Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications
International audience Continuous hourly measurements of gas-phase ammonia (NH3(g)) were taken from 13 July to 7 August 2014 on a research cruise throughout Baffin Bay and the eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Concentrations ranged from 30–650 ng m−3 (40–870 pptv) with the highest values recorded...
Published in: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
Published: |
HAL CCSD
2016
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/file/acp-16-1937-2016.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 |
id |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:insu-01226053v1 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere Wentworth, Greg R. Murphy, Jennifer G. Croft, Betty Martin, Randall V. Pierce, Jeffrey R. Côté, Jean-Sébastien Courchesne, Isabelle Tremblay, Jean-Éric Gagnon, Jonathan Thomas, Jennie L. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom-Sauntry, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Levasseur, Maurice Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
topic_facet |
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere |
description |
International audience Continuous hourly measurements of gas-phase ammonia (NH3(g)) were taken from 13 July to 7 August 2014 on a research cruise throughout Baffin Bay and the eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Concentrations ranged from 30–650 ng m−3 (40–870 pptv) with the highest values recorded in Lancaster Sound (74°13' N, 84°00' W). Simultaneous measurements of total ammonium ([NHx]), pH and temperature in the ocean and in melt ponds were used to compute the compensation point (χ), which is the ambient NH3(g) concentration at which surface–air fluxes change direction. Ambient NH3(g) was usually several orders of magnitude larger than both χocean and χMP (< 0.4–10 ng m3) indicating these surface pools are net sinks of NH3(g). Flux calculations estimate average net downward fluxes of 1.4 and 1.1 ng m-2 s-1 for the open ocean and melt ponds, respectively. Sufficient NH3(g) was present to neutralize non-sea salt sulphate (nss-SO42-) in the boundary layer during most of the study. This finding was corroborated with a historical dataset of PM2.5 composition from Alert, NU (82°30' N, 62°20' W) wherein the median ratio of NH4+/nss-SO42- equivalents was greater than 0.75 in June, July and August. The GEOS-Chem chemical transport model was employed to examine the impact of NH3(g) emissions from seabird guano on boundary-layer composition and nss-SO42- neutralization. A GEOS-Chem simulation without seabird emissions underestimated boundary layer NH3(g) by several orders of magnitude and yielded highly acidic aerosol. A simulation that included seabird NH3 emissions was in better agreement with observations for both NH3(g) concentrations and nss-SO42- neutralization. This is strong evidence that seabird colonies are significant sources of NH3(g) in the summertime Arctic, and are ubiquitous enough to impact atmospheric composition across the entire Baffin Bay region. Large wildfires in the Northwest Territories were likely an important source of NH3(g), but their influence was probably limited to the Central ... |
author2 |
Department of Chemistry University of Toronto University of Toronto Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Halifax Dalhousie University Halifax Department of Atmospheric Science Fort Collins Colorado State University Fort Collins (CSU) Department of Biology Québec Université Laval Québec (ULaval) TROPO - LATMOS Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change Canada |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Wentworth, Greg R. Murphy, Jennifer G. Croft, Betty Martin, Randall V. Pierce, Jeffrey R. Côté, Jean-Sébastien Courchesne, Isabelle Tremblay, Jean-Éric Gagnon, Jonathan Thomas, Jennie L. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom-Sauntry, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Levasseur, Maurice Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. |
author_facet |
Wentworth, Greg R. Murphy, Jennifer G. Croft, Betty Martin, Randall V. Pierce, Jeffrey R. Côté, Jean-Sébastien Courchesne, Isabelle Tremblay, Jean-Éric Gagnon, Jonathan Thomas, Jennie L. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom-Sauntry, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Levasseur, Maurice Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. |
author_sort |
Wentworth, Greg R. |
title |
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
title_short |
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
title_full |
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
title_fullStr |
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
title_sort |
ammonia in the summertime arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/file/acp-16-1937-2016.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) ENVELOPE(-83.999,-83.999,74.218,74.218) |
geographic |
Arctic Northwest Territories Baffin Bay Canadian Arctic Archipelago Guano Lancaster Sound |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Northwest Territories Baffin Bay Canadian Arctic Archipelago Guano Lancaster Sound |
genre |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin Canadian Arctic Archipelago Lancaster Sound Northwest Territories |
genre_facet |
Arctic Archipelago Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin Canadian Arctic Archipelago Lancaster Sound Northwest Territories |
op_source |
ISSN: 1680-7316 EISSN: 1680-7324 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, European Geosciences Union, 2016, 16 (4), pp.1937-1953. ⟨10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/file/acp-16-1937-2016.pdf doi:10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 |
container_title |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
1937 |
op_container_end_page |
1953 |
_version_ |
1766303125436628992 |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:insu-01226053v1 2023-05-15T14:29:01+02:00 Ammonia in the summertime Arctic marine boundary layer: sources, sinks and implications Wentworth, Greg R. Murphy, Jennifer G. Croft, Betty Martin, Randall V. Pierce, Jeffrey R. Côté, Jean-Sébastien Courchesne, Isabelle Tremblay, Jean-Éric Gagnon, Jonathan Thomas, Jennie L. Sharma, Sangeeta Toom-Sauntry, Desiree Chivulescu, Alina Levasseur, Maurice Abbatt, Jonathan P. D. Department of Chemistry University of Toronto University of Toronto Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Halifax Dalhousie University Halifax Department of Atmospheric Science Fort Collins Colorado State University Fort Collins (CSU) Department of Biology Québec Université Laval Québec (ULaval) TROPO - LATMOS Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Science and Technology Branch Environment and Climate Change Canada 2016 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/file/acp-16-1937-2016.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053/file/acp-16-1937-2016.pdf doi:10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1680-7316 EISSN: 1680-7324 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-01226053 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, European Geosciences Union, 2016, 16 (4), pp.1937-1953. ⟨10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016⟩ [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean Atmosphere info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2016 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1937-2016 2022-10-19T00:18:04Z International audience Continuous hourly measurements of gas-phase ammonia (NH3(g)) were taken from 13 July to 7 August 2014 on a research cruise throughout Baffin Bay and the eastern Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Concentrations ranged from 30–650 ng m−3 (40–870 pptv) with the highest values recorded in Lancaster Sound (74°13' N, 84°00' W). Simultaneous measurements of total ammonium ([NHx]), pH and temperature in the ocean and in melt ponds were used to compute the compensation point (χ), which is the ambient NH3(g) concentration at which surface–air fluxes change direction. Ambient NH3(g) was usually several orders of magnitude larger than both χocean and χMP (< 0.4–10 ng m3) indicating these surface pools are net sinks of NH3(g). Flux calculations estimate average net downward fluxes of 1.4 and 1.1 ng m-2 s-1 for the open ocean and melt ponds, respectively. Sufficient NH3(g) was present to neutralize non-sea salt sulphate (nss-SO42-) in the boundary layer during most of the study. This finding was corroborated with a historical dataset of PM2.5 composition from Alert, NU (82°30' N, 62°20' W) wherein the median ratio of NH4+/nss-SO42- equivalents was greater than 0.75 in June, July and August. The GEOS-Chem chemical transport model was employed to examine the impact of NH3(g) emissions from seabird guano on boundary-layer composition and nss-SO42- neutralization. A GEOS-Chem simulation without seabird emissions underestimated boundary layer NH3(g) by several orders of magnitude and yielded highly acidic aerosol. A simulation that included seabird NH3 emissions was in better agreement with observations for both NH3(g) concentrations and nss-SO42- neutralization. This is strong evidence that seabird colonies are significant sources of NH3(g) in the summertime Arctic, and are ubiquitous enough to impact atmospheric composition across the entire Baffin Bay region. Large wildfires in the Northwest Territories were likely an important source of NH3(g), but their influence was probably limited to the Central ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Archipelago Arctic Baffin Bay Baffin Bay Baffin Canadian Arctic Archipelago Lancaster Sound Northwest Territories Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Arctic Northwest Territories Baffin Bay Canadian Arctic Archipelago Guano ENVELOPE(141.604,141.604,-66.775,-66.775) Lancaster Sound ENVELOPE(-83.999,-83.999,74.218,74.218) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16 4 1937 1953 |