Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison
International audience Abstract. The global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric pCO2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways...
Published in: | Climate of the Past |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Other Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article in Journal/Newspaper |
Language: | English |
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HAL CCSD
2020
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Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/file/cp-16-555-2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
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ftunivnantes |
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English |
topic |
[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
spellingShingle |
[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology Kennedy-Asser, Alan Lunt, Daniel Valdes, Paul Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Frieling, Joost Lauretano, Vittoria Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
topic_facet |
[SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology |
description |
International audience Abstract. The global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric pCO2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage around this time. To better understand the Southern Hemisphere regional climatic changes and the impact of glaciation on the Earth's oceans and atmosphere at the EOT, we compiled a database of 10 ocean and 4 land-surface temperature reconstructions from a range of proxy records and compared this with a series of fully coupled, low-resolution climate model simulations from two models (HadCM3BL and FOAM). Regional patterns in the proxy records of temperature show that cooling across the EOT was less at high latitudes and greater at mid-latitudes. While certain climate model simulations show moderate–good performance at recreating the temperature patterns shown in the data before and after the EOT, in general the model simulations do not capture the absolute latitudinal temperature gradient shown by the data, being too cold, particularly at high latitudes. When taking into account the absolute temperature before and after the EOT, as well as the change in temperature across it, simulations with a closed Drake Passage before and after the EOT or with an opening of the Drake Passage across the EOT perform poorly, whereas simulations with a drop in atmospheric pCO2 in combination with ice growth generally perform better. This provides further support for previous research that changes in atmospheric pCO2 are more likely to have been the driver of the EOT climatic changes, as opposed to the opening of the Drake Passage. |
author2 |
Bristol Research Initiative for the Dynamic Global Environment (BRIDGE) School of Geographical Sciences Bristol University of Bristol Bristol -University of Bristol Bristol University of Bristol Bristol Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) University of Michigan Ann Arbor University of Michigan System |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Kennedy-Asser, Alan Lunt, Daniel Valdes, Paul Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Frieling, Joost Lauretano, Vittoria |
author_facet |
Kennedy-Asser, Alan Lunt, Daniel Valdes, Paul Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Frieling, Joost Lauretano, Vittoria |
author_sort |
Kennedy-Asser, Alan |
title |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_short |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_full |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_fullStr |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
title_sort |
changes in the high-latitude southern hemisphere through the eocene–oligocene transition: a model–data comparison |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/file/cp-16-555-2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 |
geographic |
Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Ice Sheet Southern Ocean |
op_source |
ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 Climate of the Past, European Geosciences Union (EGU), 2020, 16 (2), pp.555-573. ⟨10.5194/cp-16-555-2020⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/file/cp-16-555-2020.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 |
op_rights |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 |
container_title |
Climate of the Past |
container_volume |
16 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
555 |
op_container_end_page |
573 |
_version_ |
1766259486603870208 |
spelling |
ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-03845419v1 2023-05-15T13:53:59+02:00 Changes in the high-latitude Southern Hemisphere through the Eocene–Oligocene transition: a model–data comparison Kennedy-Asser, Alan Lunt, Daniel Valdes, Paul Ladant, Jean-Baptiste Frieling, Joost Lauretano, Vittoria Bristol Research Initiative for the Dynamic Global Environment (BRIDGE) School of Geographical Sciences Bristol University of Bristol Bristol -University of Bristol Bristol University of Bristol Bristol Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement Gif-sur-Yvette (LSCE) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Modélisation du climat (CLIM) Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) University of Michigan Ann Arbor University of Michigan System 2020 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/file/cp-16-555-2020.pdf https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 en eng HAL CCSD European Geosciences Union (EGU) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/document https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419/file/cp-16-555-2020.pdf doi:10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 1814-9324 EISSN: 1814-9332 Climate of the Past https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03845419 Climate of the Past, European Geosciences Union (EGU), 2020, 16 (2), pp.555-573. ⟨10.5194/cp-16-555-2020⟩ [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2020 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-555-2020 2022-11-16T00:02:26Z International audience Abstract. The global and regional climate changed dramatically with the expansion of the Antarctic Ice Sheet at the Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT). These large-scale changes are generally linked to declining atmospheric pCO2 levels and/or changes in Southern Ocean gateways such as the Drake Passage around this time. To better understand the Southern Hemisphere regional climatic changes and the impact of glaciation on the Earth's oceans and atmosphere at the EOT, we compiled a database of 10 ocean and 4 land-surface temperature reconstructions from a range of proxy records and compared this with a series of fully coupled, low-resolution climate model simulations from two models (HadCM3BL and FOAM). Regional patterns in the proxy records of temperature show that cooling across the EOT was less at high latitudes and greater at mid-latitudes. While certain climate model simulations show moderate–good performance at recreating the temperature patterns shown in the data before and after the EOT, in general the model simulations do not capture the absolute latitudinal temperature gradient shown by the data, being too cold, particularly at high latitudes. When taking into account the absolute temperature before and after the EOT, as well as the change in temperature across it, simulations with a closed Drake Passage before and after the EOT or with an opening of the Drake Passage across the EOT perform poorly, whereas simulations with a drop in atmospheric pCO2 in combination with ice growth generally perform better. This provides further support for previous research that changes in atmospheric pCO2 are more likely to have been the driver of the EOT climatic changes, as opposed to the opening of the Drake Passage. Article in Journal/Newspaper Antarc* Antarctic Drake Passage Ice Sheet Southern Ocean Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Antarctic Drake Passage Southern Ocean The Antarctic Climate of the Past 16 2 555 573 |