Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather
International audience Alert Distance (AD) and Flight Initiation Distance (FID) are popular measures used to explore the reaction of prey to approaching predators, and thus the economics that underlie optimal escape strategies. AD likely mirrors the effort invested into vigilance, while FID provides...
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Online Access: | https://hal.science/hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580/document https://hal.science/hal-03538580/file/Hammer_2021_Ethology_Viblanc.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13264 |
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ftunivnantes:oai:HAL:hal-03538580v1 2023-05-15T17:03:55+02:00 Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather Hammer, Tracey, Bize, Pierre Saraux, Claire Gineste, Benoit Robin, Jean-Patrice Groscolas, René Viblanc, Vincent A Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC) Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen IPEV 2022 https://hal.science/hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580/document https://hal.science/hal-03538580/file/Hammer_2021_Ethology_Viblanc.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13264 en eng HAL CCSD Wiley info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/eth.13264 hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580/document https://hal.science/hal-03538580/file/Hammer_2021_Ethology_Viblanc.pdf doi:10.1111/eth.13264 info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess ISSN: 0179-1613 EISSN: 1439-0310 Ethology https://hal.science/hal-03538580 Ethology, 2022, 128 (4), pp.303-316. ⟨10.1111/eth.13264⟩ Aptenodytes patagonicus personality human disturbance optimal escape decisions predation risk [SDE]Environmental Sciences info:eu-repo/semantics/article Journal articles 2022 ftunivnantes https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13264 2023-03-08T02:11:55Z International audience Alert Distance (AD) and Flight Initiation Distance (FID) are popular measures used to explore the reaction of prey to approaching predators, and thus the economics that underlie optimal escape strategies. AD likely mirrors the effort invested into vigilance, while FID provides an estimate of the perceived risk of an approaching threat. Although individual variation in AD and FID is influenced by environmental factors such as variation in predation pressure and human disturbance, the repeatabilities of these traits (especially AD), and therefore their designation as a personality trait, remain under investigated. Here, we studied the repeatability of AD, FID, and the decision to flee in a flightless, ground-breeding seabird, the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus). A single experimenter approached three times over three consecutive days 47 incubating king penguins from two different colonies with varying human disturbance levels. We explored the effects of weather, time of day, and approach speed of the experimenter on these behaviors. Weather had an effect on all three behaviors. In warm, sunny weather AD increased, while in rainy, windy weather birds were more likely to flee yet waited longer before initiating flight. Faster approach speeds between AD and FID increased FID. Weather conditions and speed of approach affected repeatability estimates, highlighting the need to consider external sources of variation when refining such estimates. FID and the decision to flee were significantly and moderately repeatable (r = 0.26 and 0.57 respectively), while AD was not. There was no evidence of habituation or sensitization due to colony. Article in Journal/Newspaper King Penguins Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES Fid ENVELOPE(-65.939,-65.939,-68.664,-68.664) Ethology 128 4 303 316 |
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Open Polar |
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Université de Nantes: HAL-UNIV-NANTES |
op_collection_id |
ftunivnantes |
language |
English |
topic |
Aptenodytes patagonicus personality human disturbance optimal escape decisions predation risk [SDE]Environmental Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Aptenodytes patagonicus personality human disturbance optimal escape decisions predation risk [SDE]Environmental Sciences Hammer, Tracey, Bize, Pierre Saraux, Claire Gineste, Benoit Robin, Jean-Patrice Groscolas, René Viblanc, Vincent A Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
topic_facet |
Aptenodytes patagonicus personality human disturbance optimal escape decisions predation risk [SDE]Environmental Sciences |
description |
International audience Alert Distance (AD) and Flight Initiation Distance (FID) are popular measures used to explore the reaction of prey to approaching predators, and thus the economics that underlie optimal escape strategies. AD likely mirrors the effort invested into vigilance, while FID provides an estimate of the perceived risk of an approaching threat. Although individual variation in AD and FID is influenced by environmental factors such as variation in predation pressure and human disturbance, the repeatabilities of these traits (especially AD), and therefore their designation as a personality trait, remain under investigated. Here, we studied the repeatability of AD, FID, and the decision to flee in a flightless, ground-breeding seabird, the king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus). A single experimenter approached three times over three consecutive days 47 incubating king penguins from two different colonies with varying human disturbance levels. We explored the effects of weather, time of day, and approach speed of the experimenter on these behaviors. Weather had an effect on all three behaviors. In warm, sunny weather AD increased, while in rainy, windy weather birds were more likely to flee yet waited longer before initiating flight. Faster approach speeds between AD and FID increased FID. Weather conditions and speed of approach affected repeatability estimates, highlighting the need to consider external sources of variation when refining such estimates. FID and the decision to flee were significantly and moderately repeatable (r = 0.26 and 0.57 respectively), while AD was not. There was no evidence of habituation or sensitization due to colony. |
author2 |
Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie (DEPE-IPHC) Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen IPEV |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Hammer, Tracey, Bize, Pierre Saraux, Claire Gineste, Benoit Robin, Jean-Patrice Groscolas, René Viblanc, Vincent A |
author_facet |
Hammer, Tracey, Bize, Pierre Saraux, Claire Gineste, Benoit Robin, Jean-Patrice Groscolas, René Viblanc, Vincent A |
author_sort |
Hammer, Tracey, |
title |
Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
title_short |
Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
title_full |
Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
title_fullStr |
Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
title_full_unstemmed |
Repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
title_sort |
repeatability of alert and flight initiation distance in king penguins: effects of colony, approach speed and weather |
publisher |
HAL CCSD |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://hal.science/hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580/document https://hal.science/hal-03538580/file/Hammer_2021_Ethology_Viblanc.pdf https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13264 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-65.939,-65.939,-68.664,-68.664) |
geographic |
Fid |
geographic_facet |
Fid |
genre |
King Penguins |
genre_facet |
King Penguins |
op_source |
ISSN: 0179-1613 EISSN: 1439-0310 Ethology https://hal.science/hal-03538580 Ethology, 2022, 128 (4), pp.303-316. ⟨10.1111/eth.13264⟩ |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1111/eth.13264 hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580 https://hal.science/hal-03538580/document https://hal.science/hal-03538580/file/Hammer_2021_Ethology_Viblanc.pdf doi:10.1111/eth.13264 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1111/eth.13264 |
container_title |
Ethology |
container_volume |
128 |
container_issue |
4 |
container_start_page |
303 |
op_container_end_page |
316 |
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1766057908287569920 |