Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms
International audience Parasites rely on resources from a host and are selected to achieve an optimal combination of transmission and virulence. Human-induced changes in parasite ecology, such as intensive farming of hosts, might not only favour increased parasite abundances, but also alter the sele...
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-03616642v1 2023-05-15T15:32:34+02:00 Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms Ugelvik, M. S. Skorping, A. Moberg, O. Mennerat, Adèle Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN) Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Biological Sciences Bergen (BIO / UiB) University of Bergen (UiB) 2017 https://hal-u-picardie.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03616642 https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13082 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/jeb.13082 hal-03616642 https://hal-u-picardie.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03616642 doi:10.1111/jeb.13082 ISSN: 1010-061X EISSN: 1420-9101 Journal of Evolutionary Biology https://hal-u-picardie.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03616642 Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2017, 30 (6), pp.1136-1142. ⟨10.1111/jeb.13082⟩ [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2017 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13082 2023-03-08T01:56:51Z International audience Parasites rely on resources from a host and are selected to achieve an optimal combination of transmission and virulence. Human-induced changes in parasite ecology, such as intensive farming of hosts, might not only favour increased parasite abundances, but also alter the selection acting on parasites and lead to life-history evolution. The trade-off between transmission and virulence could be affected by intensive farming practices such as high host density and the use of antiparasitic drugs, which might lead to increased virulence in some host-parasite systems. To test this, we therefore infected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts with salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) sampled either from wild or farmed hosts in a laboratory experiment. We compared growth and skin damage (i.e. proxies for virulence) of hosts infected with either wild or farmed lice and found that, compared to lice sampled from wild hosts in unfarmed areas, those originating from farmed fish were more harmful; they inflicted more skin damage to their hosts and reduced relative host weight gain to a greater extent. We advocate that more evolutionary studies should be carried out using farmed animals as study species, given the current increase in intensive food production practices that might be compared to a global experiment in parasite evolution. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Journal of Evolutionary Biology 30 6 1136 1142 |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
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ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] |
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[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] Ugelvik, M. S. Skorping, A. Moberg, O. Mennerat, Adèle Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
topic_facet |
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] |
description |
International audience Parasites rely on resources from a host and are selected to achieve an optimal combination of transmission and virulence. Human-induced changes in parasite ecology, such as intensive farming of hosts, might not only favour increased parasite abundances, but also alter the selection acting on parasites and lead to life-history evolution. The trade-off between transmission and virulence could be affected by intensive farming practices such as high host density and the use of antiparasitic drugs, which might lead to increased virulence in some host-parasite systems. To test this, we therefore infected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) smolts with salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) sampled either from wild or farmed hosts in a laboratory experiment. We compared growth and skin damage (i.e. proxies for virulence) of hosts infected with either wild or farmed lice and found that, compared to lice sampled from wild hosts in unfarmed areas, those originating from farmed fish were more harmful; they inflicted more skin damage to their hosts and reduced relative host weight gain to a greater extent. We advocate that more evolutionary studies should be carried out using farmed animals as study species, given the current increase in intensive food production practices that might be compared to a global experiment in parasite evolution. |
author2 |
Ecologie et Dynamique des Systèmes Anthropisés - UMR CNRS 7058 (EDYSAN) Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Department of Biological Sciences Bergen (BIO / UiB) University of Bergen (UiB) |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Ugelvik, M. S. Skorping, A. Moberg, O. Mennerat, Adèle |
author_facet |
Ugelvik, M. S. Skorping, A. Moberg, O. Mennerat, Adèle |
author_sort |
Ugelvik, M. S. |
title |
Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
title_short |
Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
title_full |
Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
title_fullStr |
Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
title_full_unstemmed |
Evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
title_sort |
evolution of virulence under intensive farming: salmon lice increase skin lesions and reduce host growth in salmon farms |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2017 |
url |
https://hal-u-picardie.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03616642 https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13082 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
ISSN: 1010-061X EISSN: 1420-9101 Journal of Evolutionary Biology https://hal-u-picardie.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03616642 Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2017, 30 (6), pp.1136-1142. ⟨10.1111/jeb.13082⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/jeb.13082 hal-03616642 https://hal-u-picardie.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03616642 doi:10.1111/jeb.13082 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13082 |
container_title |
Journal of Evolutionary Biology |
container_volume |
30 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
1136 |
op_container_end_page |
1142 |
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1766363060660862976 |