language: | French |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2018
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/file/Pacoureau120815.pdf |
id |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-02125078v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
French |
topic |
Food availability Density dependence Climate Diet Individual quality Life history traits Bet-hedging strategy Environmental variability Bayesian modeling Capture-mark-recapture Matrix model Régime alimentaire Disponibilité en nourriture Modélisation bayésienne Capture-marquage-recapture Modèle matriciel Traits d’histoire de vie Stratégie de bet-hedging Variabilité environnementale Qualité individuelle Densité-dépendance Climat [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment |
spellingShingle |
Food availability Density dependence Climate Diet Individual quality Life history traits Bet-hedging strategy Environmental variability Bayesian modeling Capture-mark-recapture Matrix model Régime alimentaire Disponibilité en nourriture Modélisation bayésienne Capture-marquage-recapture Modèle matriciel Traits d’histoire de vie Stratégie de bet-hedging Variabilité environnementale Qualité individuelle Densité-dépendance Climat [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment Pacoureau, Nathan Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
topic_facet |
Food availability Density dependence Climate Diet Individual quality Life history traits Bet-hedging strategy Environmental variability Bayesian modeling Capture-mark-recapture Matrix model Régime alimentaire Disponibilité en nourriture Modélisation bayésienne Capture-marquage-recapture Modèle matriciel Traits d’histoire de vie Stratégie de bet-hedging Variabilité environnementale Qualité individuelle Densité-dépendance Climat [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment |
description |
A fundamental endeavor in population ecology is to identify the drivers of population dynamics. The main objective of this thesis is to determine what are the demographic and population responses of superior marine predators to the fluctuations of their prey abundance, to climatic variations, to density-dependence while taking into account inter and intra individual heterogeneity (age, experience, sex, quality or strategy). To do this, we analysed long-term individual and population-based monitoring of long-lived seabirds and phylogenetically close apical predators in two contrasting biomes: the south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki at Pointe Géologie archipelago, Antarctica, and the brown skua Catharacta lonnbergi on the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Archipelago. We will use direct abundance of their respective prey: Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae and emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri in Antarctica, and the blue petrel Halobaena caerulea and the thin-billed prion Pachyptila belcheri prion in Kerguelen islands. These datasets provide a unique opportunity to simultaneously disentangle and quantify the different sources of variability driving variation in natural populations occupying one of the highest trophic levels of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic food webs. We found variation in several vital traits of both populations influenced by individual performance and latent individual heterogeneity. We discuss the mechanisms by which climatic variability, prey abundance, and population density can differentially affect the different age classes of each age class, and the potential consequences of future environmental changes. Une question fondamentale en écologie des populations est l’identification des facteurs influençant la dynamique d’une population. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de déterminer quelles sont les réponses démographiques et populationnelles de prédateurs marins supérieurs face aux fluctuations d’abondance de leurs proies, aux variations climatiques, à la densité-dépendance tout en ... |
author2 |
Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de La Rochelle Christophe Barbraud |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Pacoureau, Nathan |
author_facet |
Pacoureau, Nathan |
author_sort |
Pacoureau, Nathan |
title |
Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
title_short |
Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
title_full |
Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
title_fullStr |
Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
title_sort |
influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2018 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/file/Pacoureau120815.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(140.017,140.017,-66.667,-66.667) |
geographic |
Antarctic Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Pointe-Géologie The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Pointe-Géologie The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Brown Skua Catharacta maccormicki Kerguelen Islands Pygoscelis adeliae |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Brown Skua Catharacta maccormicki Kerguelen Islands Pygoscelis adeliae |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 Ecologie, Environnement. Université de La Rochelle, 2018. Français. ⟨NNT : 2018LAROS026⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2018LAROS026 tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/file/Pacoureau120815.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766265425639768064 |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-02125078v1 2023-05-15T13:57:39+02:00 Influences of climatic variability, prey abundance, density-dependence, and individual heterogeneity in long-lived top predators : from individual to population Influence de la variabilité climatique, de l’abondance de proies, de la densité-dépendance et de l'hétérogénéité individuelle chez des prédateurs supérieurs longévifs : de l’individu à la population Pacoureau, Nathan Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de La Rochelle Christophe Barbraud 2018-10-26 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/file/Pacoureau120815.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2018LAROS026 tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078/file/Pacoureau120815.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-02125078 Ecologie, Environnement. Université de La Rochelle, 2018. Français. ⟨NNT : 2018LAROS026⟩ Food availability Density dependence Climate Diet Individual quality Life history traits Bet-hedging strategy Environmental variability Bayesian modeling Capture-mark-recapture Matrix model Régime alimentaire Disponibilité en nourriture Modélisation bayésienne Capture-marquage-recapture Modèle matriciel Traits d’histoire de vie Stratégie de bet-hedging Variabilité environnementale Qualité individuelle Densité-dépendance Climat [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2018 ftunivnantes 2023-02-08T07:41:10Z A fundamental endeavor in population ecology is to identify the drivers of population dynamics. The main objective of this thesis is to determine what are the demographic and population responses of superior marine predators to the fluctuations of their prey abundance, to climatic variations, to density-dependence while taking into account inter and intra individual heterogeneity (age, experience, sex, quality or strategy). To do this, we analysed long-term individual and population-based monitoring of long-lived seabirds and phylogenetically close apical predators in two contrasting biomes: the south polar skua Catharacta maccormicki at Pointe Géologie archipelago, Antarctica, and the brown skua Catharacta lonnbergi on the sub-Antarctic Kerguelen Archipelago. We will use direct abundance of their respective prey: Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae and emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri in Antarctica, and the blue petrel Halobaena caerulea and the thin-billed prion Pachyptila belcheri prion in Kerguelen islands. These datasets provide a unique opportunity to simultaneously disentangle and quantify the different sources of variability driving variation in natural populations occupying one of the highest trophic levels of the Antarctic and sub-Antarctic food webs. We found variation in several vital traits of both populations influenced by individual performance and latent individual heterogeneity. We discuss the mechanisms by which climatic variability, prey abundance, and population density can differentially affect the different age classes of each age class, and the potential consequences of future environmental changes. Une question fondamentale en écologie des populations est l’identification des facteurs influençant la dynamique d’une population. L’objectif principal de cette thèse est de déterminer quelles sont les réponses démographiques et populationnelles de prédateurs marins supérieurs face aux fluctuations d’abondance de leurs proies, aux variations climatiques, à la densité-dépendance tout en ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Aptenodytes forsteri Brown Skua Catharacta maccormicki Kerguelen Islands Pygoscelis adeliae Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Antarctic Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Pointe-Géologie ENVELOPE(140.017,140.017,-66.667,-66.667) The Antarctic |