Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands
The Austral Ocean still hosts a great population of marine predators (i.e. penguins, albatross, and seals). Despite well studied, the functional approach investigating the relationship between prey and predators in the marine ecosystem is still poorly known. Knowledge on habitat selection and use of...
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-01661332v1 2023-05-15T15:33:58+02:00 Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands Stratégies de recherche alimentaire d'un prédateur plongeur en période de reproduction : le Gorfou Macaroni des îles Crozet et Kerguelen Bon, Cécile Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de La Rochelle Charles-André Bost 2016-03-11 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/file/2016Bon82762.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD NNT: 2016LAROS004 tel-01661332 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/file/2016Bon82762.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332 Sciences agricoles. Université de La Rochelle, 2016. Français. ⟨NNT : 2016LAROS004⟩ Ecology Foraging strategies Oceanographic features Breeding cycle Penguins Southern ocean Écologie comportementale Stratégies d’approvisionnement Habitats Cycle de reproduction Manchots Océan austral [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2016 ftunivnantes 2023-02-22T09:29:37Z The Austral Ocean still hosts a great population of marine predators (i.e. penguins, albatross, and seals). Despite well studied, the functional approach investigating the relationship between prey and predators in the marine ecosystem is still poorly known. Knowledge on habitat selection and use of marine species is essential to better understand their ecology and behaviour. The knowledge about the ecology of key species is essential to characterise and identify the areas to protect and to predict the future of populations that may be affected by global changes. This is particularly true in an area where the natural ecosystems are more and more perturbed by anthropogenic activities (i.e. over-fishing, pollution, and climate change). The Macaroni penguin is the most abundant penguin species in the Austral Ocean (> 6 millions pairs). It is also the biggest consumer of secondary resources, in terms of biomass, in the world. Over the past 30 years the Macaroni penguin populations situated in South Georgia and Marion Island suffered of 30% population decline. At the moment, Kerguelen and Crozet Islands (French Southern Territories) still host more than 50% of their global population, however the foraging behaviour of this species is still poorly known. The objective of this research is to study the different foraging behaviour strategies of a pelagic seabird : the Macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysoplophus during its whole breeding cycle (incubation, brood, crèche). The populations’object of study breed in different oceanographic conditions : the Kerguelen and Crozet archipelagos. The variation in foraging behaviour driven by energetic constraints, which is associated to the reproduction and to the biological production, has been studied in details. Telemetry data (i e. trajectories and diving behaviour) combined with environmental data obtained by remote sensing allowed determining that : 1) Foraging strategies of Macaroni penguin breeding in two different locations differ in terms of movement, foraging effort and ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Austral Ocean Crozet Islands Îles Crozet Kerguelen Islands Macaroni penguin Marion Island Southern Ocean Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Austral Austral Ocean ENVELOPE(90.000,90.000,-60.000,-60.000) Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Manchots ENVELOPE(141.397,141.397,-66.811,-66.811) Southern Ocean |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
French |
topic |
Ecology Foraging strategies Oceanographic features Breeding cycle Penguins Southern ocean Écologie comportementale Stratégies d’approvisionnement Habitats Cycle de reproduction Manchots Océan austral [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
spellingShingle |
Ecology Foraging strategies Oceanographic features Breeding cycle Penguins Southern ocean Écologie comportementale Stratégies d’approvisionnement Habitats Cycle de reproduction Manchots Océan austral [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences Bon, Cécile Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands |
topic_facet |
Ecology Foraging strategies Oceanographic features Breeding cycle Penguins Southern ocean Écologie comportementale Stratégies d’approvisionnement Habitats Cycle de reproduction Manchots Océan austral [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences |
description |
The Austral Ocean still hosts a great population of marine predators (i.e. penguins, albatross, and seals). Despite well studied, the functional approach investigating the relationship between prey and predators in the marine ecosystem is still poorly known. Knowledge on habitat selection and use of marine species is essential to better understand their ecology and behaviour. The knowledge about the ecology of key species is essential to characterise and identify the areas to protect and to predict the future of populations that may be affected by global changes. This is particularly true in an area where the natural ecosystems are more and more perturbed by anthropogenic activities (i.e. over-fishing, pollution, and climate change). The Macaroni penguin is the most abundant penguin species in the Austral Ocean (> 6 millions pairs). It is also the biggest consumer of secondary resources, in terms of biomass, in the world. Over the past 30 years the Macaroni penguin populations situated in South Georgia and Marion Island suffered of 30% population decline. At the moment, Kerguelen and Crozet Islands (French Southern Territories) still host more than 50% of their global population, however the foraging behaviour of this species is still poorly known. The objective of this research is to study the different foraging behaviour strategies of a pelagic seabird : the Macaroni penguin Eudyptes chrysoplophus during its whole breeding cycle (incubation, brood, crèche). The populations’object of study breed in different oceanographic conditions : the Kerguelen and Crozet archipelagos. The variation in foraging behaviour driven by energetic constraints, which is associated to the reproduction and to the biological production, has been studied in details. Telemetry data (i e. trajectories and diving behaviour) combined with environmental data obtained by remote sensing allowed determining that : 1) Foraging strategies of Macaroni penguin breeding in two different locations differ in terms of movement, foraging effort and ... |
author2 |
Centre d'Études Biologiques de Chizé - UMR 7372 (CEBC) Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-La Rochelle Université (ULR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de La Rochelle Charles-André Bost |
format |
Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis |
author |
Bon, Cécile |
author_facet |
Bon, Cécile |
author_sort |
Bon, Cécile |
title |
Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands |
title_short |
Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands |
title_full |
Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands |
title_fullStr |
Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands |
title_full_unstemmed |
Foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the Macaroni penguin from Crozet and Kerguelen Islands |
title_sort |
foraging strategies of a top-marine predator during the breeding season : the macaroni penguin from crozet and kerguelen islands |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/file/2016Bon82762.pdf |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(90.000,90.000,-60.000,-60.000) ENVELOPE(141.397,141.397,-66.811,-66.811) |
geographic |
Austral Austral Ocean Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Manchots Southern Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Austral Austral Ocean Kerguelen Kerguelen Islands Manchots Southern Ocean |
genre |
Austral Ocean Crozet Islands Îles Crozet Kerguelen Islands Macaroni penguin Marion Island Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Austral Ocean Crozet Islands Îles Crozet Kerguelen Islands Macaroni penguin Marion Island Southern Ocean |
op_source |
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332 Sciences agricoles. Université de La Rochelle, 2016. Français. ⟨NNT : 2016LAROS004⟩ |
op_relation |
NNT: 2016LAROS004 tel-01661332 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01661332/file/2016Bon82762.pdf |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
_version_ |
1766364539296677888 |