Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems
Polar Regions are transforming, they constitute integrators of climate variability, providing visible signals of change, and yet, are also actors, intrinsically involved in global cooling through a number of feedback mechanisms. The observed changes alter the structure and functioning of many cryosp...
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-01974576v1 2023-05-15T15:02:12+02:00 Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems Larose, Catherine Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ) Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 ) ECL Corinne Leyval 2016-10-17 https://hal.science/tel-01974576 https://hal.science/tel-01974576/document https://hal.science/tel-01974576/file/HDRLarose.pdf en eng HAL CCSD tel-01974576 https://hal.science/tel-01974576 https://hal.science/tel-01974576/document https://hal.science/tel-01974576/file/HDRLarose.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://hal.science/tel-01974576 Environmental Sciences. ECL, 2016 biogeochemical cycling microorganisms ice snowpack Arctic microorganismes glace manteaux neigeux Arctique cycles biogéochimiques [SDE]Environmental Sciences [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/other Habilitation à diriger des recherches 2016 ftunivnantes 2023-03-01T04:48:05Z Polar Regions are transforming, they constitute integrators of climate variability, providing visible signals of change, and yet, are also actors, intrinsically involved in global cooling through a number of feedback mechanisms. The observed changes alter the structure and functioning of many cryosphere ecosystems, and by extension that of the planet. Due to the extreme temperatures and the limited presence of liquid water, snow and ice have long been regarded simply as freezers that entrap and store microorganisms in a vegetative state and therefore, the microbial ecology of the cryosphere has been largely overlooked. This manuscript presents our research on the role of microorganisms in the functioning of environmental ices, highlighting the links between their biotic and abiotic components. Our work focuses on observations of snow and ice in the Arctic and explores the biodiversity, the microbial population dynamics and influence of microorganisms on biogeochemical cycling, in addition to their interactions with their physical and chemical environment. Through these studies, we have challenged the view of snow and ice as freezers and have shown that they should be considered as ecosystems. Les milieux polaires constituent des environnements en pleine évolution, le pôle arctique subissant, non seulement, fortement le dérèglement climatique, mais y participant activement par effet levier. Ces dérèglements amènent des changements à l’échelle de la planète altérant profondément la structure et le fonctionnement de nombreux écosystèmes. En raison des conditions extrêmes de température et de la présence restreinte d’eau liquide, la neige et la glace ont longtemps été considérées simplement comme des pièges à microorganismes, au mieux conservés dans un état végétatif après avoir été transportés dans l’atmosphère par des particules minérales. La diversité des microorganismes de la cryosphère, leur structuration en communautés microbiennes et les fonctions qu’ils pouvaient être amenés à exprimer au sein même de ces ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Arctic Arctique* Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
biogeochemical cycling microorganisms ice snowpack Arctic microorganismes glace manteaux neigeux Arctique cycles biogéochimiques [SDE]Environmental Sciences [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] |
spellingShingle |
biogeochemical cycling microorganisms ice snowpack Arctic microorganismes glace manteaux neigeux Arctique cycles biogéochimiques [SDE]Environmental Sciences [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] Larose, Catherine Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
topic_facet |
biogeochemical cycling microorganisms ice snowpack Arctic microorganismes glace manteaux neigeux Arctique cycles biogéochimiques [SDE]Environmental Sciences [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics] |
description |
Polar Regions are transforming, they constitute integrators of climate variability, providing visible signals of change, and yet, are also actors, intrinsically involved in global cooling through a number of feedback mechanisms. The observed changes alter the structure and functioning of many cryosphere ecosystems, and by extension that of the planet. Due to the extreme temperatures and the limited presence of liquid water, snow and ice have long been regarded simply as freezers that entrap and store microorganisms in a vegetative state and therefore, the microbial ecology of the cryosphere has been largely overlooked. This manuscript presents our research on the role of microorganisms in the functioning of environmental ices, highlighting the links between their biotic and abiotic components. Our work focuses on observations of snow and ice in the Arctic and explores the biodiversity, the microbial population dynamics and influence of microorganisms on biogeochemical cycling, in addition to their interactions with their physical and chemical environment. Through these studies, we have challenged the view of snow and ice as freezers and have shown that they should be considered as ecosystems. Les milieux polaires constituent des environnements en pleine évolution, le pôle arctique subissant, non seulement, fortement le dérèglement climatique, mais y participant activement par effet levier. Ces dérèglements amènent des changements à l’échelle de la planète altérant profondément la structure et le fonctionnement de nombreux écosystèmes. En raison des conditions extrêmes de température et de la présence restreinte d’eau liquide, la neige et la glace ont longtemps été considérées simplement comme des pièges à microorganismes, au mieux conservés dans un état végétatif après avoir été transportés dans l’atmosphère par des particules minérales. La diversité des microorganismes de la cryosphère, leur structuration en communautés microbiennes et les fonctions qu’ils pouvaient être amenés à exprimer au sein même de ces ... |
author2 |
Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ) Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes 2016-2019 (UGA 2016-2019 ) ECL Corinne Leyval |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Larose, Catherine |
author_facet |
Larose, Catherine |
author_sort |
Larose, Catherine |
title |
Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
title_short |
Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
title_full |
Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
title_sort |
microbiogeochemistry of cold ecosystems |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal.science/tel-01974576 https://hal.science/tel-01974576/document https://hal.science/tel-01974576/file/HDRLarose.pdf |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Arctique* |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctique* |
op_source |
https://hal.science/tel-01974576 Environmental Sciences. ECL, 2016 |
op_relation |
tel-01974576 https://hal.science/tel-01974576 https://hal.science/tel-01974576/document https://hal.science/tel-01974576/file/HDRLarose.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766334179355656192 |