Evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet throughout the last deglaciation: A study with a new coupled climate—north and south hemisphere ice sheet model

• Published in: Earth and Planetary Science Letters
• Main Authors: Philippon, Gwenaëlle, Ramstein, Gilles, Charbit, Sylvie, Kageyama, Masa, Ritz, Catherine, Dumas, Christophe
• Other Authors: Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation du climat (CLIM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2006
• Subjects: Last deglaciation; Sea-level; Ice sheets; Climate-ice sheets interactions; [SDU.STU.GL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Glaciology; Antarctic; The Antarctic; Weddell Sea; Weddell; Antarc*; ice core; Ice Sheet; Ice Shelves
• Online Access: https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00375738; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2006.06.017

International audience The aim of this paper is to assess, through the understanding of deglaciation processes, the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet to sea-level rise during the last deglaciation. To achieve this goal, we use an Earth System model in which the interactions between the atmosphere, the ocean, the vegetation and the northern and Antarctic ice sheets are represented. This new tool allows the simulation of the evolution of the Antarctic ice volume, which starts to decrease at around 15 ka. At the end of deglaciation, the melting of the Antarctic ice sheet contributes to an ice-equivalent sea-level rise of 9.5 m in the standard experiment and 17.5 m in a more realistic sensitivity experiment accounting for a different bathymetry in the Weddell Sea which succeeds in producing both major ice shelves (Ross and Ronne-Filchner). In both experiments, the melting of all ice sheets contributes to 121.5 m and 129.5 m, respectively, which is very consistent with data. The new coupled model provides a timing and amplitude of the Antarctic deglaciation different from those previously obtained by prescribing the temperature record from the Vostok Antarctic ice core (78°27′S 106°52′E) as a uniform temperature forcing. Sensitivity experiments have also been performed to analyse the impact of the parameters at the origin of the deglaciation process: insolation changes, atmospheric CO2 variation, basal melting and sea-level rise. All those parameters have an influence on the timing of the deglaciation. The prescribed global sea level rise is shown to be a major forcing factor for the evolution of the Antarctic ice volume during the last deglaciation. We quantify the direct effect of the sea-level rise due to the northern hemisphere ice sheet melting on the grounding line retreat which, in turn, favours enhancement of grounded ice flow by lowering the buttressing effect of ice shelves.