Contrasted propensity for waterborne and airborne dispersal between two closely related semi-aquatic spider species

• Published in: Insect Conservation and Diversity
• Main Authors: Monsimet, Jérémy, Pétillon, Julien, Devineau, Olivier, Gardoni, Nino, Bataillard, Lea, Lafage, Denis
• Other Authors: Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences - Høgskolen i Innlandet, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution Rennes (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nelson Mandela University Port Elizabeth, Karlstad University Sweden
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: HAL CCSD 2022
• Subjects: dispersal behaviours; generalist species; long-distance dispersal; Pisauridae; short-distance dispersal; specialist species; [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology; Fennoscandia
• Online Access: https://hal.science/hal-03770409; https://doi.org/10.1111/icad.12596

International audience Dispersal abilities are important to support metapopulation functioning and species distributions, yet it is rarely accounted for in conservation. Here, we compared the propensity for dispersal between the two fishing spiders present in Europe: the widespread habitat-generalist Dolomedes fimbriatus and the scarcer red-listed Dolomedes plantarius. We experimentally tested for airborne and waterborne dispersal using first instar juveniles sampled in nursery webs, and older juveniles. We estimated the propensity for short and long-distance dispersal of airborne and waterborne behaviours, and we tested the difference between species with generalised linear mixed models. Airborne (ballooning) and waterborne (sailing) behaviours were more frequent for D. fimbriatus than for D. plantarius, indicating a higher propensity of the former for long-distance dispersal. The frequency of rappelling behaviour, and thus the propensity for short-distance dispersal, did not differ between species. However, we found contrasting results for short-distance dispersal on the water, with rowing being more frequent and running less frequent for D. plantarius than for D. fimbriatus. The different propensity for dispersal between the two species might be partly explained by the ecology of D. plantarius, which is known to be more habitat-specialist and more dependent to water bodies than D. fimbriatus. The limited propensity for dispersal of the red-listed D. plantarius is another argument for conserving an interconnected network of wetlands in Fennoscandia. Indeed, increased isolation of populations would be detrimental for species maintenance.