Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities

Microorganisms are key component of Earth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biol...

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Main Author: Roy, Julien
Other Authors: Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Grenoble, Roberto Geremia
Format: Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
Language:French
Published: HAL CCSD 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf
id ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-01141406v1
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spelling ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:tel-01141406v1 2023-05-15T18:19:45+02:00 Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities Microbiologie des plantes en coussin des milieux alpins: influence des facteurs biotiques et abiotiques dans l’assemblage des communautés microbiennes Roy, Julien Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université de Grenoble Roberto Geremia 2014-09-18 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf fr fre HAL CCSD tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406 Interactions entre organismes. Université de Grenoble, 2014. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩ écologie des communautés microorganisms molecular diversity community ecology cushion plants plantmicrobes interactions biogeography alpine ecosystem microorganismes diversité moléculaire plante en coussin interactions plante-microbes biogéographie écosystème alpin [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Symbiosis [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environment/Ecosystems [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics Phylogenetics and taxonomy info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis Theses 2014 ftunivnantes 2023-03-08T07:31:07Z Microorganisms are key component of Earth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biology model, the alpine cushion plants. We choose one species composed of variable morphotype, Silene acaulis, an ecosystem engineer species that creates de novo soilthrough growth. Sampling design includes soil within cushions and outside, spanning altitudinal and geological gradients. Molecular approachs were used to describe diversity and to genotype cushions. Cushions structures bacterial and fungal regional beta diversity through a micro-local buffering of the influence of abiotic context, homogeneizing soil pH and by nutrient supply. This engineering effect increased in stressful conditions and varied according to plantgenotype. Betadiversity differed between bacteria and fungi. Bacterial communities are mainly influenced by pH and converge within cushions while fungal communities correlate to cushion genetic, especially plant-associated biotrophs fungal clades. This work shows that plants act as a major biotic filter on microbial biogeography. Les microorganismes occupent une place centrale dans la diversité du vivant et les processus écosystémiques, notamment dans le sol où ils sont en interaction avec les plantes. Cette thèse vise à caractériser l’influence respective des plantes et du contexte abiotique dans la distribution spatiale des microorganismes. Le travail s’appuie sur un modèle simplifié de la biologie des sols, les plantes en coussins des falaises de haute montagne. Nous avons suivi une seule espèce aux morphotypes variés, Silene acaulis, une espèce ingénieure de l’écosystème dont la croissance mène à la création d’un sol de novo. L’échantillonnage comprend le prélèvement de sol de plante et de sol extérieur comme témoin, pour des coussins distribués le long de gradients altitudinaux et ... Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis Silene acaulis Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES
institution Open Polar
collection Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES
op_collection_id ftunivnantes
language French
topic écologie des communautés
microorganisms
molecular diversity
community ecology
cushion plants
plantmicrobes interactions
biogeography
alpine ecosystem
microorganismes
diversité moléculaire
plante en coussin
interactions plante-microbes
biogéographie
écosystème alpin
[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Symbiosis
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Ecosystems
[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics
Phylogenetics and taxonomy
spellingShingle écologie des communautés
microorganisms
molecular diversity
community ecology
cushion plants
plantmicrobes interactions
biogeography
alpine ecosystem
microorganismes
diversité moléculaire
plante en coussin
interactions plante-microbes
biogéographie
écosystème alpin
[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Symbiosis
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Ecosystems
[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics
Phylogenetics and taxonomy
Roy, Julien
Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
topic_facet écologie des communautés
microorganisms
molecular diversity
community ecology
cushion plants
plantmicrobes interactions
biogeography
alpine ecosystem
microorganismes
diversité moléculaire
plante en coussin
interactions plante-microbes
biogéographie
écosystème alpin
[SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Symbiosis
[SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology
environment/Ecosystems
[SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics
Phylogenetics and taxonomy
description Microorganisms are key component of Earth biodiversity and ecosystem processes, especially in soils where they interact with plants. The objectives of the PhD was to caracterize the plant and abiotic respective influence on microbial spatial distribution. The work was based on a simplified soil biology model, the alpine cushion plants. We choose one species composed of variable morphotype, Silene acaulis, an ecosystem engineer species that creates de novo soilthrough growth. Sampling design includes soil within cushions and outside, spanning altitudinal and geological gradients. Molecular approachs were used to describe diversity and to genotype cushions. Cushions structures bacterial and fungal regional beta diversity through a micro-local buffering of the influence of abiotic context, homogeneizing soil pH and by nutrient supply. This engineering effect increased in stressful conditions and varied according to plantgenotype. Betadiversity differed between bacteria and fungi. Bacterial communities are mainly influenced by pH and converge within cushions while fungal communities correlate to cushion genetic, especially plant-associated biotrophs fungal clades. This work shows that plants act as a major biotic filter on microbial biogeography. Les microorganismes occupent une place centrale dans la diversité du vivant et les processus écosystémiques, notamment dans le sol où ils sont en interaction avec les plantes. Cette thèse vise à caractériser l’influence respective des plantes et du contexte abiotique dans la distribution spatiale des microorganismes. Le travail s’appuie sur un modèle simplifié de la biologie des sols, les plantes en coussins des falaises de haute montagne. Nous avons suivi une seule espèce aux morphotypes variés, Silene acaulis, une espèce ingénieure de l’écosystème dont la croissance mène à la création d’un sol de novo. L’échantillonnage comprend le prélèvement de sol de plante et de sol extérieur comme témoin, pour des coussins distribués le long de gradients altitudinaux et ...
author2 Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)
Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Université de Grenoble
Roberto Geremia
format Doctoral or Postdoctoral Thesis
author Roy, Julien
author_facet Roy, Julien
author_sort Roy, Julien
title Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
title_short Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
title_full Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
title_fullStr Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
title_full_unstemmed Microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
title_sort microbiology of alpine cushion plants: influence of biotic and abiotic drivers on microbial communities
publisher HAL CCSD
publishDate 2014
url https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf
genre Silene acaulis
genre_facet Silene acaulis
op_source https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406
Interactions entre organismes. Université de Grenoble, 2014. Français. ⟨NNT : ⟩
op_relation tel-01141406
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/document
https://theses.hal.science/tel-01141406/file/manuscrit_these_JulienRoy_final.pdf
op_rights info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
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