Analyse of the stratospheric winds using balloons trajectories and biases estimation of the ERA-Interim reanalysis data

• Main Author: Duruisseau, Fabrice
• Other Authors: Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l'Environnement et de l'Espace (LPC2E), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales Paris (CNES), Université d'Orléans, Nathalie Brun-Huret
• Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
• Language: French
• Published: HAL CCSD 2014
• Subjects: Stratosphere; Wind; Balloon measurements; Reanalysis data; Stratosphère; Vent; Mesures ballon; Données réanalysées; [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences; Arctic; Global warming
• Online Access: https://theses.hal.science/tel-01145270; https://theses.hal.science/tel-01145270/document; https://theses.hal.science/tel-01145270/file/fabrice-duruisseau_3681.pdf

In a current context focused on the ozone layer recovery and on the global warming, understand, represent and model the stratospheric dynamic became major issues. Realism of these models needs to be assessed. Unfortunately the stratosphere is an atmospheric layer hardly accessible to measurements. Balloons trajectories are mainly depending on the air masses displacements. Extract measurements from balloon trajectories is a solution. These works led to the creation of a database which contains winds, temperature and pressure measurements from stratospheric balloons flights data collected over a time period of more 20 years at several locations (arctic polar region, at mid-latitude and in tropics) and at different seasons. A methodology of winds biases analysis has been developed and has been applied to the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. By comparing our results with a previous study, we have been able to validate the database and the winds biases analyse methodology. A systematic analyse of winds biases at high altitude in the stratosphere considering several locations/seasons has been implemented. The results show the biases in ERA-Interim reanalyses vary and rise as function of the altitude. The locations which are associated to well established circulations are rather well represented while the locations where the variability is higher present more difficulty. Globally biases results report ERA-Interim reanalyses underestimate wind speed in the stratosphere. Dans un contexte actuel préoccupé par la couche d’ozone et son recouvrement ainsi que par le réchauffement global, comprendre, représenter et modéliser la dynamique stratosphérique sont des enjeux majeurs. Une question récurrente est de pouvoir évaluer les biais des modèles à haute altitude dans la stratosphère. Or la stratosphère est une couche de l’atmosphère difficilement accessible à la mesure. Une solution est d’extraire des informations en analysant les trajectoires des ballons qui sont essentiellement conditionnées par les mouvements des masses ...