Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study
International audience The catastrophic lahars triggered by the 13 November 1985 eruption of the ice-clad Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia, demonstrate that the interaction of hot pyroclasts with snow and ice can release 30-50 million m3 of meltwater in 30-90 minutes. The 1985 eruption caused a 16%...
Published in: | Annals of Glaciology |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2007
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Online Access: | https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/file/div-class-title-volcano-glacier-interactions-on-composite-cones-and-lahar-generation-nevado-del-ruiz-colombia-case-study-div.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282589 |
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Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
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ftunivnantes |
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English |
topic |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences Thouret, Jean-Claude Ramirez, J. C. Gibert-Malengreau, B. Vargas, C. A. Naranjo, J. L. Vandemeulebrouck, J. Valla, F. Funk, M. Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study |
topic_facet |
[SDE]Environmental Sciences |
description |
International audience The catastrophic lahars triggered by the 13 November 1985 eruption of the ice-clad Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia, demonstrate that the interaction of hot pyroclasts with snow and ice can release 30-50 million m3 of meltwater in 30-90 minutes. The 1985 eruption caused a 16% loss in area and a 9% loss in volume of snow, firn and ice. Turbulent pyroclastic density currents mechanically mixed with snow and produced meltwater at a rate of 0.5-1.6 mm s−1. Laboratory experiments suggest that turbulent, fluidized pyroclastic density currents exert mechanical and thermal scour, thereby efficiently transferring heat from hot pyroclasts to snow. Ice cap loss at Nevado del Ruiz continued between 1985 and 2000, representing a ∼52% decline in area and a ∼30% fall in volume. Ice 60-190 m thick caps the east and southeast summit plateau, whereas an ice field < 30 m thick and devoid of snow is retreating on the north, northeast and west edges. This asymmetrical distribution of ice reflects combined long-term effects of the 1985 eruption and of the post-1985 ice cap retreat. Should volcanic activity resume, steep-sided glaciers can fail and pyroclastic flows and surges can sweep the snowpack and generate mixed avalanches and lahars. Although the potential source of meltwater has decreased since 1985, extensive debris at the ice cap margins can be incorporated to future lahars. |
author2 |
Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (INGEOMINAS) INGEOMINAS, Bogota Departamento de Geologia, Universidad Nacional Universidad Nacional, Bogota Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Érosion torrentielle, neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)) Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF) Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie (VAW) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Thouret, Jean-Claude Ramirez, J. C. Gibert-Malengreau, B. Vargas, C. A. Naranjo, J. L. Vandemeulebrouck, J. Valla, F. Funk, M. |
author_facet |
Thouret, Jean-Claude Ramirez, J. C. Gibert-Malengreau, B. Vargas, C. A. Naranjo, J. L. Vandemeulebrouck, J. Valla, F. Funk, M. |
author_sort |
Thouret, Jean-Claude |
title |
Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study |
title_short |
Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study |
title_full |
Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study |
title_fullStr |
Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study |
title_sort |
volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: nevado del ruiz, colombia, case study |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/file/div-class-title-volcano-glacier-interactions-on-composite-cones-and-lahar-generation-nevado-del-ruiz-colombia-case-study-div.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282589 |
genre |
Annals of Glaciology Ice cap |
genre_facet |
Annals of Glaciology Ice cap |
op_source |
ISSN: 0260-3055 EISSN: 1727-5644 Annals of Glaciology https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 Annals of Glaciology, 2007, 45 (1), pp.115 à 127. ⟨10.3189/172756407782282589⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3189/172756407782282589 insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/file/div-class-title-volcano-glacier-interactions-on-composite-cones-and-lahar-generation-nevado-del-ruiz-colombia-case-study-div.pdf doi:10.3189/172756407782282589 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282589 |
container_title |
Annals of Glaciology |
container_volume |
45 |
container_start_page |
115 |
op_container_end_page |
127 |
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1766000471172972544 |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:insu-00347937v1 2023-05-15T13:29:25+02:00 Volcano-glacier interactions on composite cones and lahar generation: Nevado del Ruiz, Colombia, case study Thouret, Jean-Claude Ramirez, J. C. Gibert-Malengreau, B. Vargas, C. A. Naranjo, J. L. Vandemeulebrouck, J. Valla, F. Funk, M. Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV) Observatoire de Physique du Globe de Clermont-Ferrand (OPGC) Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Instituto Colombiano de Geología y Minería (INGEOMINAS) INGEOMINAS, Bogota Departamento de Geologia, Universidad Nacional Universidad Nacional, Bogota Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique (LGIT) Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG) Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB Université de Savoie Université de Chambéry )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Érosion torrentielle, neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)) Centre national du machinisme agricole, du génie rural, des eaux et forêts (CEMAGREF) Versuchsanstalt für Wasserbau, Hydrologie und Glaziologie (VAW) Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich (ETH Zürich) 2007 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/file/div-class-title-volcano-glacier-interactions-on-composite-cones-and-lahar-generation-nevado-del-ruiz-colombia-case-study-div.pdf https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282589 en eng HAL CCSD Cambridge University Press info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3189/172756407782282589 insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/document https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937/file/div-class-title-volcano-glacier-interactions-on-composite-cones-and-lahar-generation-nevado-del-ruiz-colombia-case-study-div.pdf doi:10.3189/172756407782282589 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0260-3055 EISSN: 1727-5644 Annals of Glaciology https://hal-insu.archives-ouvertes.fr/insu-00347937 Annals of Glaciology, 2007, 45 (1), pp.115 à 127. ⟨10.3189/172756407782282589⟩ [SDE]Environmental Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2007 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282589 2023-03-01T02:31:41Z International audience The catastrophic lahars triggered by the 13 November 1985 eruption of the ice-clad Nevado del Ruiz volcano, Colombia, demonstrate that the interaction of hot pyroclasts with snow and ice can release 30-50 million m3 of meltwater in 30-90 minutes. The 1985 eruption caused a 16% loss in area and a 9% loss in volume of snow, firn and ice. Turbulent pyroclastic density currents mechanically mixed with snow and produced meltwater at a rate of 0.5-1.6 mm s−1. Laboratory experiments suggest that turbulent, fluidized pyroclastic density currents exert mechanical and thermal scour, thereby efficiently transferring heat from hot pyroclasts to snow. Ice cap loss at Nevado del Ruiz continued between 1985 and 2000, representing a ∼52% decline in area and a ∼30% fall in volume. Ice 60-190 m thick caps the east and southeast summit plateau, whereas an ice field < 30 m thick and devoid of snow is retreating on the north, northeast and west edges. This asymmetrical distribution of ice reflects combined long-term effects of the 1985 eruption and of the post-1985 ice cap retreat. Should volcanic activity resume, steep-sided glaciers can fail and pyroclastic flows and surges can sweep the snowpack and generate mixed avalanches and lahars. Although the potential source of meltwater has decreased since 1985, extensive debris at the ice cap margins can be incorporated to future lahars. Article in Journal/Newspaper Annals of Glaciology Ice cap Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Annals of Glaciology 45 115 127 |