Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance
International audience The specific surface area (SSA) of snow can be used as an objective measurement of grain size and is therefore a central variable to describe snow physical properties such as albedo. Snow SSA can now be easily measured in the field using optical methods based on infrared refle...
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Online Access: | https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/file/tc-8-1139-2014.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 |
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:insu-03633481v1 2023-05-15T18:32:16+02:00 Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance Gallet, J. -C. Domine, F. Dumont, M. Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) 2014 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/file/tc-8-1139-2014.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 en eng HAL CCSD Copernicus info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/file/tc-8-1139-2014.pdf BIBCODE: 2014TCry.8.1139G doi:10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1994-0424 EISSN: 1994-0416 The Cryosphere https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 The Cryosphere, 2014, 8, pp.1139-1148. ⟨10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014⟩ [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2014 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 2023-02-22T02:04:51Z International audience The specific surface area (SSA) of snow can be used as an objective measurement of grain size and is therefore a central variable to describe snow physical properties such as albedo. Snow SSA can now be easily measured in the field using optical methods based on infrared reflectance. However, existing optical methods have only been validated for dry snow. Here we test the possibility to use the DUFISSS instrument, based on the measurement of the 1310 nm reflectance of snow with an integrating sphere, to measure the SSA of wet snow. We perform cold room experiments where we measure the SSA of a wet snow sample, freeze it and measure it again, to quantify the difference in reflectance between frozen and wet snow. We study snow samples in the SSA range 12-37 m 2 kg -1 and in the mass liquid water content (LWC) range 5-32%. We conclude that the SSA of wet snow can be obtained from the measurement of its 1310 nm reflectance using three simple steps. In most cases, the SSA thus obtained is less than 10 {%} different from the value that would have been obtained if the sample had been considered dry, so that the three simple steps constitute a minor correction. We also run two optical models to interpret the results, but no model reproduces correctly the water-ice distribution in wet snow, so that their predictions of wet snow reflectance are imperfect. The correction on the determination of wet snow SSA using the DUFISSS instrument gives an overall uncertainty better than 11%, even if the LWC is unknown. If SSA is expressed as a surface to volume ratio (e.g., in mm -1 ), the uncertainty is then 13% because of additional uncertainties in the determination of the volume of ice and water when the LWC is unknown. Article in Journal/Newspaper The Cryosphere Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES The Cryosphere 8 4 1139 1148 |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
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ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
spellingShingle |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] Gallet, J. -C. Domine, F. Dumont, M. Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
topic_facet |
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] |
description |
International audience The specific surface area (SSA) of snow can be used as an objective measurement of grain size and is therefore a central variable to describe snow physical properties such as albedo. Snow SSA can now be easily measured in the field using optical methods based on infrared reflectance. However, existing optical methods have only been validated for dry snow. Here we test the possibility to use the DUFISSS instrument, based on the measurement of the 1310 nm reflectance of snow with an integrating sphere, to measure the SSA of wet snow. We perform cold room experiments where we measure the SSA of a wet snow sample, freeze it and measure it again, to quantify the difference in reflectance between frozen and wet snow. We study snow samples in the SSA range 12-37 m 2 kg -1 and in the mass liquid water content (LWC) range 5-32%. We conclude that the SSA of wet snow can be obtained from the measurement of its 1310 nm reflectance using three simple steps. In most cases, the SSA thus obtained is less than 10 {%} different from the value that would have been obtained if the sample had been considered dry, so that the three simple steps constitute a minor correction. We also run two optical models to interpret the results, but no model reproduces correctly the water-ice distribution in wet snow, so that their predictions of wet snow reflectance are imperfect. The correction on the determination of wet snow SSA using the DUFISSS instrument gives an overall uncertainty better than 11%, even if the LWC is unknown. If SSA is expressed as a surface to volume ratio (e.g., in mm -1 ), the uncertainty is then 13% because of additional uncertainties in the determination of the volume of ice and water when the LWC is unknown. |
author2 |
Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM) Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP) Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3) Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales Toulouse (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Gallet, J. -C. Domine, F. Dumont, M. |
author_facet |
Gallet, J. -C. Domine, F. Dumont, M. |
author_sort |
Gallet, J. -C. |
title |
Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
title_short |
Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
title_full |
Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
title_fullStr |
Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
title_full_unstemmed |
Measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
title_sort |
measuring the specific surface area of wet snow using 1310 nm reflectance |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/file/tc-8-1139-2014.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 |
genre |
The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
The Cryosphere |
op_source |
ISSN: 1994-0424 EISSN: 1994-0416 The Cryosphere https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 The Cryosphere, 2014, 8, pp.1139-1148. ⟨10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-03633481/file/tc-8-1139-2014.pdf BIBCODE: 2014TCry.8.1139G doi:10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1139-2014 |
container_title |
The Cryosphere |
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8 |
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4 |
container_start_page |
1139 |
op_container_end_page |
1148 |
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